|
|
|
- いおり やまがた
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1
2 delay,gain HV gain ADC calibration TDC calibration TQ TQ TQ TQ fitting NaI pick-off pick-off pick-off fitting pick-off B pick-off C
3 4.5.3 D β TDCcalibration TQ pick-off Threshold BG pick-off
4 1 1.1 QED 3
5 2 (Ps) Ps QED L = 1 4 F µνf µν ψ(γ µ [ µ + iea µ ] + m)ψ (2.1) Ps ( ) QED Ps l=0,s=0 l=0,s=1 1 S 0 3 S 1 l s (p-ps) (o-ps) Ps QED fermionn n c Ψ = d 3 p 1 d 3 p 2 χ(p 1, σ 1 ; p 2, σ 2 )a (p 1, σ 1 )a c (p 2, σ 2 )Ψ vacuum (2.2) σ 1 σ 2 χ(p 1, σ 1 ; p 2, σ 2 ) = ±χ(p 2, σ 2 ; p 1, σ 1 ) CΨ = Ψ Ca (p, σ)c 1 = ξa c (p, σ),ca c (p, σ)c 1 = 4
6 ξ c a (p, σ), ξξ c = 1 C ξ charge conjugation parity p-ps χ o- Ps p-ps o-ps C / charge conjugation parity -1 Ca (k 1, σ 1, photon)a (k 2, σ 2, photon)...a (k n, σ n, photon)ψ vacuum = ( 1) n a (k 1, σ 1, photon)a (k 2, σ 2, photon)...a (k n, σ n, photon)ψ vacuum (2.3) Ca (k, σ, photon)c 1 = a (k, σ, photon) n C ( 1) n QED C p-ps o-ps o-ps p-ps 2,4,6,... o-ps 3,5,7,... differential transition rate dγ(α β) α β β + dβ initial particles 2 differential transition rate dγ(α β) = (2π) 4 V 1 M βα 2 δ 4 (p β p α )dβ (2.4) M βα α β S S βα = 2πiM βα δ 4 (p α p β )dβ (2.5) V transition rate differential transition rate 5
7 α n dσ(α β) dσ(α β) = V u α dγ(α β) (2.6) (2π) 4 u α M βα 2 δ 4 (p β p α )dβ (2.7) (p1 p 2 ) u α 2 m 2 1 m2 2 E 1 E 2 dσ(α β) flux transition rate flux H H 0 V S 1 S = dt 1 dt 2 dt N T (V (t 1 )V (t 2 ) V (t N )) (2.8) N! N=0 S p-ps o-ps transition rate Feynmen diagram Feynmen o-ps one-loop Feynmen diagrams S transition rate Feynmen 6
8 2.1: feynmen diagram p-ps decay rate transition rate Γ(p P s 2γ) = mα5 2 = sec 1 (2.9) [5] α m o P s 3γ z -1,0,1 1 3 τ 1 τ 2 τ 3 σ = 1 3 dσ(pσe, p σe + k 1 τ 1, k 2 τ 2, k 3 τ 3 ) τ 1 τ 2 τ 3 σ (2π) 4 [ (p 1 p 2 ) 2 m 4 E 1 E 2 ] 1 1 3! M pσe,p σe + k 1 τ 1,k 2 τ 2 k 3 τ 3 2 k 1 k 2 k 3 d k 2 d k 3 dω 3 dψ 23 (2.10) p 1, E 1 p 2, E 2 dω 3 k 3 ψ 23 k 2 7
9 (p k 3 azimuthal angle 1 p 2 ) 2 m 4 E 1 E 2 M βα S βα = δ(β α) 2πiM βα δ 4 (p α p β ) scattering amplitude o-ps Feynmen diagram decay rate k 1, k 2, k 3 σ(o P s 3γ) σ(o P s 3γ) = 1 (p 3 27 π 6 1 p 2 ) 2 m 4 [ E 1 E 2 τ 1 τ 2 τ 3 σ ] 1 E1 +E 2 E1 +E 2 d k 2 d k 3 0 E 1 +E 2 k 2 1 3! M pσe,p σe + k 1 τ 1,k 2 τ 2 k 3 τ 3 2 k 1 k 2 k 3 (2.11) decay rate Γ(o P s 3γ) = π mα6 dx 1 dx 2 [( 1 x 1 ) 2 + ( 1 x 2 ) 2 + ( 1 x 3 ) 2 ] x3 =2 x 0 1 x 1 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 2 2 = 2 9π (π2 9)mα 6 = sec 1 (2.12) [5] o-ps one-loop diagram transition rate (7) 10 6 sec 1 [5] transition rate Γ transition rate Ps lifetime = transitionrate 1 p-ps o-ps p-ps sec o-ps sec one-loop sec 8
10 Na β + e + e Ps β + γ NaI Ps o-ps Na β + ADC 60 Co ADC 137 Cs ADC NaI NaI1,2,3 HV1,2,3 ADC1,2,4 TDC1,2,4 HV4 ADC5 TDC5 NaI SiO 2 β + 9
11 : 10
12 図 3.2: 配置図 図 3.3: 配置図 11
13 HV1 NaI1 div1 diccri1 FAN Coin TDC HV2 NaI2 div2 discri2 delay HV3 NaI3 div3 discri3 HV4 P.S. div4 discri4 Gate1 Gate2 ADC delay : HV Negative High Voltage Div divider P.S. Plastic Scintillator Discri discriminator Gate Gate Generator FAN Coin Coincidence Delay Delay1 Fixed Delay Delay2 ADC 12
14 Time P.S. threshold delay gate NaI threshold delay Coin. TDC1,2,4 decay time TDC5 3.5: TDC start stop TDC start NaI,P.S. coincidence TDC5 TDC1,2,4 TDC5 TDC1,2,4 delay ns
15 100 hp a A B C D NaI 22 Na γ NaI P.S delay,gain gate1 FAN coincidence gate gate1 824 ns delay1 TDCstart stop NaI 105 ns P.S. 840 ns fixed delay gate2 ADC 1600 ns dalay2 ADCgate delay out HV gain HV NaI1-3 HV Na β + ADC NaI 511 kev ADC HV 1300V 1200 V 1200 V ADC NaI
16 3.1: HV gain HV V pedestal 511 kev NaI NaI NaI HV NaI ADC calibration ADC NaI Co,Cs fitting 3.1 Energy[ kev ] = a ADC + b (3.1) 3.2: A ADC calibration pedestal 511 kev ADC ADC ADC : A a,b a ADC ADC ADC b 15
17 3.4: B calibration pedestal 511 kev ADC ADC ADC : B a,b a ADC ADC ADC b 3.6: C calibration pedestal 5112 kev ADC ADC ADC : C a,b a ADC ADC ADC b 16
18 3.8: D calibration pedestal 511 kev ADC ADC ADC : D a,b a ADC ADC ADC b TDC calibration TDC fixed delay TDC 3.2 fitting T ime[ ns] = c T DC + d (3.2) 17
19 3.10: TDC cariblation ns TDC TDC TDC TDC ns TDC TDC TDC TDC : TDC fitting c d TDC ± ± TDC ± ± TDC ± ± TDC ± ±
20 NaI1 200 kev 511 kev 1274 kev 200 kev 511 kev 100 kev threshold NaI2,NaI3 4.1: Energy vs ADCcount(NaI1) 19
21 4.2: Energy vs ADCcount(NaI2) 4.3: Energy vs ADCcount(NaI3) 20
![4.4 NaI1 TDC T 1 T = const T 1 (4.1) const 0[ ns] 4.5 4.6 NaI2,NaI3 4.](/docs-images/91/106013398/images/22-0.jpg "4: Time vs TDCcount(NaI1) fitting τ f(t) = p exp( t τ ) + r (4.2) 4.1 4.")
