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のぶあきいちぬの
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1 29 ABSTRACT Proposed Application of a Bone Density Measurement to the Evaluation of Athletes Talent We have been measuring and evaluating using various methods a degree of talent required for a good fencer. We consider that such talent to generally i mprove the athlete s competitiveness are related to the psychological and physical aspects. We have therefore performed our own improved measurement method referring to those used in France and other countries in order to study such talent from psychological and physical aspects. It is important not only to study such talent, but also to study a method to find the most talented athletes. In Europe, it is focused on the bone devel opment, etc. of infants and children to find prospective athletes. There is a large corr elation between the bone development and body sizes, and it is important to be awar e of the bone developing conditions during the puberty in order to plan a long-term t raining scheme.

2 30 As such, the bone density which influences sports abilities is generally measured by using X-ray. T. Otani of Doshisha University, Department of Technology are currently developing a bone mineral densitometry using the special character of ultrasonic waves. The result of his research was adopted as the project of the Japan Science and Technology Agency assigned to and developed by OYO Electric Co., Ltd. We studied the effectiveness of LD 100 and the impact of bone density measur ement on analysis of athletes talent from a sports science perspective, by measuring the bone density of athletes of both genders from Doshisha University s fencing, tennis and table tennis teams, focusing on the attenua tion of transmission wave, thickness of cortex, and volume fraction and elasticity of cancellous bone. As a result, we observed: 1 higher value of bone density for male, but almost the same value of firmness of cancellous bone for male and female. From this result, we may speculate that sports training provides a favorable influence on the bon e development of the female. 2 winners of the Japan Fencing National Championships have strong and firm bones on one hand, but on the other hand, they scored low on the elasticity of cancellous bone, thus may have soft cancellous bones. Whether such bone condition would be favorable for playing sports will be our next issue. Nevertheless, it was an interesting result. LD100 made the evaluation of bone elasticity possible, and we can expect that it possibly becomes an effective measuring instrument to study athletes talent. Keywords: Bone mineral density, Ultrasonic, Elasticity of cancellous bone, Ability and quality

3 31 LD

4 32 7 DIP

5 33 pqct 8 LD LD100 LD100 LD100

6 SOSspeed of sound BUAbroadband ultrasonic attenuation

7 35 LD100 L D100 LD LD100

8 36 LD dB 37.59dB dB 4.16GPa 38.81dB 3.86GPa

9 37 db GPa n n db GPa n n n db GPa n n db GPa n n db GPa n n

10 38 db GPa n n n n db GPa n n n n db GPa n n n n db GPa n n n n

11 GPa 3.39GPa 0.82GPa

12 db GPa db GPa dB GPa 0.79dB

13 GPa

14 42 LD LD

15 43 LD No. II p No. II p No. II 10 P No. II 11 p p p LESUER H, LE MENAGE D, POUX D, MARINI J FEvaluation des aptitude s requises pour la pratique en Escrime, p. 1317, Vol. 16 p A. Hosokawa and T. Otani: Ultrasonic wave propagation in bovine can-

16 44 cellous bone, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 101, p. 558, A. Hosokawa, T. Otani, T. Suzaki, Y. Kubo and S. Takai: In fluence of Trabecula r Structure on Ultrasonic Wave Propagation in Bovine Cancellous Bone, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36, p. 3233, A. Hosokawa and T. Otani: Acoustic anisotropy in bovine cancellous bone, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 103, p. 2718, T. Otani: Quantitative Estimation of Bone Density and Bone Quality Using Acoustic Parameters of Cancellous Bone for Fast and Slow Waves, Jpn. J. Ap pl. phys. Vol. 44, No. 6B, p , p Vol. 16 p Vol. 11 No. 11 p p

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16_.....E...._.I.v2006 55 1 18 Bull. Nara Univ. Educ., Vol. 55, No.1 (Cult. & Soc.), 2006 165 2002 * 18 Collaboration Between a School Athletic Club and a Community Sports Club A Case Study of SOLESTRELLA NARA 2002 Rie TAKAMURA