C : q i (t) C : q i (t) q i (t) q i(t) q i(t) q i (t)+δq i (t) (2) δq i (t) δq i (t) C, C δq i (t 0 )0, δq i (t 1 ) 0 (3) δs S[C ] S[C] t1 t 0 t1 t 0

C (q, p) (1)(2) C (Q, P ) ( Qi (q, p) P i (q, p) dq j + Q ) i(q, p) dp j P i dq i (5) q j p j C i,j1 (q,p) C D C (Q,P) D C Phase Space (1)(2) C p i dq

7 2003 6 26 ( ) 5 5.1 F K 0 (q 1,,q N,p 1,,p N ) (Q 1,,Q N,P 1,,P N ) Q i Q i (q, p). (1) P i P i (q, p), (2) (p i dq i P i dq i )df. (3) [ ] Q αq + βp, P γq + δp α, β, γ, δ [ ] PdQ pdq (γq + δp)(αdq +

2019 1 5 0 3 1 4 1.1.................... 4 1.1.1......................... 4 1.1.2........................ 5 1.1.3................... 5 1.1.4........................ 6 1.1.5......................... 6 1.2..........................

B ver B

B ver. 2017.02.24 B Contents 1 11 1.1....................... 11 1.1.1............. 11 1.1.2.......................... 12 1.2............................. 14 1.2.1................ 14 1.2.2.......................

* 1 2014 7 8 *1 iii 1. Newton 1 1.1 Newton........................... 1 1.2............................. 4 1.3................................. 5 2. 9 2.1......................... 9 2.2........................

21 2 26 i 1 1 1.1............................ 1 1.2............................ 3 2 9 2.1................... 9 2.2.......... 9 2.3................... 11 2.4....................... 12 3 15 3.1..........

( ) ( )

20 21 2 8 1 2 2 3 21 3 22 3 23 4 24 5 25 5 26 6 27 8 28 ( ) 9 3 10 31 10 32 ( ) 12 4 13 41 0 13 42 14 43 0 15 44 17 5 18 6 18 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 2 2 21 t (x(t) y(t)) 2 x(t) y(t) γ(t) (x(t) y(t))

K E N Z OU

K E N Z OU 11 1 1 1.1..................................... 1.1.1............................ 1.1..................................................................................... 4 1.........................................

1 variation 1.1 imension unit L m M kg T s Q C QT 1 A = C s 1 MKSA F = ma N N = kg m s 1.1 J E = 1 mv W = F x J = kg m s 1 = N m 1.

1.1 1. 1.3.1..3.4 3.1 3. 3.3 4.1 4. 4.3 5.1 5. 5.3 6.1 6. 6.3 7.1 7. 7.3 1 1 variation 1.1 imension unit L m M kg T s Q C QT 1 A = C s 1 MKSA F = ma N N = kg m s 1.1 J E = 1 mv W = F x J = kg m s 1 = N

d ϕ i) t d )t0 d ϕi) ϕ i) t x j t d ) ϕ t0 t α dx j d ) ϕ i) t dx t0 j x j d ϕ i) ) t x j dx t0 j f i x j ξ j dx i + ξ i x j dx j f i ξ i x j dx j d )

23 M R M ϕ : R M M ϕt, x) ϕ t x) ϕ s ϕ t ϕ s+t, ϕ 0 id M M ϕ t M ξ ξ ϕ t d ϕ tx) ξϕ t x)) U, x 1,...,x n )) ϕ t x) ϕ 1) t x),...,ϕ n) t x)), ξx) ξ i x) d ϕi) t x) ξ i ϕ t x)) M f ϕ t f)x) f ϕ t )x) fϕ

20 4 20 i 1 1 1.1............................ 1 1.2............................ 4 2 11 2.1................... 11 2.2......................... 11 2.3....................... 19 3 25 3.1.............................

1

Chapter Fgure.: x x s T = 2 mv2 mgx = 0 (.) s = X 0 x 0 x x v = 2gx + + ( ) 2 2 y x 2 ( ) 2 2 y x 2 /2gx (.2) y(x) 2 . S = L(t, r, ṙ) r(t) ṙ = r L(t, r, ṙ) t, r, ṙ L x t r, ṙ r + δr, ṙ + δṙ δs δs = δr

dynamics-solution2.dvi

1 1. (1) a + b = i +3i + k () a b =5i 5j +3k (3) a b =1 (4) a b = 7i j +1k. a = 14 l =/ 14, m=1/ 14, n=3/ 14 3. 4. 5. df (t) d [a(t)e(t)] =ti +9t j +4k, = d a(t) d[a(t)e(t)] e(t)+ da(t) d f (t) =i +18tj

SO(3) 7 = = 1 ( r ) + 1 r r r r ( l ) (5.17) l = 1 ( sin θ ) + sin θ θ θ ϕ (5.18) χ(r)ψ(θ, ϕ) l ψ = αψ (5.19) l 1 = i(sin ϕ θ l = i( cos ϕ θ l 3 = i ϕ

SO(3) 71 5.7 5.7.1 1 ħ L k l k l k = iϵ kij x i j (5.117) l k SO(3) l z l ± = l 1 ± il = i(y z z y ) ± (z x x z ) = ( x iy) z ± z( x ± i y ) = X ± z ± z (5.118) l z = i(x y y x ) = 1 [(x + iy)( x i y )

ver F = i f i m r = F r = 0 F = 0 X = Y = Z = 0 (1) δr = (δx, δy, δz) F δw δw = F δr = Xδx + Y δy + Zδz = 0 (2) δr (2) 1 (1) (2 n (X i δx

ver. 1.0 18 6 20 F = f m r = F r = 0 F = 0 X = Y = Z = 0 (1 δr = (δx, δy, δz F δw δw = F δr = Xδx + Y δy + Zδz = 0 (2 δr (2 1 (1 (2 n (X δx + Y δy + Z δz = 0 (3 1 F F = (X, Y, Z δr = (δx, δy, δz S δr δw

IA

IA 31 4 11 1 1 4 1.1 Planck.............................. 4 1. Bohr.................................... 5 1.3..................................... 6 8.1................................... 8....................................