22 4.4 NaI1 TDC T 1 T = const T 1 (4.1) const 0[ ns] NaI2,NaI3 4.4: Time vs TDCcount(NaI1) fitting τ f(t) = p exp( t τ ) + r (4.2) NaI1 21
23 4.5: Time vs TDCcount(NaI2) 4.6: Time vs TDCcount(NaI3) 22
24 4.1: [ ns] NaI ± NaI ± NaI ± const (511 kev,20 ns) p-ps (1274 kev,20 ns) β kev p-ps pick-off p-ps (511 kev,70 ns ) pick-off (511 kev,40 ns) p-ps (511 kev 100 ns ) p-ps pick-off o-ps 4.10 threshold NaI2,NaI3 4.2 TQ threshold threshold TDC TQ TQ T 23
25 4.7: Time vs Energy(NaI1) 4.8: Time vs Energy(NaI2) 24
26 図 4.9: Time vs Energy(NaI3) 図 4.10: Time vs Energy(NaI1) の分布 25
27 V V=0 w1 w2 Time T h Threshold 4.11: ADC = 1 2 h(w 1 + w 2 ) (4.3) T : w 1 = δ : h (4.4) T = (w 1 + w 2 )w 1 δ 2ADC (4.5) T E ADC T = const (T 1 a E + b ) (4.6) a = (const T 1 ) + ( + c) (4.7) E + b T 1 TDC TQ (1) kev 511 kev 1 0[ ns] 26
28 1274 kev 511 kev 0 ns (2) fitting a,b,c const T 1 = 0 T = a E + b + c (4.8) (1) ( 0[ ns]) TQ fitting 1274 kev p-ps 511 kev NaI1 150[ kev ] 1200[ kev ] NaI2 275[ kev ] 1200[ kev ] NaI3 150[ kev ] 1200[ kev ] fitting fitting 4.15 fitting (a,b,c) : a b c NaI ± ± ± ± NaI ± ± ± ± NaI ± ± ± ±
29 4.12: TQ (NaI1) 4.13: TQ (NaI2) 28
30 4.14: TQ (Na13) 4.15: TQ fitting fitting (NaI1) 29
31 4.3 NaI2 NaI2 NaI2 511 kev kev ADC NaI2 NaI2 4.3: ADC2 calibration-1 energy kev ADC 22 Na Cs Co : ADC2 calibration-2 energy kev ADC 22 Na Cs Co NaI3 4.2 NaI1 γ background NaI3 NaI1 4.4 pick-off o-ps p-ps p-ps o-ps o-ps p-ps o-ps,p-ps 30
32 4.5: ADC2 calibration-3 energy kev ADC 22 Na Cs Co p-ps p-ps o-ps p-ps pick-off pick-off pick-off 100 E E 520 fitting n(t) = exp( t τ ) + c (4.9) τ 100 E E 600 τ all τ pick : TQ τ all τ pick NaI1 n all (t)dt : 0 E 440[ kev ] t t + dt event n pick (t)dt : 440 E 600[ kev ] t t + dt event 31
33 n all,n pick n all = exp( t τ all ) + c (4.10) n pick = exp( t τ pick ) + c (4.11) N total (t) : t P s N pick (t) : t pick off P s N 3γ (t) : t o Ps 3γ P s N 0 : 0 P s Γ total (t)dt : t t + dt P s Γ pick (t)dt : t t + dt P s pick off Γ 3γ (t)dt : t t + dt P s o P s 3γ pick-off Γ 3γ (t) Γ 3γ (t) Γ total (t) = Γ pick (t) + Γ 3γ (4.12) pick-off Γ pick (t) Γ 3γ Γ total τ all Γ pick(t) Γ 3γ N 3γ = N pick = N total = t 0 t 0 t 0 (N 0 N total (t))γ 3γ (t)dt (4.13) (N 0 N total (t))γ pick (t)dt (4.14) (N 0 N total (t))γ total (t)dt (4.15) P compton : NaI compton P kouden : NaI 32
34 pick-off 2γ n all (t)dt = N 3γ t 3P compton + N pick 2P compton (4.16) t n pick (t)dt = N pick 2P kouden (4.17) t n all (t)dt = 3P compton (N 0 N total (t))γ 3γ (t) + 2P compton (N 0 N total (t))γ pick (t) n pick (t)dt = 2P kouden (N 0 N total (t))γ pick (t) 100 E 400 n all (t)dt 3P compton (N 0 N total (t))γ 3γ (t) (4.18) n all n pick N total Γ pick P compton P kouden Γ pick n pick (t) n all (t) = 2P kouden Γ pick (t) 2P compton Γ pick + 3P compton Γ 3γ (4.19) 2Γ pick(t) 3Γ 3γ (4.20) = p exp( t q ) + r (4.21) P kouden P compton Γ pick n all (t) = n 0 exp[ 1 t (1 + Γ pick )] + B (4.22) τ 3γ 0 Γ 3γ 100 kev threshold 33
35 count Enegy[keV] 4.16: threshold threshold 4.16 threshold count Γ pick(t) Γ 3γ threshold n all n pick background threshold background n T HR dt : threshold (4.23) n all (t)dt (n all (t) + n T HR )dt (4.24) n pick (t)dt (n pick (t) + n T HR )dt (4.25) ε = n T HR /(n T HR + n 3γ ) (4.26) 34
36 50[ ns] 4.7 background p-ps, o-ps BG background 4.18 background A H base Γ pick (t) pick-off o-ps KeV base o-ps scale o-ps pick-off ( pick off ) = ( ) ( scale ) (base ) N 3γ : 3γ (4.27) N pick : pick off (4.28) N T HR : T HR (4.29) ɛ : N T HR /(N T HR + N 3γ ) (4.30) background pick-off N pick (t) N 3γ (t) + N T HR 2Γ pick(t) 3Γ 3γ (4.31) = p exp( t q ) + r (4.32) 35
37 Γ pick (t)/γ 3γ pick-off : [ ns] A B C D E F G H base BG pick-off fitting pick-off 4.8 sebsection 4.8 Γ pick /Γ 3γ C D 6 D 5.1 fitting p = ± q = ± r = ±
38 4.17: number of events 700<t< h_bg_nai1 Entries 3528 Mean RMS : BG 37
39 number of events 500<t< h_i_nai1 Entries 877 Mean RMS : base 4.8: pick-off N T HR N pick N 3γ ɛ Γ pick /Γ 3γ A B C D E F G H
40 gamma_pick/gamma_3gamma vs time 0.28 χ 2 / ndf / 2 p ± 1 p e+07 ± p ± : pick-off τ 3γ = ± pick-off pick-off o-ps A,B,C,D 4.10 τ 3γ A section pick-off 39
41 4.9: A B pick-off A C β + A D A B C D 4.10: B pick-off pick-off Ps pick-off 4.21 TQ time vs energy 4.22 fitting τ normal = ± C τ not heated = ±
42 Time vs. Energy in NaI h0_te Entries Mean x Mean y RMS x 195 RMS y : B-Time vs Energy Decay Time of ortho positrons 300 h0_t_ortho Entries Mean RMS : B lifetime-fitting 41
43 Time vs. Energy in NaI h0_te Entries Mean x Mean y RMS x RMS y : C-Time vs Energy Decay Time of ortho positrons h0_t_ortho Entries Mean RMS : C lifetime-fitting 42
44 4.5.3 D β + β + Ps τ no taget = ± Time vs. Energy in NaI h0_te Entries Mean x Mean y RMS x RMS y : D-Time vs Energy 4.11: TQ A ± 6.08 B ± 7.87 C ± 6.30 D ±
45 Decay Time of ortho positrons h2_t_ortho Entries Mean RMS : D lifetime-fitting 44
