Informatics 2010.key

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としみはかまや
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1 ~ryo/lectures/informatics2010/ 1 2 C ATM etc. etc. (Personal Computer) 3 4

2 Input Output Device Central Processing Unit I/O CPU Memory 5 6 (CPU),,... etc. C, Java, Fortran... etc. CPU CPU 7 8

3 .bashrc Src u Desktop / fs a.out prog.c Exec Mihon Src Informatics hello.c a.out home1 ryokoba bin Mihon home2 u Desktop ~...../.. Exec Src Informatics./a.out a.out /home/user2/ryokoba/mihon/src../../bin 9 10 GUI Graphical User Interface GUI GUI GUI cd + ls & rm 11 12

4 ls : $ ls -l : ls pwd : cd : $ cd ~/Informatics/Mihon $ cd../.. $ cd ~ mkdir : $ mkdir New New cp : $ cp source_file target_file target_file source_file $ cp source_file target_directory target_directory source_file mv : $ mv source_file target_file source_file target_file $ mv source_file target_directory target_directory source_file rm : rm Unixvi, emacs,... gedit MacXcode, mi,... Windows, TeraPad,... C #include <stdio.h> int main(void) {!... }... C printf( ) main( ) ( ) main 15 16

5 hello.c C hello.c a.out $ cc hello.c $./a.out a.out #include <stdio.h> int main(void) {! printf( Hello!!\n ); } printf( ) Tab Key = =1024 1K 19 C int, unsigned int, long, unsigned long, short, unsigned short, float, double char, unsigned char

6 int a; a int a 2 int a int 2 a int a; double x; double x size_of_variables.c C =, Ex. C C == 23 24

7 int a; int a = 0; initialize.c 25 substitution.c swap.c 26 swap1.c 2 swap2.c output_values.c 27 28

8 printf("input a: "); scanf("%d", &a); & double %f %lf input_values.c a, b 3 swap3.c! int double int int int double 3/5 0.6 double double double type1.c, type2.c 1. values1.c 2. values2.c 31 32

9 (i) 33 (ii) 34 C 35 > < = 36

10 (true) (false) > == >!= comparison.c and or not logical_operator.c 39 if 40

11 if even_odd.c 1. max_of_two common_multiple x = 2, y = 3 absolute_value max_of_two common_multiple 43 44

12 common_multiple absolute_value intercalary_year = = /400=

13 if if_in_if.c if { } if (indent) max_of_three (iii) for 51 52

14 for print_counter.c 53 for 54 for sum_up2 sum_up 55 print_double_counter.c 56

15 kuku indian_kuku chess_board while while square.c 59 60

16 while print_counter.c while for_by_while sum_over judge_prime (1) for_by_while.c (2) sum_over.c (2) sum_over.c 63 64

17 i gcd(x, y) x, y (greatest common divisor) 0 gcd(x, y) = gcd(y, x%y) gcd(x, 0) = x gcd(20, 14) = gcd(14, 6) = gcd(6, 2) = gcd(2, 0) = 2 y Ex. gcd(x, y) = gcd(y, x%y) x = py + q p q x x y y (0 q<y) y, q x x, y q = x py x, y q y, q x, y = y, q gcd(x, y) = gcd(y, q) 67 68

18 y x x, y y gcd(20, 14) = gcd(14, 6) = gcd(6, 2) = gcd(2, 0) = euclid (array) int int 72

19 set_array.c set_array2 random_number.c 73 #include <stdio.h> int main(void) {! int x[5], i;! for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)! {!! x[i] = i * i;! }! printf("data of the array x\n");! for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)! {!! printf("x[%d] = %d\n", i, x[i]);! } } define #include <stdio.h> #define N 5 int main(void) {! int x[n], i;! for (i = 0; i < N; i++)! {!! x[i] = i * i;! }! printf("data of the array x\n");! for (i = 0; i < N; i++)! {!! printf("x[%d] = %d\n", i, x[i]);! } } 74 rand() srand(seed) seed 75 76

20 Mihon/Src/max_of_array.c max_of_array table_of_primes statistics m = 1 N x i V = 1 N (x i m) 2 σ = V N N i=1 i=1 x #include <math.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <glsc.h> int main(void) {! double x_window = 100.0, y_window = 100.0;! g_init("graph", x_window, y_window);! g_device(g_disp);! g_sleep(2.0);! g_term(); } ex0.c 79 80

21 (0, 0) x_std g_def_scale(scale_number, x_left, x_right, y_bottom, y_top,! x_left_std, y_top_std, x_width_std, y_width_std); x_left x_right y_top y_top_std y_width_std y_std x_left_std x_width_std (x_window, y_window) y_bottom g_init("graph", x_window, y_window); g_device(g_disp); g_def_scale(0, x_left, x_right, y_bottom, y_top, x_left_std, y_top_std, x_width_std, y_width_std); g_cls(); g_sel_scale(0); g_box(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, G_YES, G_NO); g_move(0.5, 0.0); g_plot(1.0, 1.0); g_plot(0.0, 0.5); g_plot(0.5, 0.0); color g_sleep(g_stop); g_term(); g_line_color(color); g_area_color(color); 83 84

22 g_line_width(width); width g_line_type(type); type g_text(x_std, y_std, Hello ); y (x i,y i ) x (x i,y i ) y i y y = f(x) y = f(x) x i x x i = x 0 + i x (i =0, 1,,I) y i = f(x i ) (x i,y i ) (x i,y i ) f(x i ) 87 88

Informatics 2014

Informatics 2014 C 計算機の歴史手回し計算機新旧のソロバンバベッジの階差機関スパコン ENIAC (1946) パソコン大型汎用計算機電卓現在のコンピュータ Input Output Device Central Processing Unit I/O CPU Memory OS (Operating System) OS Windows 78, Vista, XP Windows Mac OS X