第10章 アイソパラメトリック要素

June 5, 2019 1 / 26 10.1 ( ) 2 / 26 10.2 8 2 3 4 3 4 6 10.1 4 2 3 4 3 (a) 4 (b) 2 3 (c) 2 4 10.1: 3 / 26 8.3 3 5.1 4 10.4 Gauss 10.1 Ω i 2 3 4 Ξ 3 4 6 Ξ ( ) Ξ 5.1 Gauss ˆx : Ξ Ω i ˆx h u 4 / 26 10.2.1

note1.dvi

(1) 1996 11 7 1 (1) 1. 1 dx dy d x τ xx x x, stress x + dx x τ xx x+dx dyd x x τ xx x dyd y τ xx x τ xx x+dx d dx y x dy 1. dx dy d x τ xy x τ x ρdxdyd x dx dy d ρdxdyd u x t = τ xx x+dx dyd τ xx x dyd

No δs δs = r + δr r = δr (3) δs δs = r r = δr + u(r + δr, t) u(r, t) (4) δr = (δx, δy, δz) u i (r + δr, t) u i (r, t) = u i x j δx j (5) δs 2

No.2 1 2 2 δs δs = r + δr r = δr (3) δs δs = r r = δr + u(r + δr, t) u(r, t) (4) δr = (δx, δy, δz) u i (r + δr, t) u i (r, t) = u i δx j (5) δs 2 = δx i δx i + 2 u i δx i δx j = δs 2 + 2s ij δx i δx j

all.dvi

5,, Euclid.,..,... Euclid,.,.,, e i (i =,, ). 6 x a x e e e x.:,,. a,,. a a = a e + a e + a e = {e, e, e } a (.) = a i e i = a i e i (.) i= {a,a,a } T ( T ),.,,,,. (.),.,...,,. a 0 0 a = a 0 + a + a 0

all.dvi

29 4 Green-Lagrange,,.,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,, E, σ, ε σ = Eε,,.. 4.1? l, l 1 (l 1 l) ε ε = l 1 l l (4.1) F l l 1 F 30 4 Green-Lagrange Δz Δδ γ = Δδ (4.2) Δz π/2 φ γ = π 2 φ (4.3) γ tan γ γ,sin γ γ ( π ) γ tan

all.dvi

72 9 Hooke,,,. Hooke. 9.1 Hooke 1 Hooke. 1, 1 Hooke. σ, ε, Young. σ ε (9.1), Young. τ γ G τ Gγ (9.2) X 1, X 2. Poisson, Poisson ν. ν ε 22 (9.) ε 11 F F X 2 X 1 9.1: Poisson 9.1. Hooke 7 Young Poisson G

KENZOU

KENZOU 2008 8 2 3 2 3 2 2 4 2 4............................................... 2 4.2............................... 3 4.2........................................... 4 4.3..............................

1. z dr er r sinθ dϕ eϕ r dθ eθ dr θ dr dθ r x 0 ϕ r sinθ dϕ r sinθ dϕ y dr dr er r dθ eθ r sinθ dϕ eϕ 2. (r, θ, φ) 2 dr 1 h r dr 1 e r h θ dθ 1 e θ h

IB IIA 1 1 r, θ, φ 1 (r, θ, φ)., r, θ, φ 0 r

( ) ( 40 )+( 60 ) Schrödinger 3. (a) (b) (c) yoshioka/education-09.html pdf 1

2009 1 ( ) ( 40 )+( 60 ) 1 1. 2. Schrödinger 3. (a) (b) (c) http://goofy.phys.nara-wu.ac.jp/ yoshioka/education-09.html pdf 1 1. ( photon) ν λ = c ν (c = 3.0 108 /m : ) ɛ = hν (1) p = hν/c = h/λ (2) h

) ] [ h m x + y + + V x) φ = Eφ 1) z E = i h t 13) x << 1) N n n= = N N + 1) 14) N n n= = N N + 1)N + 1) 6 15) N n 3 n= = 1 4 N N + 1) 16) N n 4

1. k λ ν ω T v p v g k = π λ ω = πν = π T v p = λν = ω k v g = dω dk 1) ) 3) 4). p = hk = h λ 5) E = hν = hω 6) h = h π 7) h =6.6618 1 34 J sec) hc=197.3 MeV fm = 197.3 kev pm= 197.3 ev nm = 1.97 1 3 ev

(3) (2),,. ( 20) ( s200103) 0.7 x C,, x 2 + y 2 + ax = 0 a.. D,. D, y C, C (x, y) (y 0) C m. (2) D y = y(x) (x ± y 0), (x, y) D, m, m = 1., D. (x 2 y

[ ] 7 0.1 2 2 + y = t sin t IC ( 9) ( s090101) 0.2 y = d2 y 2, y = x 3 y + y 2 = 0 (2) y + 2y 3y = e 2x 0.3 1 ( y ) = f x C u = y x ( 15) ( s150102) [ ] y/x du x = Cexp f(u) u (2) x y = xey/x ( 16) ( s160101)

( )

7..-8..8.......................................................................... 4.................................... 3...................................... 3..3.................................. 4.3....................................