46 5 5.1 TD- Ccalibration TQ pick-off pick-off pick-off NaI2 NaI3 NaI q = (x 1, x 2,..., x n ) x 1, x 2,..., x n σ x1, σ x2,..., σ xn q σ q σ q = ( q x 1 σ x1 ) 2 + ( q x 2 σ x2 ) ( q x n σ xn ) 2 (5.1) 5.2 TDCcalibration TQ (3.5.4),(4.12) ROOT fitting 5.3 pick-off Γ pick / Γ 3γ 45
47 N : 0 E 600 N 1 : 0 E 440 N b : base N b1 : N b 0 E 440 N 3γ : 3γ N pick : pick-off N pick : pick-off N 3γ : 3γ N T HR : THR ɛ 3γ : N T HR /(N T HR + N 3γ ) w,x,y u = Γ pick = 3N pick = 3 Γ 3γ 2N3γ 2 (1 ɛ 3γ) N pick = 3wx N 3γ 2y (5.2) w = 1 ɛ 3γ (5.3) x = N pick (5.4) y = N 3γ (5.5) N, N 1, N b, N b1 x = N N 1 N b1 N b (5.6) y = N 1N b N b1 (5.7) ɛ 3γ = N T HR N T HR + y (5.8) Q σ Q 5.1 σ x = ± N 1N ( b N ) b1 2 σ ( σ ) Nb1 2 ( σ ) Nb 2 ( σ ) N1 2 N (5.9) N b1 N 1 N b N b1 N b N 1 σ y = ± N 1N ( b σ ) N1 2 ( σ ) Nb 2 ( σ ) Nb (5.10) N b1 N 1 N b N b1 ( σ ) x 2 σ u = ± ( σ ) y 2 + (5.11) x y A A N, N 1, N b, N b1 46
48 5.1: N N 1 N T HR 100 T T T T T T T T : σn σ N1 σ Γpick /Γ 3γ 100 T T T T T T T T : base N b σn b N b1 σ Nb
49 gamma_pick/gamma_3gamma vs time 0.28 χ 2 / ndf / 2 p ± 1 p e+07 ± p ± : pick-off (5.11) (5.1) (5.12) fitting p q Γ pick /Γ 3γ = p exp( t q ) + r (5.12) p = ± (5.13) q = ± (5.14) r = ± (5.15) Γ pick / Γ 3γ N(t) = N 0 exp( 1 τ 3γ (t pq exp( t/q))) + B (5.16) τ 3γ = ± 6.00[ ns] (5.17) 48
50 6 6.1 TQ pick-off 10 (1) (2) (3) 6.1 NaI 49
51 6.1: ( min 1 ) error (1) (2) (3) TQ pick-off spin TQ cm pick-off pick-off 4.8 Γ pick /Γ 3γ NaI 50
52 pick-off Threshold pick-off Threshold Thr pick-off Thr. discri Thr. Thr. Hi-Vol gain photomul 1300V divider amp photomul divider Thr. amp Thr. BG BG Thr. Thr. Na Thr. Thr. 51
53 6.2.2 NaI3 4.9 NaI BG NaI BG NaI BG fitting pick-off BG BG BG 3 γ NaI coinsidence BG BG BG NaI 52
54 BG pick-off pick-off A 53
55 54
56 [1],,, [2],.F., [3] Michael A. Stroscio Positronium: A review of the theory o-ps p- Ps decay rate Feynmen diagrams [4] S.Weinberg Quantun theory of fields 1 [5] Gregory S.Adkins Radiative Corrections to Positronium Decay 55
目次 2 1. イントロダクション 2. 実験原理 3. データ取得 4. データ解析 5. 結果 考察 まとめ
オルソポジトロニウムの寿命測定による QED の実験的検証 課題演習 A2 2016 年後期 大田力也鯉渕駿龍澤誠之 羽田野真友喜松尾一輝三野裕哉 目次 2 1. イントロダクション 2. 実験原理 3. データ取得 4. データ解析 5. 結果 考察 まとめ 第 1 章イントロダクション 実験の目的 4 ポジトロニウム ( 後述 ) の崩壊を観測 オルソポジトロニウム ( スピン 1 状態 ) の寿命を測定
2005 4 18 3 31 1 1 8 1.1.................................. 8 1.2............................... 8 1.3.......................... 8 1.4.............................. 9 1.5.............................. 9
Mｏｔｔ散乱によるParity対称性の破れを検証
Mott Parity P2 Mott target Mott Parity Parity Γ = 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 t P P ),,, ( 3 2 1 0 1 γ γ γ γ γ γ ν ν µ µ = = Γ 1 : : : Γ P P P P x x P ν ν µ µ vector axial vector ν ν µ µ γ γ Γ ν γ
soturon.dvi
Stopped Muon 94S2003J 11 3 10 1 2 2 3 2.1 Muon : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 3 2.2 : : : : : : : : 4 2.3 : : : : : : : : : : : : : 6 3 7 3.1 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
Muon Muon Muon lif
2005 2005 3 23 1 2 2 2 2.1 Muon.......................................... 2 2.2 Muon........................... 2 2.3................................. 3 2.4 Muon life time.........................................
2015/3/18
2015/3/18 1 1 1.1 Overview.................................................... 1 1.1.1....................................... 1 1.1.2......................................... 1 1.1.3 C.............................................
1 1 (proton, p) (neutron, n) (uud), (udd) u ( ) d ( ) u d ( ) 1: 2: /2 1 0 ( ) ( 2) 0 (γ) 0 (g) ( fm) W Z 0 0 β( )
( ) TA 2234 oda@phys.kyushu-u.ac.jp TA (M1) 2161 sumi@epp.phys.kyushu-u.ac.jp TA (M1) 2161 takada@epp.phys.kyushu-u.ac.jp TA (M1) 2254 tanaka@epp.phys.kyushu-u.ac.jp µ ( ) 1 2 1.1...............................................
positron 1930 Dirac 1933 Anderson m 22Na(hl=2.6years), 58Co(hl=71days), 64Cu(hl=12hour) 68Ge(hl=288days) MeV : thermalization m psec 100
positron 1930 Dirac 1933 Anderson m 22Na(hl=2.6years), 58Co(hl=71days), 64Cu(hl=12hour) 68Ge(hl=288days) 0.5 1.5MeV : thermalization 10 100 m psec 100psec nsec E total = 2mc 2 + E e + + E e Ee+ Ee-c mc
thesis.dvi
3 17 03SA210A 2005 3 1 introduction 1 1.1 Positronium............ 1 1.2 Positronium....................... 4 1.2.1 moderation....................... 5 1.2.2..................... 6 1.2.3...................
[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] ADC
![[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] ADC](/thumbs/91/107208011.jpg "[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] ADC")
[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] ADC BS1 m1 PMT m2 BS2 PMT1 PMT ADC PMT2 α PMT α α = n ω n n Pn TMath::Poisson(x,[0]) 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 λ 1.5 ω n 2 = ( α 2 ) n n! e α 2 α 2 = λ = λn n! e λ Poisson Pn 0.1
2004 A1 10 4 1 2 2 3 2.1................................................ 3 2.2............................................. 4 2.3.................................................. 5 2.3.1.......................
