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1 GHz 18 2

2 (LDV) LDV LDV (AOM) (EOM) FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating) LDV db LDV

3 2 7.3 SAW A 32

4 LAN ID SAW 100 MHz5 GHz [1] (LDV) 1.2 LDV 20 MHz LDV (AOM) LDV AOM AOM (EOM) 10 GHz GHz(3 GHz ) LDV (LDV) LDV

6 5 2 (LDV) 2.1 v(t) v(t) ν 0 ν l 0 E(t) = E cos{ν 0 t k 0 nl 0 } (2.1) k 0 n l E(t) = E cos{ν 0 t 2k 0 nl} (2.2) v(t) l l = l 0 v(t)dt (2.3) E(t) = E cos{ν 0 t 2k 0 n(l 0 v(t)dt)} = E cos{ (ν 0 + 2k 0 nv(t))dt 2k 0 nl 0 } = E cos{ (ν 0 + 4πn λ v(t))dt 2k 0nl 0 } (2.4) λ ν = ν 0 + 4πn v(t) (2.5) λ

7 2 (LDV) 6 (2.5) n = 1 c ν = ν 0 + 4π λ v(t) = ν 0 + 2v(t) ν 0 c = ν 0 + 2v(t) c v(t) ν 0 = c + v(t) c v(t) ν 0 (2.6) ν (2.6) ν = ν ν 0 = 2v(t) c v(t) ν 0 2v(t) ν 0 c = 2v(t) (c v(t)) λ (2.7) 2.2 ν v(t) = V 0 sin ωt ν ν = ν 0 + ν = ν 0 + 2V 0 λ sin ωt (2.8) (FM) 2V 0 λ 0 m f = 2V 0 λf FM f = ω 2π a 0 V 0 = a 0 ω m f m f = 2v 0 λf = 4πV 0 λω = 4πa 0 λ (2.9)

8 2 (LDV) 7 f m f J n (m f ) = J n ( 4π λ a 0) 2.3 LDV Fig.2.1 LDV V ν ν = 2V c V ν 2V λ (2.10) E 1 E 2 E 1 = A 1 cos(2πνt 2π νt + φ) (2.11) E 2 = A 2 cos(2πνt) (2.12) φ i E 1 + E 2 2 = A A A 1A 2 cos(2π νt φ) (2.13) ν Mirror from laser E 2 V Half Mirror E1 Photo Detector Fig. 2.1:

9 2 (LDV) LDV LDV E 2 f B E 2 = A 2 cos(2πνt 2πf B t) (2.14) i E 1 + E 2 2 = A A A 1A 2 cos(2π(f B + ν)t φ) (2.15) f B ν FM ν f B from laser Mirror E 2 Modulator Half Mirror E1 Photo Detector Fig. 2.2: LDV

10 9 3 (EO) (AO) 3.1 n n(z, t) = n sin(ω s t k s z) (3.1) (v s ω s k s v s = ω s k s ) θ OA+OB λ θ 2λ s sin θ = λ (3.2) L >> λ s 2 λ 3.2 (AOM) (AOM) TeO 2 PbMoO 4 (LiNbO 3 ) Λ f v Λ = v f y Λ L -

11 3 10 f B f B Fig. 3.1: (AOM) n(z, t) = n 0 + n sin(ωt Kz) (3.3) Ω K y E(y, z, t) = E 0 sin[ωt (n 0 + n sin(ωt Kz)) 2π λ y] (3.4) E(y, z, t) = E 0 m Jm ( 2π λ nl) sin[(ω + mω)t (2π λ y + 2πm z)] (3.5) Λ - ω + mω 3.3 E = E 0 e i(k r ωt) (3.6)

12 3 11 Fig. 3.2: (3.7) i = x, y, z D m = D i m i = 0 m 2 x 1/n 2 1/ɛ x + D = ɛ 0 n 2 {E m(m E)} (3.7) D i = ɛ 0 n 2 { D i ɛ 0 ɛ i m i (m E)} (3.8) D i m i = m2 i ɛ 0(m E) 1/n 2 1/ɛ i (3.9) m 2 y 1/n 2 1/ɛ y + m 2 z 1/n 2 1/ɛ z = 0 (3.10) m, x, y, z v, v x, v y, v z n, n x, n y, n z v = c 0 n y = 1 ε 0 µ 0 ε i = ( C0 n i (3.11) ) 2 (3.12) () m 2 x v 2 v 2 x + m2 y v 2 v 2 y + m2 z v 2 v 2 z = 0 (3.13) m 2 x(v 2 v 2 y)(v 2 v 2 z) + m 2 y(v 2 v 2 z)(v 2 v 2 x) + m 2 z(v 2 v 2 x)(v 2 v 2 y) = 0 (3.14) v 2 m

13 3 12 ε x = ε y ε z v x = v y = v 0 v x = v e (v 2 v0){(m 2 2 x + m 2 y)(v 2 ve) 2 + m 2 z(v 2 v0)} 2 = 0 (3.15) m φ m 2 x + m 2 y + m 2 z = 1 m 2 x + m 2 y = sin 2 φ (3.16) m 2 z = sin 2 φ (3.17) (3.15) v 2 1 = v 2 0 (3.18) v 2 2 = v 2 e sin 2 φ + v 2 0 cos 2 φ (3.19) δ 3.4 (EOM) LiNbO 3 z x y y z