) a + b = i + 6 b c = 6i j ) a = 0 b = c = 0 ) â = i + j 0 ˆb = 4) a b = b c = j + ) cos α = cos β = 6) a ˆb = b ĉ = 0 7) a b = 6i j b c = i + 6j + 8)

4 4 ) a + b = i + 6 b c = 6i j ) a = 0 b = c = 0 ) â = i + j 0 ˆb = 4) a b = b c = j + ) cos α = cos β = 6) a ˆb = b ĉ = 0 7) a b = 6i j b c = i + 6j + 8) a b a b = 6i j 4 b c b c 9) a b = 4 a b) c = 7

24 I ( ) 1. R 3 (i) C : x 2 + y 2 1 = 0 (ii) C : y = ± 1 x 2 ( 1 x 1) (iii) C : x = cos t, y = sin t (0 t 2π) 1.1. γ : [a, b] R n ; t γ(t) = (x

24 I 1.1.. ( ) 1. R 3 (i) C : x 2 + y 2 1 = 0 (ii) C : y = ± 1 x 2 ( 1 x 1) (iii) C : x = cos t, y = sin t (0 t 2π) 1.1. γ : [a, b] R n ; t γ(t) = (x 1 (t), x 2 (t),, x n (t)) ( ) ( ), γ : (i) x 1 (t),

5 1.2, 2, d a V a = M (1.2.1), M, a,,,,, Ω, V a V, V a = V + Ω r. (1.2.2), r i 1, i 2, i 3, i 1, i 2, i 3, A 2, A = 3 A n i n = n=1 da = 3 = n=1 3 n=1

4 1 1.1 ( ) 5 1.2, 2, d a V a = M (1.2.1), M, a,,,,, Ω, V a V, V a = V + Ω r. (1.2.2), r i 1, i 2, i 3, i 1, i 2, i 3, A 2, A = 3 A n i n = n=1 da = 3 = n=1 3 n=1 da n i n da n i n + 3 A ni n n=1 3 n=1

z f(z) f(z) x, y, u, v, r, θ r > 0 z = x + iy, f = u + iv C γ D f(z) f(z) D f(z) f(z) z, Rm z, z 1.1 z = x + iy = re iθ = r (cos θ + i sin θ) z = x iy

z fz fz x, y, u, v, r, θ r > z = x + iy, f = u + iv γ D fz fz D fz fz z, Rm z, z. z = x + iy = re iθ = r cos θ + i sin θ z = x iy = re iθ = r cos θ i sin θ x = z + z = Re z, y = z z = Im z i r = z = z

t = h x z z = h z = t (x, z) (v x (x, z, t), v z (x, z, t)) ρ v x x + v z z = 0 (1) 2-2. (v x, v z ) φ(x, z, t) v x = φ x, v z

I 1 m 2 l k 2 x = 0 x 1 x 1 2 x 2 g x x 2 x 1 m k m 1-1. L x 1, x 2, ẋ 1, ẋ 2 ẋ 1 x = 0 1-2. 2 Q = x 1 + x 2 2 q = x 2 x 1 l L Q, q, Q, q M = 2m µ = m 2 1-3. Q q 1-4. 2 x 2 = h 1 x 1 t = 0 2 1 t x 1 (t)

量子力学 問題

3 : 203 : 0. H = 0 0 2 6 0 () = 6, 2 = 2, 3 = 3 3 H 6 2 3 ϵ,2,3 (2) ψ = (, 2, 3 ) ψ Hψ H (3) P i = i i P P 2 = P 2 P 3 = P 3 P = O, P 2 i = P i (4) P + P 2 + P 3 = E 3 (5) i ϵ ip i H 0 0 (6) R = 0 0 [H,

Gmech08.dvi

63 6 6.1 6.1.1 v = v 0 =v 0x,v 0y, 0) t =0 x 0,y 0, 0) t x x 0 + v 0x t v x v 0x = y = y 0 + v 0y t, v = v y = v 0y 6.1) z 0 0 v z yv z zv y zv x xv z xv y yv x = 0 0 x 0 v 0y y 0 v 0x 6.) 6.) 6.1) 6.)

80 4 r ˆρ i (r, t) δ(r x i (t)) (4.1) x i (t) ρ i ˆρ i t = 0 i r 0 t(> 0) j r 0 + r < δ(r 0 x i (0))δ(r 0 + r x j (t)) > (4.2) r r 0 G i j (r, t) dr 0

79 4 4.1 4.1.1 x i (t) x j (t) O O r 0 + r r r 0 x i (0) r 0 x i (0) 4.1 L. van. Hove 1954 space-time correlation function V N 4.1 ρ 0 = N/V i t 80 4 r ˆρ i (r, t) δ(r x i (t)) (4.1) x i (t) ρ i ˆρ i t

O x y z O ( O ) O (O ) 3 x y z O O x v t = t = 0 ( 1 ) O t = 0 c t r = ct P (x, y, z) r 2 = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 (t, x, y, z) (ct) 2 x 2 y 2 z 2 = 0

9 O y O ( O ) O (O ) 3 y O O v t = t = 0 ( ) O t = 0 t r = t P (, y, ) r = + y + (t,, y, ) (t) y = 0 () ( )O O t (t ) y = 0 () (t) y = (t ) y = 0 (3) O O v O O v O O O y y O O v P(, y,, t) t (, y,, t )

25 7 18 1 1 1.1 v.s............................. 1 1.1.1.................................. 1 1.1.2................................. 1 1.1.3.................................. 3 1.2................... 3

30

3 ............................................2 2...........................................2....................................2.2...................................2.3..............................