25 3 4
25 3 4 1 µ e + ν e +ν µ µ + e + +ν e + ν µ e e + TAC START STOP START veto START (2.04 ± 0.18)µs 1/2 STOP (2.09 ± 0.11)µs 1/8 G F /( c) 3 (1.21±0.09) 5 /GeV 2 (1.19±0.05) 5 /GeV 2 Weinberg θ W sin θ W
( ) Note (e ) (µ ) (τ ) ( (ν e,e ) e- (ν µ, µ ) µ- (ν τ,τ ) τ- ) ( ) ( ) (SU(2) ) (W +,Z 0,W ) * 1) 3 * 2) [ ] [ ] [ ] ν e ν µ ν τ e
![( ) Note (e ) (µ ) (τ ) ( (ν e,e ) e- (ν µ, µ ) µ- (ν τ,τ ) τ- ) ( ) ( ) (SU(2) ) (W +,Z 0,W ) * 1) 3 * 2) [ ] [ ] [ ] ν e ν µ ν τ e](/thumbs/98/136160482.jpg "( ) Note (e ) (µ ) (τ ) ( (ν e,e ) e- (ν µ, µ ) µ- (ν τ,τ ) τ- ) ( ) ( ) (SU(2) ) (W +,Z 0,W ) * 1) 3 * 2) [ ] [ ] [ ] ν e ν µ ν τ e")
( ) Note 3 19 12 13 8 8.1 (e ) (µ ) (τ ) ( (ν e,e ) e- (ν µ, µ ) µ- (ν τ,τ ) τ- ) ( ) ( ) (SU(2) ) (W +,Z 0,W ) * 1) 3 * 2) [ ] [ ] [ ] ν e ν µ ν τ e µ τ, e R, µ R, τ R (1a) L ( ) ) * 3) W Z 1/2 ( - )
Drift Chamber
Quench Gas Drift Chamber 23 25 1 2 5 2.1 Drift Chamber.............................................. 5 2.2.............................................. 6 2.2.1..............................................
TOP URL 1
TOP URL http://amonphys.web.fc.com/ 3.............................. 3.............................. 4.3 4................... 5.4........................ 6.5........................ 8.6...........................7
Λ (Λ ) Λ (Ge) Hyperball γ ΛN J-PARC Λ dead time J-PARC flash ADC 1 dead time ( ) 1 µsec 3
19 Λ (Λ ) Λ (Ge) Hyperball γ ΛN J-PARC Λ dead time J-PARC flash ADC 1 dead time ( ) 1 µsec 3 1 1 1.1 γ ΛN................. 1 1.2 KEK J-PARC................................ 2 1.2.1 J-PARC....................................
untitled
BELLE TOP 12 1 3 2 BELLE 4 2.1 BELLE........................... 4 2.1.1......................... 4 2.1.2 B B........................ 7 2.1.3 B CP............... 8 2.2 BELLE...................... 9 2.3
TOP URL 1
TOP URL http://amonphys.web.fc.com/ 1 19 3 19.1................... 3 19.............................. 4 19.3............................... 6 19.4.............................. 8 19.5.............................
W 1983 W ± Z cm 10 cm 50 MeV TAC - ADC ADC [ (µs)] = [] (2.08 ± 0.36) 10 6 s 3 χ µ + µ 8 = (1.20 ± 0.1) 10 5 (Ge
![W 1983 W ± Z cm 10 cm 50 MeV TAC - ADC ADC [ (µs)] = [] (2.08 ± 0.36) 10 6 s 3 χ µ + µ 8 = (1.20 ± 0.1) 10 5 (Ge](/thumbs/91/105929864.jpg "W 1983 W ± Z cm 10 cm 50 MeV TAC - ADC ADC [ (µs)] = [] (2.08 ± 0.36) 10 6 s 3 χ µ + µ 8 = (1.20 ± 0.1) 10 5 (Ge")
22 2 24 W 1983 W ± Z 0 3 10 cm 10 cm 50 MeV TAC - ADC 65000 18 ADC [ (µs)] = 0.0207[] 0.0151 (2.08 ± 0.36) 10 6 s 3 χ 2 2 1 20 µ + µ 8 = (1.20 ± 0.1) 10 5 (GeV) 2 G µ ( hc) 3 1 1 7 1.1.............................
Donald Carl J. Choi, β ( )
:: α β γ 200612296 20 10 17 1 3 2 α 3 2.1................................... 3 2.2................................... 4 2.3....................................... 6 2.4.......................................
201711grade1ouyou.pdf
2017 11 26 1 2 52 3 12 13 22 23 32 33 42 3 5 3 4 90 5 6 A 1 2 Web Web 3 4 1 2... 5 6 7 7 44 8 9 1 2 3 1 p p >2 2 A 1 2 0.6 0.4 0.52... (a) 0.6 0.4...... B 1 2 0.8-0.2 0.52..... (b) 0.6 0.52.... 1 A B 2
Note.tex 2008/09/19( )
1 20 9 19 2 1 5 1.1........................ 5 1.2............................. 8 2 9 2.1............................. 9 2.2.............................. 10 3 13 3.1.............................. 13 3.2..................................
医系の統計入門第 2 版 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. このサンプルページの内容は, 第 2 版 1 刷発行時のものです.
医系の統計入門第 2 版 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. http://www.morikita.co.jp/books/mid/009192 このサンプルページの内容は, 第 2 版 1 刷発行時のものです. i 2 t 1. 2. 3 2 3. 6 4. 7 5. n 2 ν 6. 2 7. 2003 ii 2 2013 10 iii 1987
- γ 1929 γ - SI γ 137 Cs 662 kev γ NaI active target NaI γ NaI 2 NaI γ NaI(Tl) γ 2 NaI γ γ γ
- 28 2 15 - γ 1929 γ - SI γ 137 Cs 662 kev γ NaI active target NaI γ NaI 2 NaI γ NaI(Tl) γ 2 NaI γ γ 10 3 4 γ 1 3 2 γ 5 2.1..................................... 5 2.1.1.................... 5 2.1.2..............................
LLG-R8.Nisus.pdf
d M d t = γ M H + α M d M d t M γ [ 1/ ( Oe sec) ] α γ γ = gµ B h g g µ B h / π γ g = γ = 1.76 10 [ 7 1/ ( Oe sec) ] α α = λ γ λ λ λ α γ α α H α = γ H ω ω H α α H K K H K / M 1 1 > 0 α 1 M > 0 γ α γ =
SPECT(Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography ) SPECT FWHM 3 4mm [] MPPC SPECT MPPC LSO 6mm 67.5 photo electron 78% kev γ 4.6 photo electron SPECT
![SPECT(Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography ) SPECT FWHM 3 4mm [] MPPC SPECT MPPC LSO 6mm 67.5 photo electron 78% kev γ 4.6 photo electron SPECT](/thumbs/92/110123587.jpg "SPECT(Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography ) SPECT FWHM 3 4mm [] MPPC SPECT MPPC LSO 6mm 67.5 photo electron 78% kev γ 4.6 photo electron SPECT")
3 SPECT SJ SPECT(Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography ) SPECT FWHM 3 4mm [] MPPC SPECT MPPC LSO 6mm 67.5 photo electron 78% kev γ 4.6 photo electron SPECT 9ch MPPC array 3 3 9 3 3 9.mm(sigma) . SPECT..................................................................3............
B
B07557 0 0 (AGN) AGN AGN X X AGN AGN Geant4 AGN X X X (AGN) AGN AGN X AGN. AGN AGN Seyfert Seyfert Seyfert AGN 94 Carl Seyfert Seyfert Seyfert z < 0. Seyfert I II I 000 km/s 00 km/s II AGN (BLR) (NLR)
CdTe γ 02cb059e :
CdTe γ 02cb059e : 2006 5 2 i 1 1 1.1............................................ 1 1.2............................................. 2 1.3............................................. 2 2 3 2.1....................................
July 28, H H 0 H int = H H 0 H int = H int (x)d 3 x Schrödinger Picture Ψ(t) S =e iht Ψ H O S Heisenberg Picture Ψ H O H (t) =e iht O S e i
July 8, 4. H H H int H H H int H int (x)d 3 x Schrödinger Picture Ψ(t) S e iht Ψ H O S Heisenberg Picture Ψ H O H (t) e iht O S e iht Interaction Picture Ψ(t) D e iht Ψ(t) S O D (t) e iht O S e ih t (Dirac
微分積分 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行時のものです.
