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1 1/26/ FTTH IP () ( ) 9 < 1.1 > % ICT(Information and Communications Technology) (OECD, 21, Understanding the Digital Divide) Norris(21) Wong(22) 1

2 Firth and Mellor(25) (Selwyn 22, Mariscal 25) Horrigan(22)Oxendine, et al.(23)it Gillet, Leur, and Osorio(24) Strover (23) Information Society vol.19 "Remapping the Digital Divide" Wilhelm (23) ICT ICT (leverage) Van Dijk and Hacker (23) 2 (mental access)(material access) (skills access) (usage access) Van Dijk and Hacker (23) FTTH 2

3 % 3Mbps 1.2 ADSLCATV FTTH FTTH 1 3

4 8% 54% FTTH < 1.2 > 1.3 FTTH < 1.3 > ( 3Mbps ) 9% 5 FWA+ 4

5 FTTH FTTH 25 3 FTTH 665, % 47 3 FTTH 8,91 2.1% 4 () FTTH FTTH FTTH % FTTH FTTH FTTH 1,926 (23 3 )ADSL % 32.4%

6 2 5, FTTH 1,224 ( 66%) 187 (15.3%) (23.%) 469 (38.3%) ( 1.1 ) 314,991 89, e NTT B ( 5,3 ) ( 4,4 ) FTTH 163 FTTH FTTH

7 1.3.2 FTTH NTT KDDIUSEN FTTH 26 1 FTTH FTTH FTTH FTTH FTTH FTTH 4 5 FTTH 17.8% 33.5% FTTH

8 1 5 FTTH 1.7 FTTH (1)(2) (3)(4)(5)IP (6) (7)(8)(9) (1)(2) (3)IP (4)(5)(6) (7)(8)(9) IP FTTH FTTH FTTH 1.4 8

9 FTTH FTTH FTTH (Revealed Preference Method, RPM) 5 FTTH FTTH Stated Preference Method, SPM 6 FTTH 7 () FTTH 1.1 3, 8, (1)() 5 RP Madden et al. (1999)Eisner and Waldon (21)Kridel et al. (21) Dufy-Deno (23)Ida and Kuroda (26)(24) 6 SP Madden and Simpson(1997)Savage and Waldman (25)Ida and Sato(24)Ida, Kinoshita, and Sato(26)(24) (25) 7 Fields and Kumar (22) FTTH 9

10 ,341, (IID) (CL)CL IID IIA NLNL CL Ben-Akiva, Bolduc, and Walker 21IIA (ML) 8 ML (McFadden and Train 2) ML 9 (Maximum Simulated Likelihood) ML Random Parameter Error Components (Revelt and Train 1998, Brownstone and Train 1999) 9 (Halton sequence)1 (Halton 196, Bhat 21, Train 23) 1

11 1.4.3 ML ML 1.8 (McFadden's ).3 t 5% t 1.8 t 2 L(+) L( )L()-2[L(+)-(L()+L())] 2 (Louviere et al. 2, p.244) % FTTH WTP (willingness to pay, WTP) WTP WTP (1) ( 3,144)(2)IP ( 1,441)(3)( 1,337)(4) ( 1,254)(5)( 786)(6)( 689)(7) ( 28)(8)( 13)(9)( -191) WTP (1)( 2,393) 1 WTP FTTH IP 11

12 (2)IP ( 1,438)(3)( 1,351)(4)( 1,17)(5) ( 711)(6)( 552)(7) ( 511)(8)( 356)(9)( 291) WTP 8,773 8,62 WTP FTTH FTTH WTP FTTH FTTH FTTH WTP FTTH WTP ( 8,773) ( 8,62) FTTH ML

13 IP 1.7 IP IP IP ML

14 21 FTTH FTTH WTP WTP ML FTTH FTTH FTTH FTTH 14

15 IP 211 FTTH 15

16 (i) (5,39 ) 93.9%(4,733 ) 6.1%(36 ) (1,843 ) 97.9%(1,84 ) 2.1%(39 ) (ii)ftth (5,39 ) 79.7%(4,15 ) 2.3%(1,24 ) (1,843 ) 53.5%(986 ) 46.5%(857 )

17 (i) 1 (491 ) 55.%(27 ) 37.3%(183 ) 7.7%(38 ) 1 5 (788 ) 61.4%(484 ) 38.5%(33 ).1%(1 ) 5 1 (282 ) 64.5%(182 ) 35.5%(1 ) %( ) 1 3 (2 ) 69.%(138 ) 31.%(62 ) %( ) 3 (82 ) 65.9%(54 ) 34.1%(28 ) %( ) (1843 ) 31.2%(1,128 ) 36.7%(676 ) 2.1%(39 ) (ii)ftth 1 (491 ) 6.9%(34 ) 8.6%(42 ) 84.5%(415 ) 1 5 (788 ) 1.4%(82 ) 36.9%(291 ) 52.7%(415 ) 5 1 (282 ) 22.7%(64 ) 68.1%(192 ) 9.2%(26 ) 1 3 (2 ) 3.%(6 ) 69.5%(139 ).5%(1 ) 3 (82 ) 29.3%(24 ) 7.7%(58 ) %( ) (1843 ) 14.3%(264 ) 39.2%(722 ) 46.5%(857 )

18 18

19 19

20 2

21 21

22 22

23 23

24 24

25 25

26 26

27 parameter frequency IPTEL(YAWATA) IPTEL(TOKYO) parameter frequency TVTEL(YAWATA) TVTEL(TOKYO)

28 parameter frequency DTV(YAWATA) DTV(TOKYO) parameter frequency CARE(YAWATA) CARE(TOKYO)

29 parameter frequency MEDICINE(YAWATA) MEDICINE(TOKYO) parameter frequency DISASTER(YAWATA) DISASTER(TOKYO)

30 parameter frequency TELEWORK(YAWATA) TELEWORK(TOKYO) parameter frequency EGOV(YAWATA) EGOV(TOKYO)

31 3 EDU(YAWATA) EDU(TOKYO) 25 2 frequency parameter 31

C O N T E N T S 1

2014 Vol.107 C O N T E N T S 1 Communications 3 Vol.107 2 3 Communications Vol.107 4 5 Communications 7 6 Vol.107 6 7 Communications Vol.107 8 9 Communications Vol.107 10 11 Communications Vol.107 12 13