: 2005 ( ρ t +dv j =0 r m m r = e E( r +e r B( r T 208 T = d E j 207 ρ t = = = e t δ( r r (t e r r δ( r r (t e r ( r δ( r r (t dv j =

72 Maxwell. Maxwell e r ( =,,N Maxwell rot E + B t = 0 rot H D t = j dv D = ρ dv B = 0 D = ɛ 0 E H = μ 0 B ρ( r = j( r = N e δ( r r = N e r δ( r r = : 2005 ( 2006.8.22 73 207 ρ t +dv j =0 r m m r = e E(

構造と連続体の力学基礎

II 37 Wabash Avenue Bridge, Illinois 州 Winnipeg にある歩道橋 Esplanade Riel 橋6 6 斜張橋である必要は多分無いと思われる すぐ横に道路用桁橋有り しかも塔基部のレストランは 8 年には営業していなかった 9 9. 9.. () 97 [3] [5] k 9. m w(t) f (t) = f (t) + mg k w(t) Newton

1 (Berry,1975) 2-6 p (S πr 2 )p πr 2 p 2πRγ p p = 2γ R (2.5).1-1 : : : : ( ).2 α, β α, β () X S = X X α X β (.1) 1 2

2005 9/8-11 2 2.2 ( 2-5) γ ( ) γ cos θ 2πr πρhr 2 g h = 2γ cos θ ρgr (2.1) γ = ρgrh (2.2) 2 cos θ θ cos θ = 1 (2.2) γ = 1 ρgrh (2.) 2 2. p p ρgh p ( ) p p = p ρgh (2.) h p p = 2γ r 1 1 (Berry,1975) 2-6

(Compton Scattering) Beaming 1 exp [i (k x ωt)] k λ k = 2π/λ ω = 2πν k = ω/c k x ωt ( ω ) k α c, k k x ωt η αβ k α x β diag( + ++) x β = (ct, x) O O x

Compton Scattering Beaming exp [i k x ωt] k λ k π/λ ω πν k ω/c k x ωt ω k α c, k k x ωt η αβ k α x β diag + ++ x β ct, x O O x O O v k α k α β, γ k γ k βk, k γ k + βk k γ k k, k γ k + βk 3 k k 4 k 3 k

2 1 κ c(t) = (x(t), y(t)) ( ) det(c (t), c x (t)) = det (t) x (t) y (t) y = x (t)y (t) x (t)y (t), (t) c (t) = (x (t)) 2 + (y (t)) 2. c (t) =

1 1 1.1 I R 1.1.1 c : I R 2 (i) c C (ii) t I c (t) (0, 0) c (t) c(i) c c(t) 1.1.2 (1) (2) (3) (1) r > 0 c : R R 2 : t (r cos t, r sin t) (2) C f : I R c : I R 2 : t (t, f(t)) (3) y = x c : R R 2 : t (t,

i E B Maxwell Maxwell Newton Newton Schrödinger Newton Maxwell Kepler Maxwell Maxwell B H B ii Newton i 1 1.1.......................... 1 1.2 Coulomb.......................... 2 1.3.........................

.3. (x, x = (, u = = 4 (, x x = 4 x, x 0 x = 0 x = 4 x.4. ( z + z = 8 z, z 0 (z, z = (0, 8, (,, (8, 0 3 (0, 8, (,, (8, 0 z = z 4 z (g f(x = g(

06 5.. ( y = x x y 5 y 5 = (x y = x + ( y = x + y = x y.. ( Y = C + I = 50 + 0.5Y + 50 r r = 00 0.5Y ( L = M Y r = 00 r = 0.5Y 50 (3 00 0.5Y = 0.5Y 50 Y = 50, r = 5 .3. (x, x = (, u = = 4 (, x x = 4 x,

x A Aω ẋ ẋ 2 + ω 2 x 2 = ω 2 A 2. (ẋ, ωx) ζ ẋ + iωx ζ ζ dζ = ẍ + iωẋ = ẍ + iω(ζ iωx) dt dζ dt iωζ = ẍ + ω2 x (2.1) ζ ζ = Aωe iωt = Aω cos ωt + iaω sin

2 2.1 F (t) 2.1.1 mẍ + kx = F (t). m ẍ + ω 2 x = F (t)/m ω = k/m. 1 : (ẋ, x) x = A sin ωt, ẋ = Aω cos ωt 1 2-1 x A Aω ẋ ẋ 2 + ω 2 x 2 = ω 2 A 2. (ẋ, ωx) ζ ẋ + iωx ζ ζ dζ = ẍ + iωẋ = ẍ + iω(ζ iωx) dt dζ

M3 x y f(x, y) (= x) (= y) x + y f(x, y) = x + y + *. f(x, y) π y f(x, y) x f(x + x, y) f(x, y) lim x x () f(x,y) x 3 -

M3............................................................................................ 3.3................................................... 3 6........................................... 6..........................................