14 FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating) FBG FBG Bragg Bragg FBG λ = 2nΛ (4.1) λ (Bragg ) Λ n Bragg R B λ B L n R B = tanh 2 ( πl nη ) (4.2) λ B λ B = { λ2 B πnl } π 2 + ( π nl ) λ 2 (4.3) B η z 0 z L n(z) n(z) = n 0 + n cos(kz)k = 2π/Λ (4.4) n 0 n Λ Bragg λ B 4.2 FBG Fig.4.1 SLD Fig.4.2

15 4 14 (a) (b) Fig. 4.1: FBG (a) (b) (25 ) (a-1) (b-1) (a-2) (b-2) Fig. 4.2: FBG (a-1, 2) (b-1, 2) (16.3 )

16 4 15 (a) (b) Fig. 4.3: FBG (a) (b) (17.2 ) FBG Fig.4.3

17 Fig V p p Mirror from laser E2 f Half Mirror Photo Detector E1 Function generator Oscilloscope Fig. 5.1: 8 Hz 15 khz 8 Hz 10 khz φ (2.13) φ φ (1)(2)(3) LDV

18 5 17 Fig. 5.2: i (1) (2) (3) [rad.] Fig. 5.3: Fig MHz (SAW) PZT 10 khz φ 6 V p p 50 nm SAW 10 khz 10 khz 1 ms A sin φa cos φ A = A 2 (sin 2 φ + cos 2 φ) Fig khz MHz

19 5 18 Fig. 5.4: (: SAW (19.90 MHz)) Fig. 5.5: SAW (19.90 MHz)

20 khz MHz 10 khz6 V p p dbm 50 nm Fig. 5.6 Fig. 5.6: SAW (19.90 MHz)

21 20 6 LDV 6.1 Fig. 6.1 FBG (1) (2) Faraday Rotator Laser ω 10 GHz Phase Modulator ω Circulator 3 db Coupler 10 GHz Amp. f 10 GHz Oscillator (3) f ω (4) 10 GHz ω Polarized wave Controller Sample Circulator Faraday Rotator FC connector 3 db Coupler Local Oscillator 9 GHz 10GHz P.D. beat DBM DC2 GHz Fig. 6.1: EOM FBG LDV Fig. 6.2

22 6 LDV 21 Fig. 6.2: EOM FBG LDV()

23 6 LDV 22 Fig nm FBG Fig dbm f B f B f B Fig. 6.3: db 3 db Fig. 6.4 Fig. 6.4: 3 db

24 6 LDV 23 3 db db(50 )

24 7 LDV 7.1 1 GHz SAW (Fig. 7.1) Fig. 7.1: (1 GHz) 7.

25 24 7 LDV GHz SAW (Fig. 7.1) Fig. 7.1: (1 GHz) 7.2 f B =1 GHz f B + ν 1 2 J 0 J 1 A 20 khz PZT LDV hold Fig. 7.2Fig Fig. 7.3 FBG 10 GHz FC 10 GHz 10 GHz 1 GHz

26 7 LDV 25 Fig. 7.2: PZT (20kHz) Fig. 7.3: PZT (10kHz)

27 7 LDV SAW SAW φ = 160µm SAW 20 MHz 100 µm 20 Fig mm Fig. 7.4: SAW (19.90 MHz)(a)28.46V p p (b)56.92v p p

28 27 8 φ φ SAW 200 LDV 10kHz 20 khz LDV LDV SAW MHz 0.01 mm SAW

29 28 9 LDV J n (x) x a 0

30 29 10 FM

31 30 [1],, ,Tokyo [2],,1987.4,Tokyo [3],,1986.7,Tokyo [4],,2000.2,Tokyo [5] Y.Yeh,H.Z.Cummins.Localized Fluid Flow Measurements with An He-Ne Laser Spectrometer.Apl.Phys.Let,Vol. 4,No. 10,1964 [6] H.Z.Cummins,N.Knable.Single Sideband Modulation of Coherent Light by Bragg Reflection from Acoustical Waves.Proc.IEEE,p.1264;Septempber [7], [8], [9],, [10],, [11],, [12] SAW,,2002.2

32 31

33 32 A ν = ν 0 + ν = ν 0 + 2V 0 λ sin ωt (A.1) 2V 0 λ m f = 2V 0 λf = 4πV 0 λω (A.2) (f ) p sin(α + β) = sin α cos β + cos α sin β (A.3) i = I c sin(ωt + m f sin pt) = I c [sin ωt cos(m f sin pt) + cos ωt sin(m f sin pt)] (A.4) cos(m f sin pt) sin(m f sin pt) cos(m f sin pt) = J 0 (m f ) + 2J 2 (mf) cos(2pt) + sin(m f sin pt) = 2J 1 (m f ) sin pt + 2J 3 (m f ) sin(3pt) + (A.5) (A.6) sin α cos β = 1 {sin(α + β) + sin(α β)} 2 (A.7) cos α sin β = 1 {sin(α + β) sin(α β)} 2 (A.8) (A.4) i = I c [J 0 (m f ) sin ωt+j 1 (m f ){sin(ω+p)t sin(ω p)t}+2j 2 (m f ){sin(ω+2p)t sin(ω 2p)t}+ ] (A.9) np(n ) J n

34 A J 0 (x) J 1 (x) m f = x (A.2) a 0 Fig. A.1 Fig. A.1:

LD

989935 1 1 3 3 4 4 LD 6 7 10 1 3 13 13 16 0 4 5 30 31 33 33 35 35 37 38 5 40 FFT 40 40 4 4 4 44 47 48 49 51 51 5 53 54 55 56 Abstract [1] HDD (LaserDopplerVibrometer; LDV) [] HDD IC 1 4 LDV LDV He-Ne Acousto-optic