微分積分 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. ttp://www.morikita.co.jp/books/mid/00571 このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行時のものです. i ii 014 10 iii [note] 1 3 iv 4 5 3 6 4 x 0 sin x x 1 5 6 z = f(x, y) 1 y = f(x)
nenmatsu5c19_web.key
KL π ± e νe + e - (Ke3ee) Ke3ee ν e + e - Ke3 K 0 γ e + π - Ke3 KL ; 40.67(%) Ke3ee K 0 ν γ e + π - Ke3 KL ; 40.67(%) Me + e - 10 4 10 3 10 2 : MC Ke3γ : data K L real γ e detector matter e e 10 1 0 0.02
.2 ρ dv dt = ρk grad p + 3 η grad (divv) + η 2 v.3 divh = 0, rote + c H t = 0 dive = ρ, H = 0, E = ρ, roth c E t = c ρv E + H c t = 0 H c E t = c ρv T
NHK 204 2 0 203 2 24 ( ) 7 00 7 50 203 2 25 ( ) 7 00 7 50 203 2 26 ( ) 7 00 7 50 203 2 27 ( ) 7 00 7 50 I. ( ν R n 2 ) m 2 n m, R = e 2 8πε 0 hca B =.09737 0 7 m ( ν = ) λ a B = 4πε 0ħ 2 m e e 2 = 5.2977
,,..,. 1
016 9 3 6 0 016 1 0 1 10 1 1 17 1..,,..,. 1 1 c = h = G = ε 0 = 1. 1.1 L L T V 1.1. T, V. d dt L q i L q i = 0 1.. q i t L q i, q i, t L ϕ, ϕ, x µ x µ 1.3. ϕ x µ, L. S, L, L S = Ld 4 x 1.4 = Ld 3 xdt 1.5
23 1 Section ( ) ( ) ( 46 ) , 238( 235,238 U) 232( 232 Th) 40( 40 K, % ) (Rn) (Ra). 7( 7 Be) 14( 14 C) 22( 22 Na) (1 ) (2 ) 1 µ 2 4
23 1 Section 1.1 1 ( ) ( ) ( 46 ) 2 3 235, 238( 235,238 U) 232( 232 Th) 40( 40 K, 0.0118% ) (Rn) (Ra). 7( 7 Be) 14( 14 C) 22( 22 Na) (1 ) (2 ) 1 µ 2 4 2 ( )2 4( 4 He) 12 3 16 12 56( 56 Fe) 4 56( 56 Ni)
meiji_resume_1.PDF
β β β (q 1,q,..., q n ; p 1, p,..., p n ) H(q 1,q,..., q n ; p 1, p,..., p n ) Hψ = εψ ε k = k +1/ ε k = k(k 1) (x, y, z; p x, p y, p z ) (r; p r ), (θ; p θ ), (ϕ; p ϕ ) ε k = 1/ k p i dq i E total = E
ohpr.dvi
2003/12/04 TASK PAF A. Fukuyama et al., Comp. Phys. Rep. 4(1986) 137 A. Fukuyama et al., Nucl. Fusion 26(1986) 151 TASK/WM MHD ψ θ ϕ ψ θ e 1 = ψ, e 2 = θ, e 3 = ϕ ϕ E = E 1 e 1 + E 2 e 2 + E 3 e 3 J :
( ) ( )
20 21 2 8 1 2 2 3 21 3 22 3 23 4 24 5 25 5 26 6 27 8 28 ( ) 9 3 10 31 10 32 ( ) 12 4 13 41 0 13 42 14 43 0 15 44 17 5 18 6 18 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 2 2 21 t (x(t) y(t)) 2 x(t) y(t) γ(t) (x(t) y(t))
untitled
71 7 3,000 1 MeV t = 1 MeV = c 1 MeV c 200 MeV fm 1 MeV 3.0 10 8 10 15 fm/s 0.67 10 21 s (1) 1fm t = 1fm c 1fm 3.0 10 8 10 15 fm/s 0.33 10 23 s (2) 10 22 s 7.1 ( ) a + b + B(+X +...) (3) a b B( X,...)
Microsoft Word - 11問題表紙（選択）.docx
A B A.70g/cm 3 B.74g/cm 3 B C 70at% %A C B at% 80at% %B 350 C γ δ y=00 x-y ρ l S ρ C p k C p ρ C p T ρ l t l S S ξ S t = ( k T ) ξ ( ) S = ( k T) ( ) t y ξ S ξ / t S v T T / t = v T / y 00 x v S dy dx
25 7 18 1 1 1.1 v.s............................. 1 1.1.1.................................. 1 1.1.2................................. 1 1.1.3.................................. 3 1.2................... 3
80 4 r ˆρ i (r, t) δ(r x i (t)) (4.1) x i (t) ρ i ˆρ i t = 0 i r 0 t(> 0) j r 0 + r < δ(r 0 x i (0))δ(r 0 + r x j (t)) > (4.2) r r 0 G i j (r, t) dr 0
79 4 4.1 4.1.1 x i (t) x j (t) O O r 0 + r r r 0 x i (0) r 0 x i (0) 4.1 L. van. Hove 1954 space-time correlation function V N 4.1 ρ 0 = N/V i t 80 4 r ˆρ i (r, t) δ(r x i (t)) (4.1) x i (t) ρ i ˆρ i t
http://www.ike-dyn.ritsumei.ac.jp/ hyoo/wave.html 1 1, 5 3 1.1 1..................................... 3 1.2 5.1................................... 4 1.3.......................... 5 1.4 5.2, 5.3....................
1 2 1 a(=,incident particle A(target nucleus) b (projectile B( product nucleus, residual nucleus, ) ; a + A B + b a A B b 1: A(a,b)B A=B,a=b 2 1. ( 10
1 2 1 a(=,incident particle A(target nucleus) b (projectile B( product nucleus, residual nucleus, ) ; a + A B + b a A B b 1: A(a,b)B A=B,a=b 2 1. ( 10 14 m) ( 10 10 m) 2., 3 1 =reaction-text20181101b.tex
1 3 1.1 PET..................................... 3 1.1.1......................................... 3 1.1.2 PET................................. 4 1.2..
21 PET 06S2037G 2010 3 1 3 1.1 PET..................................... 3 1.1.1......................................... 3 1.1.2 PET................................. 4 1.2........................................
1 1 1 1-1 1 1-9 1-3 1-1 13-17 -3 6-4 6 3 3-1 35 3-37 3-3 38 4 4-1 39 4- Fe C TEM 41 4-3 C TEM 44 4-4 Fe TEM 46 4-5 5 4-6 5 5 51 6 5 1 1-1 1991 1,1 multiwall nanotube 1993 singlewall nanotube ( 1,) sp 7.4eV
: 2005 ( ρ t +dv j =0 r m m r = e E( r +e r B( r T 208 T = d E j 207 ρ t = = = e t δ( r r (t e r r δ( r r (t e r ( r δ( r r (t dv j =
72 Maxwell. Maxwell e r ( =,,N Maxwell rot E + B t = 0 rot H D t = j dv D = ρ dv B = 0 D = ɛ 0 E H = μ 0 B ρ( r = j( r = N e δ( r r = N e r δ( r r = : 2005 ( 2006.8.22 73 207 ρ t +dv j =0 r m m r = e E(
LHC ALICE (QGP) QGP QGP QGP QGP ω ϕ J/ψ ALICE s = ev + J/ψ
8 + J/ψ ALICE B597 : : : 9 LHC ALICE (QGP) QGP QGP QGP QGP ω ϕ J/ψ ALICE s = ev + J/ψ 6..................................... 6. (QGP)..................... 6.................................... 6.4..............................
