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1 ! "19, ! " # $# $ # $ 2007 # $ # $# $ Matsumoto and Okamoto 2003 # $ 1997 Thomson and Otsuji 2003 Siegal and Okamoto # $ Sunderland, et al THOMSON Kinoshita Chihiro OTUSJI Emi 49

2 50 Sunderland, et al ! " 1! "! "! " p ! "! " Miyazaki 2004! "! " ! "! "! "! " 2007 Thomson & Otsuji ! "! "

3 51 # $# $ 3! " Getting Down to Business: Japanese for Business People GDB 1998 GDB GDB Thomson & Otsuji 2003 GDB 2 GDB GDB 4 GDB GDB # $# $ A B p. 122 Offering help, accepting A B 2

4 52 2 p. 39 A is from X company and B is from Y company. A 1 You want to talk directly to the president of Y Company. Ask B for permission. 3 Make a response to B. B 2 Refuse A s permission explaining that it is company policy that customers always go through the person in charge. Thomson & Otsuji GDB GDB! "! "! " p. 75 A 3! "! "! " 1982 Makino and Tsutsui Ide and Yoshida 1999

5 53 B A B A B A 3 A B! "! "! " A B! " A! "! "! " B! "! "! "! " B! "! " A B! "! " A! " B! "! "! " A! " B! " A B! " B! " p. 127 A

6 54 B A B A B A 4 A B A B A! "! "! "!" 1997! " !" A! " Smith 1992 A! "! "! " GDB! "! "! " GDB 5 p. 24 A B A B

7 55 A B A B A B A B 5! "! "! "! "! "! "! "! "! " 4! "! " 5! "! "! "! " 3 4! "! "! "! "! " GDB! "! "! " GDB ! "

8 56 5 GDB A B C C 1 GDB! " A-1 5 ACTFL OPI B-1! " GDB p. iii! " C C-1 C-3 C-2 3 4! "! "! "! 2 3 " C-1 5 A 1 A B C

9 57 C-3! " B-1! " C-3 GDB C-3! " B-1! " C-2! " A-1! " C- 2! " C-2! " GDB! "! " GDB! "! " GDB

10 58! "! "! " 3 4 GDB 6 GDB GDB Professional Communication in Japanese GDB GDB GDB 2

11 59 GDB GDB 14 GDB 50 GDB 50 GDB GDB GDB! "! "! "! "! "! "! "! "! "! "! " GBD GDB

12 60 GDB GDB GDB GDB GDB GDB 3 7 GDB GDB GDB GDB GDB! "! " GDB! "! " 7

13 61 GDB! " GDB! " GDB 100 GDB! " GDB GDB GDB! "! "! " 100 GDB GDB 8 GDB GDB GDB GDB Thomson & Otsuji 2003! "! " GDB! "! "! "

14 62 GDB GDB GDB! "! "! " GDB GDB Pennycook GDB! " GDB Sunderland, et al Ohara, et al Kubota 2003 GDB GDB GDB! " A-1!" B-1 GDB GDB Iida & Thomson 1999 GDB

15 63 Sunderland, et al # $ # $# $ 9 GDB GDB GDB # $ GDB GDB GDB Thomson & Otsuji # $! "Vol

16 # $! " # $! " # $! " # $! "Vol # $! "Vol ! " 2002! " 2002 # $! " # $! "Vol # # $ $! " # $ 2002 # $! " !# $" -K 2004! " 2006 ## $# $ $! " #! " $! " # $! " # $! "Vol ! " 2006 # $! " Ide S. & M. Yoshida 1999 Sociolinguistics: Honorifics and gender differences. In N. Tsujimura Ed. The Handbook of Japanese Linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. Iida, S. & C.K. Thomson 1999 Should we teach Australian female learners of Japanese to speak and behave like Japanese woman? A Study of gender related perceptions of teachers and learners of Japanese in Australia. 12 th World Congress of Applied Linguistics. AILA 99 Tokyo, August 1 6, Kubota, R Critical teaching of Japanese culture. Japanese Language and Literature. Vol.37,No.1, Makino, S. & M. Tsutsui 1989 A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar. Tokyo: The Japan Times. Matsumoto, Y. and S. Okamoto 2003 The construction of the Japanese language and culture in teaching Japanese as a foreign language. Japanese Language and Literature. Vol.37,No.1, Miyazaki, A Japanese junior high school girls and boys first person pronoun use and their social world. In S. Okamoto and J.S. Shibamoto Smith Eds. Japanese Language, Gender and Ideology: Cultural Models and Real People. Oxford University Press. Ohara, Y., S. Saft, and G. Crookes 2001 Toward a feminist critical pedagogy in a beginning Japanese-as-aforeign-language class. Japanese Language and Literature. Vol. 35, No. 2, Pennycook, A Critical Applied Linguistics: A Critical Introduction. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers: Mahwah, New Jersey. Siegal, M. and S. Okamoto 2003 Toward reconceptualizing the teaching and learning of gendered speech styles in

17 65 Japanese as a foreign language. Japanese Language and Literature. Vol.37,No.1, Smith, J.S Women in charge: Politeness and directives in the speech of Japanese women. Language in Society. 21, Sunderland, J., et al From bias In the text to teacher talk around the text. An exploration of teacher discourse and gendered foreign language textbook texts. Linguistics and Education, 11: 3, Thomson, C.K. and E. Otsuji 2003 Evaluation of business Japanese textbooks: Issues of gender. Japanese Studies, Vol. 23, No. 2,

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