1 3 1.1.......................... 3 1............................... 3 1.3....................... 5 1.4.......................... 6 1.5........................ 7 8.1......................... 8..............................

master.dvi

4 Maxwell- Boltzmann N 1 4.1 T R R 5 R (Heat Reservor) S E R 20 E 4.2 E E R E t = E + E R E R Ω R (E R ) S R (E R ) Ω R (E R ) = exp[s R (E R )/k] E, E E, E E t E E t E exps R (E t E) exp S R (E t E )

~nabe/lecture/index.html 2

2001 12 13 1 http://www.sml.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ ~nabe/lecture/index.html nabe@sml.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp 2 1. 10/ 4 2. 10/11 3. 10/18 1 4. 10/25 2 5. 11/ 1 6. 11/ 8 7. 11/15 8. 11/22 9. 11/29 10. 12/ 6 1 11. 12/13

II A A441 : October 02, 2014 Version : Kawahira, Tomoki TA (Kondo, Hirotaka )

II 214-1 : October 2, 214 Version : 1.1 Kawahira, Tomoki TA (Kondo, Hirotaka ) http://www.math.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~kawahira/courses/14w-biseki.html pdf 1 2 1 9 1 16 1 23 1 3 11 6 11 13 11 2 11 27 12 4 12 11

II 1 II 2012 II Gauss-Bonnet II

II 1 II 212 II Gauss-Bonnet II 1 1 1.1......................................... 1 1.2............................................ 2 1.3.................................. 3 1.4.............................................

1. 2 P 2 (x, y) 2 x y (0, 0) R 2 = {(x, y) x, y R} x, y R P = (x, y) O = (0, 0) OP ( ) OP x x, y y ( ) x v = y ( ) x 2 1 v = P = (x, y) y ( x y ) 2 (x

. P (, (0, 0 R {(,, R}, R P (, O (0, 0 OP OP, v v P (, ( (, (, { R, R} v (, (, (,, z 3 w z R 3,, z R z n R n.,..., n R n n w, t w ( z z Ke Words:. A P 3 0 B P 0 a. A P b B P 3. A π/90 B a + b c π/ 3. +

..3. Ω, Ω F, P Ω, F, P ). ) F a) A, A,..., A i,... F A i F. b) A F A c F c) Ω F. ) A F A P A),. a) 0 P A) b) P Ω) c) [ ] A, A,..., A i,... F i j A i A

.. Laplace ). A... i),. ω i i ). {ω,..., ω } Ω,. ii) Ω. Ω. A ) r, A P A) P A) r... ).. Ω {,, 3, 4, 5, 6}. i i 6). A {, 4, 6} P A) P A) 3 6. ).. i, j i, j) ) Ω {i, j) i 6, j 6}., 36. A. A {i, j) i j }.

1 nakayama/print/ Def (Definition ) Thm (Theorem ) Prop (Proposition ) Lem (Lemma ) Cor (Corollary ) 1. (1) A, B (2) ABC

1 http://www.gem.aoyama.ac.jp/ nakayama/print/ Def (Definition ) Thm (Theorem ) Prop (Proposition ) Lem (Lemma ) Cor (Corollary ) 1. (1) A, B (2) ABC r 1 A B B C C A (1),(2),, (8) A, B, C A,B,C 2 1 ABC

OHP.dvi

7 2010 11 22 1 7 http://www.sml.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/members/nabe/lecture2010 nabe@sml.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp 2 1. 10/ 4 2. 10/18 3. 10/25 2, 3 4. 11/ 1 5. 11/ 8 6. 11/15 7. 11/22 8. 11/29 9. 12/ 6 skyline 10. 12/13

OHP.dvi

t 0, X X t x t 0 t u u = x X (1) t t 0 u X x O 1 1 t 0 =0 X X +dx t x(x,t) x(x +dx,t). dx dx = x(x +dx,t) x(x,t) (2) dx, dx = F dx (3). F (deformation gradient tensor) t F t 0 dx dx X x O 2 2 F. (det F

S I. dy fx x fx y fx + C 3 C dy fx 4 x, y dy v C xt y C v e kt k > xt yt gt [ v dt dt v e kt xt v e kt + C k x v + C C k xt v k 3 r r + dr e kt S dt d

S I.. http://ayapin.film.s.dendai.ac.jp/~matuda /TeX/lecture.html PDF PS.................................... 3.3.................... 9.4................5.............. 3 5. Laplace................. 5....

( ) s n (n = 0, 1,...) n n = δ nn n n = I n=0 ψ = n C n n (1) C n = n ψ α = e 1 2 α 2 n=0 α, β α n n! n (2) β α = e 1 2 α 2 1

(3.5 3.8) 03032s 2006.7.0 n (n = 0,,...) n n = δ nn n n = I n=0 ψ = n C n n () C n = n ψ α = e 2 α 2 n=0 α, β α n n (2) β α = e 2 α 2 2 β 2 n=0 =0 = e 2 α 2 β n α 2 β 2 n=0 = e 2 α 2 2 β 2 +β α β n α!

II No.01 [n/2] [1]H n (x) H n (x) = ( 1) r n! r!(n 2r)! (2x)n 2r. r=0 [2]H n (x) n,, H n ( x) = ( 1) n H n (x). [3] H n (x) = ( 1) n dn x2 e dx n e x2

II No.1 [n/] [1]H n x) H n x) = 1) r n! r!n r)! x)n r r= []H n x) n,, H n x) = 1) n H n x) [3] H n x) = 1) n dn x e dx n e x [4] H n+1 x) = xh n x) nh n 1 x) ) d dx x H n x) = H n+1 x) d dx H nx) = nh

6 6.1 L r p hl = r p (6.1) 1, 2, 3 r =(x, y, z )=(r 1,r 2,r 3 ), p =(p x,p y,p z )=(p 1,p 2,p 3 ) (6.2) hl i = jk ɛ ijk r j p k (6.3) ɛ ijk Levi Civit