(Compton Scattering) Beaming 1 exp [i (k x ωt)] k λ k = 2π/λ ω = 2πν k = ω/c k x ωt ( ω ) k α c, k k x ωt η αβ k α x β diag( + ++) x β = (ct, x) O O x
![(Compton Scattering) Beaming 1 exp [i (k x ωt)] k λ k = 2π/λ ω = 2πν k = ω/c k x ωt ( ω ) k α c, k k x ωt η αβ k α x β diag( + ++) x β = (ct, x) O O x](/thumbs/104/162595168.jpg "(Compton Scattering) Beaming 1 exp [i (k x ωt)] k λ k = 2π/λ ω = 2πν k = ω/c k x ωt ( ω ) k α c, k k x ωt η αβ k α x β diag( + ++) x β = (ct, x) O O x")
Compton Scattering Beaming exp [i k x ωt] k λ k π/λ ω πν k ω/c k x ωt ω k α c, k k x ωt η αβ k α x β diag + ++ x β ct, x O O x O O v k α k α β, γ k γ k βk, k γ k + βk k γ k k, k γ k + βk 3 k k 4 k 3 k
Dirac 38 5 Dirac 4 4 γ µ p µ p µ + m 2 = ( p µ γ µ + m)(p ν γ ν + m) (5.1) γ = p µ p ν γ µ γ ν p µ γ µ m + mp ν γ ν + m 2 = 1 2 p µp ν {γ µ, γ ν } + m
Dirac 38 5 Dirac 4 4 γ µ p µ p µ + m 2 p µ γ µ + mp ν γ ν + m 5.1 γ p µ p ν γ µ γ ν p µ γ µ m + mp ν γ ν + m 2 1 2 p µp ν {γ µ, γ ν } + m 2 5.2 p m p p µ γ µ {, } 10 γ {γ µ, γ ν } 2η µν 5.3 p µ γ µ + mp
( )
7..-8..8.......................................................................... 4.................................... 3...................................... 3..3.................................. 4.3....................................
講義ノート 物性研究 電子版 Vol.3 No.1, (2013 年 T c µ T c Kammerlingh Onnes 77K ρ 5.8µΩcm 4.2K ρ 10 4 µωcm σ 77K ρ 4.2K σ σ = ne 2 τ/m τ 77K
2 2 T c µ T c 1 1.1 1911 Kammerlingh Onnes 77K ρ 5.8µΩcm 4.2K ρ 1 4 µωcm σ 77K ρ 4.2K σ σ = ne 2 τ/m τ 77K τ 4.2K σ 58 213 email:takada@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp 1933 Meissner Ochsenfeld λ = 1 5 cm B = χ B =
SFGÇÃÉXÉyÉNÉgÉãå`.pdf
SFG 1 SFG SFG I SFG (ω) χ SFG (ω). SFG χ χ SFG (ω) = χ NR e iϕ +. ω ω + iγ SFG φ = ±π/, χ φ = ±π 3 χ SFG χ SFG = χ NR + χ (ω ω ) + Γ + χ NR χ (ω ω ) (ω ω ) + Γ cosϕ χ NR χ Γ (ω ω ) + Γ sinϕ. 3 (θ) 180
main.dvi
CeF 3 1 1 3 1.1 KEK E391a... 3 1.1.1 KL 0 π0 νν... 3 1.1.2 E391a... 4 1.1.3... 5 1.2... 6 2 8 2.1... 8 2.2... 10 2.3 CeF 3... 12 2.4... 13 3 15 3.1... 15 3.2... 15 3.3... 18 3.4... 22 4 23 4.1... 23 4.2...
keisoku01.dvi
2.,, Mon, 2006, 401, SAGA, JAPAN Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Saga Univ., JAPAN 4 Mon, 2006, 401, SAGA, JAPAN Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Saga Univ., JAPAN 5 Mon, 2006, 401, SAGA, JAPAN Dept.
A
A04-164 2008 2 13 1 4 1.1.......................................... 4 1.2..................................... 4 1.3..................................... 4 1.4..................................... 5 2
64 3 g=9.85 m/s 2 g=9.791 m/s 2 36, km ( ) 1 () 2 () m/s : : a) b) kg/m kg/m k
63 3 Section 3.1 g 3.1 3.1: : 64 3 g=9.85 m/s 2 g=9.791 m/s 2 36, km ( ) 1 () 2 () 3 9.8 m/s 2 3.2 3.2: : a) b) 5 15 4 1 1. 1 3 14. 1 3 kg/m 3 2 3.3 1 3 5.8 1 3 kg/m 3 3 2.65 1 3 kg/m 3 4 6 m 3.1. 65 5
読めば必ずわかる 分散分析の基礎 第２版
2 2003 12 5 ( ) ( ) 2 I 3 1 3 2 2? 6 3 11 4? 12 II 14 5 15 6 16 7 17 8 19 9 21 10 22 11 F 25 12 : 1 26 3 I 1 17 11 x 1, x 2,, x n x( ) x = 1 n n i=1 x i 12 (SD ) x 1, x 2,, x n s 2 s 2 = 1 n n (x i x)
2.2 h h l L h L = l cot h (1) (1) L l L l l = L tan h (2) (2) L l 2 l 3 h 2.3 a h a h (a, h)
1 16 10 5 1 2 2.1 a a a 1 1 1 2.2 h h l L h L = l cot h (1) (1) L l L l l = L tan h (2) (2) L l 2 l 3 h 2.3 a h a h (a, h) 4 2 3 4 2 5 2.4 x y (x,y) l a x = l cot h cos a, (3) y = l cot h sin a (4) h a
φ 4 Minimal subtraction scheme 2-loop ε 2008 (University of Tokyo) (Atsuo Kuniba) version 21/Apr/ Formulas Γ( n + ɛ) = ( 1)n (1 n! ɛ + ψ(n + 1)
φ 4 Minimal subtraction scheme 2-loop ε 28 University of Tokyo Atsuo Kuniba version 2/Apr/28 Formulas Γ n + ɛ = n n! ɛ + ψn + + Oɛ n =,, 2, ψn + = + 2 + + γ, 2 n ψ = γ =.5772... Euler const, log + ax x
目次 1. 目的 2. 原理 2-1オルソポジトロニウムの性質 2-2 寿命の測定 2-3ポジトロニウムの反応 3. 装置と方法 3-1 実験装置 3-2 実験方法 3-3 装置のセットアップ 3-4 回路の配線 3-5TDC による時間測定 3-6 実験環境 4. 結果 解析 4-1ADC キャリ
オルソポジトロニウムの 寿命測定 京都大学理学部 2009 年度前期課題演習 A2 宇田拓史江川弘行菊地悠栗村朋橋本敏和 目次 1. 目的 2. 原理 2-1オルソポジトロニウムの性質 2-2 寿命の測定 2-3ポジトロニウムの反応 3. 装置と方法 3-1 実験装置 3-2 実験方法 3-3 装置のセットアップ 3-4 回路の配線 3-5TDC による時間測定 3-6 実験環境 4. 結果 解析
1 (Berry,1975) 2-6 p (S πr 2 )p πr 2 p 2πRγ p p = 2γ R (2.5).1-1 : : : : ( ).2 α, β α, β () X S = X X α X β (.1) 1 2
2005 9/8-11 2 2.2 ( 2-5) γ ( ) γ cos θ 2πr πρhr 2 g h = 2γ cos θ ρgr (2.1) γ = ρgrh (2.2) 2 cos θ θ cos θ = 1 (2.2) γ = 1 ρgrh (2.) 2 2. p p ρgh p ( ) p p = p ρgh (2.) h p p = 2γ r 1 1 (Berry,1975) 2-6
TOP URL 1
TOP URL http://amonphys.web.fc2.com/ 1 30 3 30.1.............. 3 30.2........................... 4 30.3...................... 5 30.4........................ 6 30.5.................................. 8 30.6...............................
