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1 1416 (B)(1) :353368, Luhmann 1972 Dawes Parsons1937= : Runciman & Sen1965Taylor1987=1995, Coleman 1990=2004: , Hardin

2 1998: : : 23 2 Dawes 1980 Dawes

3 1993: : 6-7 Parsons 1937= Dawes Luhmann 1981=1985Leiter 1980=1987 Hobbes 1651= : 31 Leiter 1980=

4 1998: 32, 3 2 ibid: ibid: 179 ibid: 177 ibid: 193 ibid: ibid:

5 : 20 Luhmann 1972=1977: 48, : :

6 2. Garfinkel

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8 { } 3 3 Garfinkel 1963, 1997 Kripke 1982=1983: 184 ibid: 186 ibid:

9 3 { } { } Kripke 1982=1983: (1991)

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13 1998: Dawes (2000) 365

14 Coleman, James S., 1990, Foundations of Social Theory, Harvard University Press Dawes, Robyn. M Social Dilemmas Annual Review of Psychology. 31: : Durkheim,Emile, 1893, De la division du travail social, PUF, (3/4): Garfinkel, Harold, 1963, A Conception of, and Experiments with, Trust as a Condition of Stable Concerted Actions, O. J. Harvey, ed., Motivation and Social Interaction, Ronald Press. Hardin, Garrett, 1968, The Tragedy of Commons, Science, 162: : Hobbes, T Leviathan, or the Matter, Forme, and Power of a Common-Wealth, Ecclesiaticall and Civil Clarendon

15 : Kripke, Saul A., Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language, Oxford: Basil Blackwell Leiter, Kenneth, 1980, A Primer on Ethnomethodology, Oxford University Press Luhmann, Niklas, 1972, Rechtssoziologie, Rowohlt Taschenbuch Luhmann, Niklas, 1981, Wie ist soziale Ordnung möglich, aus Gesellschafts-struktur und Semantik, Suhrkamp Verlag : : : (2): Persons, T Structure of Social Action. Free Press (1)-(5) Runciman, W. G., and A. K. Sen, 1965, Games, Justice and the General Will, Mind, 74: (3): [Sako 1998] (2): (2): : : : 1999 Taylor, Michael, 1987, The Possibility of Cooperation, Cambridge University Press Social Dilemma and Double Choice Concept: A Game Theoretic Response to Clarification of the Hobbesian Problem of Order Masayoshi MUTO Graduate School of Decision Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 367

16 2121 Oookayama, Meguro, Tokyo , JAPAN The purpose of this paper is to clarify that Social Dilemma is concerned with more general situation than thought. Game theorists have formalized the Hobbesian Problem of Order as a Social Dilemma (Prisoners Dilemma). However, Sako (1998) oppose this formalization. He insists that Social Dilemma is concerned with only special situation but the Hobbesian Problem of Order is concerned with more general situation. Therefore he concludes that game theoretic formalization lacks emergency. But using Double Choice concept by Luhmann (1972), we clarify that Soko s framework based on ethnomethodology is also concerned with Social Dilemma. Keyword: social order, set of action choices, rule 368

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