6 6.1 L r p hl = r p (6.1) 1, 2, 3 r =(x, y, z )=(r 1,r 2,r 3 ), p =(p x,p y,p z )=(p 1,p 2,p 3 ) (6.2) hl i = jk ɛ ijk r j p k (6.3) ɛ ijk Levi Civita ɛ 123 =1 0 r p = 2 2 = (6.4) Planck h L p = h ( h

1 No.1 5 C 1 I III F 1 F 2 F 1 F 2 2 Φ 2 (t) = Φ 1 (t) Φ 1 (t t). = Φ 1(t) t = ( 1.5e 0.5t 2.4e 4t 2e 10t ) τ < 0 t > τ Φ 2 (t) < 0 lim t Φ 2 (t) = 0

1 No.1 5 C 1 I III F 1 F 2 F 1 F 2 2 Φ 2 (t) = Φ 1 (t) Φ 1 (t t). = Φ 1(t) t = ( 1.5e 0.5t 2.4e 4t 2e 10t ) τ < 0 t > τ Φ 2 (t) < 0 lim t Φ 2 (t) = 0 0 < t < τ I II 0 No.2 2 C x y x y > 0 x 0 x > b a dx

4.6 (E i = ε, ε + ) T Z F Z = e βε + e β(ε+ ) = e βε (1 + e β ) F = kt log Z = kt log[e βε (1 + e β )] = ε kt ln(1 + e β ) (4.18) F (T ) S = T = k = k

4.6 (E i = ε, ε + ) T Z F Z = e ε + e (ε+ ) = e ε ( + e ) F = kt log Z = kt loge ε ( + e ) = ε kt ln( + e ) (4.8) F (T ) S = T = k = k ln( + e ) + kt e + e kt 2 + e ln( + e ) + kt (4.20) /kt T 0 = /k (4.20)

n (1.6) i j=1 1 n a ij x j = b i (1.7) (1.7) (1.4) (1.5) (1.4) (1.7) u, v, w ε x, ε y, ε x, γ yz, γ zx, γ xy (1.8) ε x = u x ε y = v y ε z = w z γ yz

1 2 (a 1, a 2, a n ) (b 1, b 2, b n ) A (1.1) A = a 1 b 1 + a 2 b 2 + + a n b n (1.1) n A = a i b i (1.2) i=1 n i 1 n i=1 a i b i n i=1 A = a i b i (1.3) (1.3) (1.3) (1.1) (ummation convention) a 11 x

i

18 16 i 1 1 1.1....................................... 1 1.................................. 3 1.3............................. 5 1.4........................................... 6 7.1..................................

2002 11 21 1 http://www.sml.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/members/nabe/lecture2002 http://www.sml.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/members/nabe/lecture nabe@sml.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp 2 1. 10/10 2. 10/17 3. 10/24 4. 10/31 5. 11/ 7 6. 11/14

215 11 13 1 2 1.1....................... 2 1.2.................... 2 1.3..................... 2 1.4...................... 3 1.5............... 3 1.6........................... 4 1.7.................. 4

08-Note2-web

r(t) t r(t) O v(t) = dr(t) dt a(t) = dv(t) dt = d2 r(t) dt 2 r(t), v(t), a(t) t dr(t) dt r(t) =(x(t),y(t),z(t)) = d 2 r(t) dt 2 = ( dx(t) dt ( d 2 x(t) dt 2, dy(t), dz(t) dt dt ), d2 y(t) dt 2, d2 z(t)

#A A A F, F d F P + F P = d P F, F y P F F x A.1 ( α, 0), (α, 0) α > 0) (x, y) (x + α) 2 + y 2, (x α) 2 + y 2 d (x + α)2 + y 2 + (x α) 2 + y 2 =

#A A A. F, F d F P + F P = d P F, F P F F A. α, 0, α, 0 α > 0, + α +, α + d + α + + α + = d d F, F 0 < α < d + α + = d α + + α + = d d α + + α + d α + = d 4 4d α + = d 4 8d + 6 http://mth.cs.kitmi-it.c.jp/

211 kotaro@math.titech.ac.jp 1 R *1 n n R n *2 R n = {(x 1,..., x n ) x 1,..., x n R}. R R 2 R 3 R n R n R n D D R n *3 ) (x 1,..., x n ) f(x 1,..., x n ) f D *4 n 2 n = 1 ( ) 1 f D R n f : D R 1.1. (x,

A 2 3. m S m = {x R m+1 x = 1} U + k = {x S m x k > 0}, U k = {x S m x k < 0}, ϕ ± k (x) = (x 0,..., ˆx k,... x m ) 1. {(U ± k, ϕ± k ) 0 k m} S m 1.2.