[1] convention Minkovski i Polchinski [2] 1 Clifford Spin 1 2 Euclid Clifford 2 3 Euclid Spin 6 4 Euclid Pin Clifford Spin 10 A 12 B 17 1 Cliffo
![[1] convention Minkovski i Polchinski [2] 1 Clifford Spin 1 2 Euclid Clifford 2 3 Euclid Spin 6 4 Euclid Pin Clifford Spin 10 A 12 B 17 1 Cliffo](/thumbs/101/149329436.jpg "[1] convention Minkovski i Polchinski [2] 1 Clifford Spin 1 2 Euclid Clifford 2 3 Euclid Spin 6 4 Euclid Pin Clifford Spin 10 A 12 B 17 1 Cliffo")
[1] convention Minkovski i Polchinski [2] 1 Clifford Spin 1 2 Euclid Clifford 2 3 Euclid Spin 6 4 Euclid Pin + 8 5 Clifford Spin 10 A 12 B 17 1 Clifford Spin D Euclid Clifford Γ µ, µ = 1,, D {Γ µ, Γ ν
1 1.1 ( ). z = a + bi, a, b R 0 a, b 0 a 2 + b 2 0 z = a + bi = ( ) a 2 + b 2 a a 2 + b + b 2 a 2 + b i 2 r = a 2 + b 2 θ cos θ = a a 2 + b 2, sin θ =
1 1.1 ( ). z = + bi,, b R 0, b 0 2 + b 2 0 z = + bi = ( ) 2 + b 2 2 + b + b 2 2 + b i 2 r = 2 + b 2 θ cos θ = 2 + b 2, sin θ = b 2 + b 2 2π z = r(cos θ + i sin θ) 1.2 (, ). 1. < 2. > 3. ±,, 1.3 ( ). A
main.dvi
SGC - 48 208X Y Z Z 2006 1930 β Z 2006! 1 2 3 Z 1930 SGC -12, 2001 5 6 http://www.saiensu.co.jp/support.htm http://www.shinshu-u.ac.jp/ haru/ xy.z :-P 3 4 2006 3 ii 1 1 1.1... 1 1.2 1930... 1 1.3 1930...
3 1 4 1.1......................... 4 1.1.1....................... 4 1.1.2.................. 4 1.1.3 Coulomb potential.............. 5 1.2.............
Fe muonic atom X 25 5 21 3 1 4 1.1......................... 4 1.1.1....................... 4 1.1.2.................. 4 1.1.3 Coulomb potential.............. 5 1.2.......................... 6 1.2.1...................
(iii) 0 V, x V, x + 0 = x. 0. (iv) x V, y V, x + y = 0., y x, y = x. (v) 1x = x. (vii) (α + β)x = αx + βx. (viii) (αβ)x = α(βx)., V, C.,,., (1)
1. 1.1...,. 1.1.1 V, V x, y, x y x + y x + y V,, V x α, αx αx V,, (i) (viii) : x, y, z V, α, β C, (i) x + y = y + x. (ii) (x + y) + z = x + (y + z). 1 (iii) 0 V, x V, x + 0 = x. 0. (iv) x V, y V, x + y
ｎｓｇ０４－２８／ｋｙ２０８６８４３５６１０００４３０７７
δ!!! μ μ μ γ UBE3A Ube3a Ube3a δ !!!! α α α α α α α α α α μ μ α β α β β !!!!!!!! μ! Suncus murinus μ Ω! π μ Ω in vivo! μ μ μ!!! ! in situ! in vivo δ δ !!!!!!!!!! ! in vivo Orexin-Arch Orexin-Arch !!
研修コーナー
l l l l l l l l l l l α α β l µ l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
H 0 H = H 0 + V (t), V (t) = gµ B S α qb e e iωt i t Ψ(t) = [H 0 + V (t)]ψ(t) Φ(t) Ψ(t) = e ih0t Φ(t) H 0 e ih0t Φ(t) + ie ih0t t Φ(t) = [
![H 0 H = H 0 + V (t), V (t) = gµ B S α qb e e iωt i t Ψ(t) = [H 0 + V (t)]ψ(t) Φ(t) Ψ(t) = e ih0t Φ(t) H 0 e ih0t Φ(t) + ie ih0t t Φ(t) = [](/thumbs/99/141438442.jpg "H 0 H = H 0 + V (t), V (t) = gµ B S α qb e e iωt i t Ψ(t) = [H 0 + V (t)]ψ(t) Φ(t) Ψ(t) = e ih0t Φ(t) H 0 e ih0t Φ(t) + ie ih0t t Φ(t) = [")
3 3. 3.. H H = H + V (t), V (t) = gµ B α B e e iωt i t Ψ(t) = [H + V (t)]ψ(t) Φ(t) Ψ(t) = e iht Φ(t) H e iht Φ(t) + ie iht t Φ(t) = [H + V (t)]e iht Φ(t) Φ(t) i t Φ(t) = V H(t)Φ(t), V H (t) = e iht V (t)e
No δs δs = r + δr r = δr (3) δs δs = r r = δr + u(r + δr, t) u(r, t) (4) δr = (δx, δy, δz) u i (r + δr, t) u i (r, t) = u i x j δx j (5) δs 2
No.2 1 2 2 δs δs = r + δr r = δr (3) δs δs = r r = δr + u(r + δr, t) u(r, t) (4) δr = (δx, δy, δz) u i (r + δr, t) u i (r, t) = u i δx j (5) δs 2 = δx i δx i + 2 u i δx i δx j = δs 2 + 2s ij δx i δx j
18 I ( ) (1) I-1,I-2,I-3 (2) (3) I-1 ( ) (100 ) θ ϕ θ ϕ m m l l θ ϕ θ ϕ 2 g (1) (2) 0 (3) θ ϕ (4) (3) θ(t) = A 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + A 2 cos(ω 2 t + α
18 I ( ) (1) I-1,I-2,I-3 (2) (3) I-1 ( ) (100 ) θ ϕ θ ϕ m m l l θ ϕ θ ϕ 2 g (1) (2) 0 (3) θ ϕ (4) (3) θ(t) = A 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + A 2 cos(ω 2 t + α 2 ), ϕ(t) = B 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + B 2 cos(ω 2 t
rcnp01may-2
E22 RCP Ring-Cyclotron 97 953 K beam K-atom HF X K, +,K + e,e K + -spectroscopy OK U U I= First-order -exchange - coupling I= U LS U LS Meson-exchange model /5/ I= Symmetric LS Anti-symmetric LS ( σ Λ
29 1 6 1 1 1.1 1.1 1.1( ) 1.1( ) 1.1: 2 1.2 1.2( ) 4 4 1 2,3,4 1 2 1 2 1.2: 1,2,3,4 a 1 2a 6 2 2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1.2( ) 4 1.2( ) 3 1.2( ) 1.3 1.3 1.3: 4 1.4 1.4 1.4: 1.5 1.5 1 2 1 a a R = l a l 5 R = l a +
.5 z = a + b + c n.6 = a sin t y = b cos t dy d a e e b e + e c e e e + e 3 s36 3 a + y = a, b > b 3 s363.7 y = + 3 y = + 3 s364.8 cos a 3 s365.9 y =,
[ ] IC. r, θ r, θ π, y y = 3 3 = r cos θ r sin θ D D = {, y ; y }, y D r, θ ep y yddy D D 9 s96. d y dt + 3dy + y = cos t dt t = y = e π + e π +. t = π y =.9 s6.3 d y d + dy d + y = y =, dy d = 3 a, b
II ( ) (7/31) II ( [ (3.4)] Navier Stokes [ (6/29)] Navier Stokes 3 [ (6/19)] Re
![II ( ) (7/31) II ( [ (3.4)] Navier Stokes [ (6/29)] Navier Stokes 3 [ (6/19)] Re](/thumbs/94/118770263.jpg "II ( ) (7/31) II ( [ (3.4)] Navier Stokes [ (6/29)] Navier Stokes 3 [ (6/19)] Re")
II 29 7 29-7-27 ( ) (7/31) II (http://www.damp.tottori-u.ac.jp/~ooshida/edu/fluid/) [ (3.4)] Navier Stokes [ (6/29)] Navier Stokes 3 [ (6/19)] Reynolds [ (4.6), (45.8)] [ p.186] Navier Stokes I Euler Navier
,. Black-Scholes u t t, x c u 0 t, x x u t t, x c u t, x x u t t, x + σ x u t, x + rx ut, x rux, t 0 x x,,.,. Step 3, 7,,, Step 6., Step 4,. Step 5,,.
