地球環境研究センターニュース2018年8月号

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1 Vol.29 No IWGGMS-14 APA [1] [14]

2 Vol.29 No _ IWGGMS th International Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Measurements from Space: IWGGMS-14 GOSAT OCO Environment and Climate Change Canada: ECCC 2. D. Jones ECCC R. Nassar 1 S. Laporte GOSAT GOSAT

3 3. GOSAT OCO TanSat Sentinel-5 Precursor S5P TROPOMI TanSat 1 Y. Liu XCO 2 Solar Induced chlorophyll Fluorescence: SIF 1 4 Total Carbon Column Observing Network: TCCON 50 OCO-2 XCO 2 S5P Copernicus TROPOMI 7km 3.5km 2600km 1 1 C. Zehner TROPOMI XCO XCH TROPOMI D. Crisp JPL GOSAT OCO-2 OCO-2 GOSAT 1/25 2 C. Camy-Peyret = MicroCarb H. Zhong APEC XCO 2 2ppm GOSAT OCO A. Eldering JPL OCO OCO-2 OCO OCO-3 OCO-3 6

4 D. Crisp A. Butz ARRHENIUS 1 GeoCarb D. Yang 2 3 TanSat-2 TanSat Feng Yun 3D Geofen IWGGMS GOSAT OCO-2 OCO-2 TROPOMI 6. IWGGMS GOSAT 10 GOSAT-2 IWGGMS IWGGMS-14 IWGGMS 3 3rd IWGGMS th IWGGMS IWGGMS IWGGMS IWGGMS

5 Vol.29 No _ APA UNFCCC APA SBSTA48 SBI48 APA SBSTA SBI APA 1. APA1-5 NDC 2020 APA1-4 [ ] APA1-4 technical expert review: TER facilitative, multilateral consideration of progress: FMCP NDC COP CMA

6 UNFCCC 1 APA 5 B C G H B C NDC G TER H FMCP NDC NDC 6 UNFCCC UNFCCC UNFCCC no backsliding Biennial Update Report: BUR 2 Biennial Report BR Biennial Update Report BUR International Assessment and Review IAR = Technical Review + Multilateral Assessment International Consultation and Analysis ICA = Technical Analysis + Facilitative Sharing of Views

7 APA SB APA1-6 SB48 9 APA 1 APA SB Ⅰ Consultative Group of Experts CGE 2013 COP CGE SBI49 I UNFCCC UNFCCC 3. FSV SBI 5 4 Facilitative Sharing of Views: FSV 2 EU FSV Multilateral Assessment: MA FSV FSV 7 16 FSV FSV 2 41

8 COP24 9 APA

9 Vol.29 No _ CO 2 ) (2014)

10 1 C ( ) + IPCC CO 2 2

11 2 3 (1) (2) (3) km 100km 100km

12 3 Shiogama a 3b 3a 3b Shiogama (mm/ / C) (a) (b)

13 (2015) (2014), :,, 4, Shiogama H., S. Emori, N. Hanasaki, M. Abe, Y. Masutomi, K. Takahashi, T. Nozawa (2011) Observational constraints indicate risk of drying in the Amazon basin, Nature Communications,2, Article number: 253 doi: /ncomms1252

14 Vol.29 No _ CO 2 3,600 CO CO 2 10 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 7 CO 2 CO 2 CO [1] m 5cm 2.5 C CO 2

15

16 (a) (b) C % % 3a 1 C +0.1% % % 3a Q 10 [2] Q b

17 3 (a) (b) CO 2 CO C CO 2 1. Luo, Y. Q., Wan, S. Q., Hui, D. F. & Wallace, L. L. (2001) Acclimatization of soil respiration to warming in a tall grass prairie. Nature 413, , doi: / Melillo, J. M. et al. (2002) Soil warming and carbon-cycle feedbacks to the climate system. Science 298, , doi: /science Aguilos, M., et al. (2013) Sustained large stimulation of soil heterotrophic respiration rate and its temperature sensitivity by soil warming in a cool-temperate forested peatland. Tellus B 65, 20792, doi: /tellusb.v65i Wu, C., et al. (2016) Heterotrophic respiration does not acclimate to continuous warming in a subtropical forest. Scientific Reports 6, Teramoto, M., Liang, N., Takagi, M., Zeng, J., Grace, J. (2016) Sustained acceleration of soil carbon decomposition observed in a 6-year warming experiment in a warm-temperate forest in southern Japan. Scientific Reports 6, 35563, doi: /srep35563 Teramoto, M., Liang, N., Ishida, S., Zeng, J. (2018) Long-term stimulatory warming effect on soil heterotrophic respiration in a cool-temperate broad-leaved deciduous forest in northern Japan. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, doi: /2018JG004432

18 Global Warming Stimulates CO 2 Emissions from Forest Soil in Shirakami-Sanchi Increased soil organic carbon decomposition based on a soil warming experiment

19 Vol.29 No _ C 6 5 1

20 2 3

21

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