Abraham 1996 European Commission, Regional Growth and Convergence, Aggregate and Regional Impact, The Single Market Review, Subseries VI: Vo

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1 kgw@sfc.keio.ac.jp Corresponding Author; ~escrime/ Convergence Criteria Soltwedel

2 Abraham 1996 European Commission, Regional Growth and Convergence, Aggregate and Regional Impact, The Single Market Review, Subseries VI: Volume 1, Mundell P PP kyoto-u.ac.jp/cces/ 110

3 Ibid, 13 Ibid, P labour market pooling 15 Ibid, The Spatial Economy Seamless World Ibid, P Masahisa Fujita, Paul Krugman and Anthony J. Venables Ibid,

4 P Eurostat P Cremer, Marchand and Pestieau 1996 Coles and Masters 2000 Learning by doing 29 Reemployment probability proportional hazard Jackman, Layard and Savouri 1991 P. 44 UV P Unlearning by not doing 30 Addison and Portugal

5 OECD EU OECD OECD 2000 P Eurostat NUTS Nomenclature of Territorial Unit for StatisticsNUTS1 78 NUTS2 211 NUTS EU 2 31 Fiorella, Padoa and Schioppa Armstrong and Vickerman Eurostat 2000 P. 109,

6 U LTU V U 3 4 U LTU V LTU Eurostat 2000 UV Unemployment Vacancy 33 Jackman, Layard and Savouri 1991UV 34 U V UV 35 Solow 1998 Blanchard and Diamond Ibid. P Jackman, Layard and Savouri Ibid. PP OECD W. H. Beveridge Beveridge Solow 1998 Eurostat EU 114

7 Blanchard and Katz labour migration movements of labour 37 Mundell 1961 Decressin and Fatas 1995 Abraham 1996 EU 38 EU Blanchard and Katz 1992 P EU Objective 1 PPP GDP EU Abraham 2000 P EU Soltwedel, Dohse and Krieger-Boden 1999 P. 50, Figure. 2 EMU 41 Ibid P. 211 Mennes, Tinbergen and Waardenburg

8 EU EU EU EU EU Sawada 1992 Boer People s Europe EC P

9 EU European Commission EU Web www. europa.eu.int EU ERDFCohesion Fund 50 GDP

10 2000 P Mobility 51 Robbins 1972 PP ,PP Meade 1952 P IT EC IT SOHO

11 EC EC EC EMU P P P. J EU, A Abraham, F., Regional adjustment and wage flexibility in the European Union, Regional Science and Urban Economics 26, Addison, J. T., and Portugal, P., Some specification issues in unemployment duration analysis, Labour Economics 5, Blanchard, O. J., and Diamond, "The Beveridge Curve, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Blanchard, O. J., and Katz, L. F., Regional Evolutions, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Cremer, H., Marchand, M., Pestieau, P., The optimal level of unemployment insurance benefits in a model of employment mismatch, Labour Economics 2, Armstrong, H. W., Taylor, J., Regional Economics & Policy, Harvester Weatsheaf, Armstrong, H. W., Vickerman R. W., Editors, Convergence and Divergence Among Regions, Coles, M., and Masters, A., Retraining and longterm unemployment in a model of unlearning by not doing, European Economic Review 44, Decressin J., and Fatas, A., Regional labor market dynamics in Europe, European Economic Review 39, European Commission, Report of the High Panel on the free movement of persons, Eurostat, Regions: Statistical yearbook 2000, Fiorella, Padoa and Schioppa, Mismatch and Labour Mobility. Cambridge University Press, Jackman, R., Layard R., and Savouri, S., Mismatch: a framework for thought, Mismatch and Labour Mobility Edited by Fiorella, Padoa and Schioppa, Cambridge University Press, Krugman, P., and Venables, A., Integration, Specialization and Adjustment, NBPR Working Paper #4559, Meade, T. E., Problems of Economic Union, George Allen & Unwin, Mennes, L. B. M., Tinbergen, J., Waardenburg, J. G., The Element of Space in Development Planning, North Holland Publishing, Mundell, R. A., A Theory of Currency Areas, American Economic Review 51, PP OECD, Disparities in Regional Labour Markets, Employment Outlook, PP , Robbins, L., Economic Planning and International Order, Arno Press, Sawada, M., The Shengen Convention, A Response to a Frontier-Free Europe, EC 12, Solow, R. M., What is Labour-Market Flexibility? What is it Good For?, Keynes Lecture in Economics, The British Academy, Soltwedel, R., Dohse D., and Krieger-Boden, C., EMU Challenges European Labor Markets, IMF Working Paper WP/99/131, Eurostat EU

12 Mobility of People and Industrial Location From a Viewpoint of Regional Economy and Employment Toshiyuki KAGAWA Professor at Faculty of Policy Management, Keio University Yuichi ITO Graduate School of Media and Governance Abstract This research discusses the problem of regional disparities in employment in Europe and surveys related areas with spatial economics. Location and spatial economics raise possibilities that the formation and development of the Single European Market will agglomerate industries in Europe. On the other hand, regional disparities in Europe will encourage the mobility of labour to adjust the structural mismatch of employment. The free movement of people is one main pillar of European integration, while integration process itself may restrains its movement. With respect to the regional labour market, the free movement of people can be at once centripetal and centrifugal forces of industrial location, and can either augment or reduce the mismatch of employment. The authors focus on the attributions and characteristics of people and attempt to analyse the conflicting factors, thereby proposing a frame of reference for future research. Key Words: Free movement of people; industry agglomeration; regional disparities kgw@sfc.keio.ac.jp, Homepage: Corresponding Author escrime@sfc.keio.ac.jp, Homepage: Address:Endo 5322 Fujisawa Kanagawa-ken Japan Keio University Shonan Fujisawa Campus, Kagawa Laboratory 120

1993 3 Trans European Networks TENs TENs 90 TENs TEN T 1997 TEN T TEN T 1994 12 14 3 CEC, 1993 4 TEN T 14 2010 TEN T 1996TEN T Pan-European Transport

1 SFC 1990 2 EU 1990EU 1 2 3 4 5 6 URL 1 1177 7, kgw@sfc.keio.ac.jp 2 1990EU EU 121 1993 3 Trans European Networks TENs TENs 90 TENs TEN T 1997 TEN T TEN T 1994 12 14 3 CEC, 1993 4 TEN T 14 2010 TEN T