SEM44-矢野安剛.indd

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1 はじめに JACET NHK 219

2 10 ELF: English as a Lingua Franca 10 英語は矛盾だらけ dogs dog - e s deer, fish, sheep childs children foots feet knifes knives oxes oxen 220

3 one louse, two lice, one mouse, two mice one house, two hice My family is very small My family are all night owls family -er beggar liar -ar actor editor -or Worchester sauce restaurant t ballet beret t shortbread sweetmeats sweetbreads My nose is running My feet smell vegetable + 221

4 -arian vegetarian If a vegetarian eats vegetables, what does a humanitarian eat? Humans? 矛盾や複雑さの原因 1 Yano 2010 Their treatment of staff is definitely not cricket not cricket Getting rid of him will be a piece of cake a piece of cake potato crisps potato chips potato chips French fries pavement sidewalk footpath Where is the nearest subway station? Do you mean the underground? Where is the elevator? 222

5 Do you mean the lift? subway elevator 10 3 tea break What happened to your British identity? We are international! Did he speak English? pub crawling Americans speak American English. That can t be helped. But you, Japanese, here in London, speak American English. I can t stand it! an insignificant person small beer small potatoes small radishes onion-skinned cousin brother cousin sister go to cinema furnitures, informations, luggages 2002, Kachru and Nelson

6 2 symposium sky ballet Dachshund shish kebab jumbo perestroika intifada orangutan sushi, ramen Yano 2013b Norman Conquest beef, pork, mutton cow meat, pig meat, and sheep meat 3 mobile phone or cell phone text Kids seem to be texting non-stop these days Send a text to this number, please Facebook, SMS, Twitter social networking services My son is facebooking his girlfriend every day. Jane twitters/tweets to him every day. Where is the twitter/tweet you said you sent me yesterday? I m trying to send an SMS. He SMSed her every day. 224

7 tweet 規則化への流れ regularization generalization pea pease 17 pease -se pea Oxford English Dictionary, 2 nd ed OED biceps -s Your biceps are the large muscles at the front of the upper part of your arms COBUILD English Dictionary for Advanced Learners, 3 rd ed COBUILD data media datum medium - e s OED data datum media American Speech III

8 It was finally decided to allot a definite media to each member. One of the best advertising medias in the middle west. 21 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English for Advanced Learners, 6 th ed Longman Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary, 8 th ed OALD Shorter Oxford University Dictionary on Historical Principles, 2 vols. 6 th ed SOUD The data is collected by trained interviewers data These data are summarized in Table 5 media The media is/are controlled by the government OED, 2 nd ed pea biceps -(e)s 一般化への流れ Sandwich, Band-Aid, Kleenex, Scotch tape, Sellotape, Xerox 226

9 sandwich 4 Band-Aid Kleenex Scotch tape Sellotape Xerox terribly terrific She s doing a terrific job a good job I m terribly happy to see you 無標化 unmarking Yano a, b 2014 marked unmarked Yano 2007, 2013b corpus corpora corpuses formula formulae formulas syllabus syllabi syllabuses symposium symposia symposiums OED rarely symposiums 227

10 OALD SOUD OALD formula syllabus formulas syllabuses formulae syllabi less frequent Longman corpuses or corpora formulas or formulae, symposiums or symposia high through hi thru corpora, formulae, syllabi, symposia corpuses, formulas, syllabuses, symposiums fish, knives, lice, men, oxen, sheep fishes, knifes, louses, mans, oxes, sheeps -ar -or -er data media North American informal 228

11 datum medium data media datas medias 参考文献 COBUILD English Dictionary for Advanced Learners, 3 rd ed Harper Collins Kachru, Y. and C. L. Nelson 2006 World Englishes in Asian Contexts. Hong Kong University Press. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English for Advanced Learners, 6 th ed Pearson Education. Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary, 8 th ed Oxford University Press. Oxford English Dictionary, 2 nd ed Oxford University Press. Shorter Oxford University Dictionary on Historical Principles, 2 vols. 6 th ed Oxford University Press. Yano, Y English as an International Language: Its Past, Present, and Future. In Michiko Nakano, ed. On-Demand Internet Course Book: World Englishes and Miscommunications. Tokyo: Waseda University International, Yano, Y Culture-specific or Culture-general? Cultural Differences in English Expressions. Philippine Journal of Linguistics 41, a Vol. XIII, Yano, Y. 2013b Universal Language Change: Toward More Regular and More General. 229

12 In English Teachers Association-Republic of China, ed. Selected Papers from the Twenty-second International Symposium on English Teaching.Taipei: Crane Publishing, Vol. XIV,

Read the following text messages. Study the names carefully. 次のメッセージを読みましょう名前をしっかり覚えましょう Dear Jenny, Iʼm Kim Garcia. Iʼm your new classmate. These ar

Read the following text messages. Study the names carefully. 次のメッセージを読みましょう名前をしっかり覚えましょう Dear Jenny, Iʼm Kim Garcia. Iʼm your new classmate. These ar LESSON GOAL: Can read a message. メッセージを読めるようになろう Complete the conversation using your own information. あなた自身のことを考えて会話を完成させましょう 1. A: Whatʼs your name? B:. 2. A: Whatʼs your phone number, (tutor says studentʼs