A A 1 A 5 A 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 1.1 1.1 (). Hausdorff M R m M M {U α } U α R m E α ϕ α : U α E α U α U β = ϕ α (ϕ β ϕβ (U α U β )) 1 : ϕ β (U α U β ) ϕ α (U α U β ) C M a m dim M a U α ϕ α {x i, 1 i m} {U,

sec13.dvi

13 13.1 O r F R = m d 2 r dt 2 m r m = F = m r M M d2 R dt 2 = m d 2 r dt 2 = F = F (13.1) F O L = r p = m r ṙ dl dt = m ṙ ṙ + m r r = r (m r ) = r F N. (13.2) N N = R F 13.2 O ˆn ω L O r u u = ω r 1 1:

構造と連続体の力学基礎

12 12.1? finite deformation infinitesimal deformation large deformation 1 [129] B Bernoulli-Euler [26] 1975 Northwestern Nemat-Nasser Continuum Mechanics 1980 [73] 2 1 2 What is the physical meaning? 583

nosenote3.dvi

i 1 1 2 5 3 Verlet 9 4 18 5 23 6 26 1 1 1 MD t N r 1 (t), r 2 (t),, r N (t) ṙ 1 (t), ṙ 2 (t),, ṙ N (t) MD a 1, a 2, a 3 r i (i =1,,n) 1 2 T =0K r i + m 1 a 1 + m 2 a 2 + m 3 a 3 (m 1,m 2,m 3 =0, ±1, ±2,,

TOP URL 1

TOP URL http://amonphys.web.fc.com/ 3.............................. 3.............................. 4.3 4................... 5.4........................ 6.5........................ 8.6...........................7

TOP URL 1

TOP URL http://amonphys.web.fc2.com/ 1 30 3 30.1.............. 3 30.2........................... 4 30.3...................... 5 30.4........................ 6 30.5.................................. 8 30.6...............................

Gmech08.dvi

145 13 13.1 13.1.1 0 m mg S 13.1 F 13.1 F /m S F F 13.1 F mg S F F mg 13.1: m d2 r 2 = F + F = 0 (13.1) 146 13 F = F (13.2) S S S S S P r S P r r = r 0 + r (13.3) r 0 S S m d2 r 2 = F (13.4) (13.3) d 2

5 c P 5 kn n t π (.5 P 7 MP π (.5 n t n cos π. MP 6 4 t sin π 6 cos π 6.7 MP 4 P P N i i i i N i j F j ii N i i ii F j i i N ii li i F j i ij li i i i

i j ij i j ii,, i j ij ij ij (, P P P P θ N θ P P cosθ N F N P cosθ F Psinθ P P F P P θ N P cos θ cos θ cosθ F P sinθ cosθ sinθ cosθ sinθ 5 c P 5 kn n t π (.5 P 7 MP π (.5 n t n cos π. MP 6 4 t sin π 6

x,, z v = (, b, c) v v 2 + b 2 + c 2 x,, z 1 i = (1, 0, 0), j = (0, 1, 0), k = (0, 0, 1) v 1 = ( 1, b 1, c 1 ), v 2 = ( 2, b 2, c 2 ) v

12 -- 1 4 2009 9 4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 4-6 4-7 4-8 4-9 4-10 c 2011 1/(13) 4--1 2009 9 3 x,, z v = (, b, c) v v 2 + b 2 + c 2 x,, z 1 i = (1, 0, 0), j = (0, 1, 0), k = (0, 0, 1) v 1 = ( 1, b 1, c 1 ), v 2

() (, y) E(, y) () E(, y) (3) q ( ) () E(, y) = k q q (, y) () E(, y) = k r r (3).3 [.7 ] f y = f y () f(, y) = y () f(, y) = tan y y ( ) () f y = f y

5. [. ] z = f(, y) () z = 3 4 y + y + 3y () z = y (3) z = sin( y) (4) z = cos y (5) z = 4y (6) z = tan y (7) z = log( + y ) (8) z = tan y + + y ( ) () z = 3 8y + y z y = 4 + + 6y () z = y z y = (3) z =

??

() 2014,,,,, - (ISS) Sontag Hamilton-Jacobi H L 2-, Hamilton-Jacobi-Issacs H,, ISS, ISS Strict Feedback Form,, 2014 1/154 2014 2/154 http://stlab.ssi.ist.hokudai.ac.jp/yuhyama/lecture/tokuron/ 3 2014 3/154

K E N Z U 01 7 16 HP M. 1 1 4 1.1 3.......................... 4 1.................................... 4 1..1..................................... 4 1...................................... 5................................

meiji_resume_1.PDF

β β β (q 1,q,..., q n ; p 1, p,..., p n ) H(q 1,q,..., q n ; p 1, p,..., p n ) Hψ = εψ ε k = k +1/ ε k = k(k 1) (x, y, z; p x, p y, p z ) (r; p r ), (θ; p θ ), (ϕ; p ϕ ) ε k = 1/ k p i dq i E total = E

untitled

20010916 22;1017;23;20020108;15;20; 1 N = {1, 2, } Z + = {0, 1, 2, } Z = {0, ±1, ±2, } Q = { p p Z, q N} R = { lim a q n n a n Q, n N; sup a n < } R + = {x R x 0} n = {a + b 1 a, b R} u, v 1 R 2 2 R 3

i

009 I 1 8 5 i 0 1 0.1..................................... 1 0.................................................. 1 0.3................................. 0.4........................................... 3

2016 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 1 16 2 1 () X O 3 (O1) X O, O (O2) O O (O3) O O O X (X, O) O X X (O1), (O2), (O3) (O2) (O3) n (O2) U 1,..., U n O U k O k=1 (O3) U λ O( λ Λ) λ Λ U λ O 0 X 0 (O2) n =

4. ϵ(ν, T ) = c 4 u(ν, T ) ϵ(ν, T ) T ν π4 Planck dx = 0 e x 1 15 U(T ) x 3 U(T ) = σt 4 Stefan-Boltzmann σ 2π5 k 4 15c 2 h 3 = W m 2 K 4 5.

