debug ( ) 1) ( ) 2) ( ) assert, printf ( ) Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

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1 I School of Information Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

2 debug ( ) 1) ( ) 2) ( ) assert, printf ( ) Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

3 a) b) -g b) Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

4 #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main() { printf("%s\n", 32); } % cc -g a4.c % dbx./a.out help changes.dbxrc dbxenv suppr a.out ld.so.1 Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

5 libc.so.1 libdl.so.1 libc_psr.so.1 (dbx) run : a.out ( id 21296) SEGV ( ) 0xff2b455c: strlen+0x0080: ld [%o1], %o2 :main 4 printf("%s\n", 32); (dbx) 4 dbx exit quit

6 % limit coredumpsize unlimit % rm -f core % cc -g a4.c %./a.out (core ) core dbx % dbx./a.out core ( ) a.out Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

7 core ( ) SEGV ( 0xff2b455c: strlen+0x0080: ld [%o1], %o2 :main 4 printf("%s\n", 32); (dbx) 4

8 (cont.) #include <stdio.h> int sub(char *msg) { msg[123456]= X ; } int main() { sub("abc"); } % cc -g a5.c %./a.out (core ) Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

9 (cont.) % dbx./a.out core ( ) SEGV ( :sub 3 msg[123456]= X ; (dbx) print msg msg = 0x20dd8 "abc" (dbx) print msg[123456] dbx: 0x3f018 Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

10 (cont.) (dbx) where =>[1] sub(msg = 0x20dd8 "abc"), 3 "a5.c" [2] main(), 6 "a5.c" (dbx) up :main 6 sub("abc"); (dbx) list 1,10 1 #include <stdio.h> 2 int sub(char *msg) { Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

11 (cont.) 3 msg[123456]= X ; 4 } 5 int main() { 6 sub("abc"); 7 } Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

12 a) b) c) d) Solaris watchmalloc Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

13 watchmalloc LD PRELOAD MALLOC DEBUG LD_PRELOAD=watchmalloc.so.1 export LD_PRELOAD MALLOC_DEBUG=WATCH export MALLOC_DEBUG./a.out Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

14 free (2 free) #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> int main() { char *x=null; x = malloc(5); strcpy(x, "ABC"); free(x); free(x); } Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

15 free (cont.) % cc -g a.c %./a.out %./X.sh - (watchmalloc ) % dbx./a.out core ( ) Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

16 free (cont.) watchmalloc.so.1 ( ) TRAP ( 0xff3813b0: realfree+0x0044: st % :main 9 free(x); (dbx) 9 free Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

17 #include <stdlib.h> int main() { char **x=null; x = malloc(sizeof(char*)*5); free(x[2]); } % cc -g a3.c %./a.out %./X.sh - Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

18 (cont.) % dbx./a.out core SEGV ( 0xff381390: realfree+0x0024: ld [ :main 5 free(x[2]); (dbx) print x[2] x[2] = 0xbaddcafe "< 0xbaddcafe>" watachmalloc malloc 0xbaddcafe Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

19 MALLOC OPTIONS MALLOC CHECK Electrict Fence ; D.U.M.A valgrind Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

20 assert printf Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

21 assert ( ) assert.h #include <stdio.h> #include <assert.h> int main() { int x; x=17; assert(x<9); } Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

22 assert (cont.) % cc -g a6.c %./a.out Assertion failed: x<9, file a6.c, line 6 (core ) 6 NDEBUG % cc -g -DNDEBUG a6.c %./a.out Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

23 printf printf printf("x %d", x); fflush printf("x %d", x); fflush(stdout); Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

24 FILE LINE #include <stdio.h> int main() { char *x; printf("%s:%d\n", FILE, LINE ); x++; printf("%s:%d\n", FILE, LINE ); printf(x); printf("%s:%d\n", FILE, LINE ); } Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

25 (cont.) % cc b1.c %./a.out b1.c:4 b1.c:6 (core ) 6 7 Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

26 (cont.) C99 func #include <stdio.h> int a() { printf("%s:%d %s\n", FILE, LINE, func ); } int main() { printf("%s:%d\n", FILE, LINE ); a(); } Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

27 (cont.) % cc b2b.c ;./a.out b2b.c:7 b2b.c:3 a % gcc b2b.c ;./a.out b2b.c:7 b2b.c:3 a FUNCTION Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

28 syslog UNIX syslog... #include <syslog.h>... syslog(log_info, "x %d", x);... /var/log/message Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

29 16 Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

30 lint % lint b1.c (5) : : x (9) : return : main (9) main printf Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

31 gcc -Wall gcc lint % cat a4.c #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main() { printf("%s\n", 32); } % gcc -Wall a4.c a4.c: In function main : a4.c:4: : format %s expects type char *, but argument 2 has type int a4.c:5: : control reaches end of non-void function Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

char char 1 signed char unsigned char ( ; single-quote 0x27) ASCII Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

char char 1 signed char unsigned char ( ; single-quote 0x27) ASCII Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology I117 3 1 School of Information Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology char char 1 signed char -128 127 unsigned char 0 255 ( ; single-quote 0x27) ASCII Japan Advanced Institute of