9 α ν β Ξ ξ Γ γ o δ Π π ε ρ ζ Σ σ η τ Θ θ Υ υ ι Φ φ κ χ Λ λ Ψ ψ µ Ω ω Def, Prop, Th, Lem, Note, Remark, Ex,, Proof, R, N, Q, C [a, b {x R : a x b} : a, b {x R : a < x < b} : [a, b {x R : a x < b} : a,
, 3, 6 = 3, 3,,,, 3,, 9, 3, 9, 3, 3, 4, 43, 4, 3, 9, 6, 6,, 0 p, p, p 3,..., p n N = p p p 3 p n + N p n N p p p, p 3,..., p n p, p,..., p n N, 3,,,,
6,,3,4,, 3 4 8 6 6................................. 6.................................. , 3, 6 = 3, 3,,,, 3,, 9, 3, 9, 3, 3, 4, 43, 4, 3, 9, 6, 6,, 0 p, p, p 3,..., p n N = p p p 3 p n + N p n N p p p,
t = h x z z = h z = t (x, z) (v x (x, z, t), v z (x, z, t)) ρ v x x + v z z = 0 (1) 2-2. (v x, v z ) φ(x, z, t) v x = φ x, v z
I 1 m 2 l k 2 x = 0 x 1 x 1 2 x 2 g x x 2 x 1 m k m 1-1. L x 1, x 2, ẋ 1, ẋ 2 ẋ 1 x = 0 1-2. 2 Q = x 1 + x 2 2 q = x 2 x 1 l L Q, q, Q, q M = 2m µ = m 2 1-3. Q q 1-4. 2 x 2 = h 1 x 1 t = 0 2 1 t x 1 (t)
x 3 a (mod p) ( ). a, b, m Z a b m a b (mod m) a b m 2.2 (Z/mZ). a = {x x a (mod m)} a Z m 0, 1... m 1 Z/mZ = {0, 1... m 1} a + b = a +
1 1 22 1 x 3 (mod ) 2 2.1 ( )., b, m Z b m b (mod m) b m 2.2 (Z/mZ). = {x x (mod m)} Z m 0, 1... m 1 Z/mZ = {0, 1... m 1} + b = + b, b = b Z/mZ 1 1 Z Q R Z/Z 2.3 ( ). m {x 0, x 1,..., x m 1 } modm 2.4
V(x) m e V 0 cos x π x π V(x) = x < π, x > π V 0 (i) x = 0 (V(x) V 0 (1 x 2 /2)) n n d 2 f dξ 2ξ d f 2 dξ + 2n f = 0 H n (ξ) (ii) H
199 1 1 199 1 1. Vx) m e V cos x π x π Vx) = x < π, x > π V i) x = Vx) V 1 x /)) n n d f dξ ξ d f dξ + n f = H n ξ) ii) H n ξ) = 1) n expξ ) dn dξ n exp ξ )) H n ξ)h m ξ) exp ξ )dξ = π n n!δ n,m x = Vx)
磁性物理学 - 遷移金属化合物磁性のスピンゆらぎ理論
email: takahash@sci.u-hyogo.ac.jp May 14, 2009 Outline 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 2 / 262 Today s Lecture: Mode-mode Coupling Theory 100 / 262 Part I Effects of Non-linear Mode-Mode Coupling Effects of Non-linear
液晶の物理１：連続体理論（弾性，粘性）
The Physics of Liquid Crystals P. G. de Gennes and J. Prost (Oxford University Press, 1993) Liquid crystals are beautiful and mysterious; I am fond of them for both reasons. My hope is that some readers
211 kotaro@math.titech.ac.jp 1 R *1 n n R n *2 R n = {(x 1,..., x n ) x 1,..., x n R}. R R 2 R 3 R n R n R n D D R n *3 ) (x 1,..., x n ) f(x 1,..., x n ) f D *4 n 2 n = 1 ( ) 1 f D R n f : D R 1.1. (x,
1 2 2 (Dielecrics) Maxwell ( ) D H
2003.02.13 1 2 2 (Dielecrics) 4 2.1... 4 2.2... 5 2.3... 6 2.4... 6 3 Maxwell ( ) 9 3.1... 9 3.2 D H... 11 3.3... 13 4 14 4.1... 14 4.2... 14 4.3... 17 4.4... 19 5 22 6 THz 24 6.1... 24 6.2... 25 7 26
I A A441 : April 21, 2014 Version : Kawahira, Tomoki TA (Kondo, Hirotaka ) Google
I4 - : April, 4 Version :. Kwhir, Tomoki TA (Kondo, Hirotk) Google http://www.mth.ngoy-u.c.jp/~kwhir/courses/4s-biseki.html pdf 4 4 4 4 8 e 5 5 9 etc. 5 6 6 6 9 n etc. 6 6 6 3 6 3 7 7 etc 7 4 7 7 8 5 59
D = [a, b] [c, d] D ij P ij (ξ ij, η ij ) f S(f,, {P ij }) S(f,, {P ij }) = = k m i=1 j=1 m n f(ξ ij, η ij )(x i x i 1 )(y j y j 1 ) = i=1 j
![D = [a, b] [c, d] D ij P ij (ξ ij, η ij ) f S(f,, {P ij }) S(f,, {P ij }) = = k m i=1 j=1 m n f(ξ ij, η ij )(x i x i 1 )(y j y j 1 ) = i=1 j](/thumbs/103/158001152.jpg "D = [a, b] [c, d] D ij P ij (ξ ij, η ij ) f S(f,, {P ij }) S(f,, {P ij }) = = k m i=1 j=1 m n f(ξ ij, η ij )(x i x i 1 )(y j y j 1 ) = i=1 j")
6 6.. [, b] [, d] ij P ij ξ ij, η ij f Sf,, {P ij } Sf,, {P ij } k m i j m fξ ij, η ij i i j j i j i m i j k i i j j m i i j j k i i j j kb d {P ij } lim Sf,, {P ij} kb d f, k [, b] [, d] f, d kb d 6..
Hanbury-Brown Twiss (ver. 2.0) van Cittert - Zernike mutual coherence
Hanbury-Brown Twiss (ver. 2.) 25 4 4 1 2 2 2 2.1 van Cittert - Zernike..................................... 2 2.2 mutual coherence................................. 4 3 Hanbury-Brown Twiss ( ) 5 3.1............................................
6 2 T γ T B (6.4) (6.1) [( d nm + 3 ] 2 nt B )a 3 + nt B da 3 = 0 (6.9) na 3 = T B V 3/2 = T B V γ 1 = const. or T B a 2 = const. (6.10) H 2 = 8π kc2
![6 2 T γ T B (6.4) (6.1) [( d nm + 3 ] 2 nt B )a 3 + nt B da 3 = 0 (6.9) na 3 = T B V 3/2 = T B V γ 1 = const. or T B a 2 = const. (6.10) H 2 = 8π kc2](/thumbs/92/109118076.jpg "6 2 T γ T B (6.4) (6.1) [( d nm + 3 ] 2 nt B )a 3 + nt B da 3 = 0 (6.9) na 3 = T B V 3/2 = T B V γ 1 = const. or T B a 2 = const. (6.10) H 2 = 8π kc2")
1 6 6.1 (??) (P = ρ rad /3) ρ rad T 4 d(ρv ) + PdV = 0 (6.1) dρ rad ρ rad + 4 da a = 0 (6.2) dt T + da a = 0 T 1 a (6.3) ( ) n ρ m = n (m + 12 ) m v2 = n (m + 32 ) T, P = nt (6.4) (6.1) d [(nm + 32 ] )a