A 1. Boltzmann Planck u(ν, T )dν = 8πh ν 3 c 3 kt 1 dν h 6.63 10 34 J s Planck k 1.38 10 23 J K 1 Boltzmann u(ν, T ) T ν e hν c = 3 10 8 m s 1 2. Planck λ = c/ν Rayleigh-Jeans u(ν, T )dν = 8πν2 kt dν c

2

III 22 7 4 3....................................... 3.2 Kepler ( ).......................... 2 2 4 2.................................. 4 2.2......................................... 8 3 20 3..........................................

K E N Z U 2012 7 16 HP M. 1 1 4 1.1 3.......................... 4 1.2................................... 4 1.2.1..................................... 4 1.2.2.................................... 5................................

Gmech08.dvi

51 5 5.1 5.1.1 P r P z θ P P P z e r e, z ) r, θ, ) 5.1 z r e θ,, z r, θ, = r sin θ cos = r sin θ sin 5.1) e θ e z = r cos θ r, θ, 5.1: 0 r

1. (8) (1) (x + y) + (x + y) = 0 () (x + y ) 5xy = 0 (3) (x y + 3y 3 ) (x 3 + xy ) = 0 (4) x tan y x y + x = 0 (5) x = y + x + y (6) = x + y 1 x y 3 (

1 1.1 (1) (1 + x) + (1 + y) = 0 () x + y = 0 (3) xy = x (4) x(y + 3) + y(y + 3) = 0 (5) (a + y ) = x ax a (6) x y 1 + y x 1 = 0 (7) cos x + sin x cos y = 0 (8) = tan y tan x (9) = (y 1) tan x (10) (1 +

S I. dy fx x fx y fx + C 3 C vt dy fx 4 x, y dy yt gt + Ct + C dt v e kt xt v e kt + C k x v k + C C xt v k 3 r r + dr e kt S Sr πr dt d v } dt k e kt

S I. x yx y y, y,. F x, y, y, y,, y n http://ayapin.film.s.dendai.ac.jp/~matuda n /TeX/lecture.html PDF PS yx.................................... 3.3.................... 9.4................5..............

4 5.............................................. 5............................................ 6.............................................. 7......................................... 8.3.................................................4.........................................4..............................................4................................................4.3...............................................

18 I ( ) (1) I-1,I-2,I-3 (2) (3) I-1 ( ) (100 ) θ ϕ θ ϕ m m l l θ ϕ θ ϕ 2 g (1) (2) 0 (3) θ ϕ (4) (3) θ(t) = A 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + A 2 cos(ω 2 t + α

18 I ( ) (1) I-1,I-2,I-3 (2) (3) I-1 ( ) (100 ) θ ϕ θ ϕ m m l l θ ϕ θ ϕ 2 g (1) (2) 0 (3) θ ϕ (4) (3) θ(t) = A 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + A 2 cos(ω 2 t + α 2 ), ϕ(t) = B 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + B 2 cos(ω 2 t

23 7 28 i i 1 1 1.1................................... 2 1.2............................... 3 1.2.1.................................... 3 1.2.2............................... 4 1.2.3 SI..............................

ma22-9 u ( v w) = u v w sin θê = v w sin θ u cos φ = = 2.3 ( a b) ( c d) = ( a c)( b d) ( a d)( b c) ( a b) ( c d) = (a 2 b 3 a 3 b 2 )(c 2 d 3 c 3 d

A 2. x F (t) =f sin ωt x(0) = ẋ(0) = 0 ω θ sin θ θ 3! θ3 v = f mω cos ωt x = f mω (t sin ωt) ω t 0 = f ( cos ωt) mω x ma2-2 t ω x f (t mω ω (ωt ) 6 (ωt)3 = f 6m ωt3 2.2 u ( v w) = v ( w u) = w ( u v) ma22-9

50 2 I SI MKSA r q r q F F = 1 qq 4πε 0 r r 2 r r r r (2.2 ε 0 = 1 c 2 µ 0 c = m/s q 2.1 r q' F r = 0 µ 0 = 4π 10 7 N/A 2 k = 1/(4πε 0 qq

49 2 I II 2.1 3 e e = 1.602 10 19 A s (2.1 50 2 I SI MKSA 2.1.1 r q r q F F = 1 qq 4πε 0 r r 2 r r r r (2.2 ε 0 = 1 c 2 µ 0 c = 3 10 8 m/s q 2.1 r q' F r = 0 µ 0 = 4π 10 7 N/A 2 k = 1/(4πε 0 qq F = k r

1 (1) () (3) I 0 3 I I d θ = L () dt θ L L θ I d θ = L = κθ (3) dt κ T I T = π κ (4) T I κ κ κ L l a θ L r δr δl L θ ϕ ϕ = rθ (5) l

1 1 ϕ ϕ ϕ S F F = ϕ (1) S 1: F 1 1 (1) () (3) I 0 3 I I d θ = L () dt θ L L θ I d θ = L = κθ (3) dt κ T I T = π κ (4) T I κ κ κ L l a θ L r δr δl L θ ϕ ϕ = rθ (5) l : l r δr θ πrδr δf (1) (5) δf = ϕ πrδr

1 1.1 H = µc i c i + c i t ijc j + 1 c i c j V ijklc k c l (1) V ijkl = V jikl = V ijlk = V jilk () t ij = t ji, V ijkl = V lkji (3) (1) V 0 H mf = µc

013 6 30 BCS 1 1.1........................ 1................................ 3 1.3............................ 3 1.4............................... 5 1.5.................................... 5 6 3 7 4 8

III Kepler ( )

III 9 8 3....................................... 3.2 Kepler ( ).......................... 0 2 3 2.................................. 3 2.2......................................... 7 3 9 3..........................................