労働安全衛生総合研究所特別研究報告 JNIOSH-SRR-No.37(2008) 1. はじめに H 5m 1 2 図 1 2. 実験方法 列に組み上げたサンドル ( シングルタワー ) H ~4m 3000kN 2 160kN 写真 1 4m A 写

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1 Specific Research Reports of the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, JNIOSH-SRR-No.37 (2008) UDC 624.2/.8: サンドルの水平安定性に関する実験的検討 * 大幢勝利 **, 高梨成次 **, 高橋弘樹 ** 3. Experimental Study on Horizontal Stability of Saddle* by Katsutoshi OHDO**, Seiji TAKANASHI** and Hiroki TAKAHASHI** Abstract; When constructing or reconstructing bridge girders, a temporary structure called a saddle is often used as a support. The saddle is composed of many stacked steel H-beams, each with a width and height of 150 mm, in a double cross. The load on the saddle comprises the vertical load due to the weight of the bridge girders, and the horizontal load due to the launching erection. Although the strength against vertical loads is considered when designing the saddles, the horizontal stability against the horizontal load has largely been judged based on the experience of the construction workers. In recent years, 2-edge girders have been widely used in steel bridges to reduce the cost, but fewer girders means not only a greater girder height but also higher saddles to support them. When saddles are higher than 5 m and conventional construction methods that rely on workers experience are used, the horizontal stability of the saddles could constitute a risk as skilled workers are decreasing in number. However, few studies have focused on the horizontal stability of saddles through experiments and analyses. Therefore, in this study we conducted experiments which involved applying vertical and horizontal loads to actual saddles stacked in a basic arrangement to obtain fundamental data on the horizontal stability of the saddles. In the experiments, vertical and horizontal loads were applied to saddles measuring in height from 1 m to 4 m for a single saddle, and 3 m and 5 m for the twin saddles. The twin saddles were connected to each other by steel angles and braces. All of these conditions were decided based on the opinions of on-site engineers and considered to be similar to the conditions at actual construction sites. The vertical loads increased in increments of 500 kn from 500 kn to 3000 kn and the horizontal load, which was 5%, 10%, and 20% of each vertical load, was applied to the top of the saddle to examine the maximum vertical load that could be applied to the corresponding horizontal load. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The 2-m single saddles could bear the horizontal load of 10% until the vertical load reached 3000 kn. However, the 3-m single saddles could not bear the horizontal load of 10% until the vertical load reached even 2000 kn, and the 4-m single saddles could not bear the horizontal load of 10% even before the vertical load reached 500 kn. 2) When considering seismic load, the 2-m saddle and 1000 kn vertical load appears to be the limit. 3) On the other hand, the twin saddles connected to each other were stable at the height of even 5 m against seismic load. 4) Therefore, it is concluded that single saddles should be connected to each other when the saddle height exceeds 2 m in consideration of the limits of the combination loads. Keywords; Bridge girder, Erection, Horizontal stability, Saddle, H-beam. * The 4th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management 2008 ** Construction Safety Research Group 21

2 労働安全衛生総合研究所特別研究報告 JNIOSH-SRR-No.37(2008) 1. はじめに H 5m 1 2 図 1 2. 実験方法 列に組み上げたサンドル ( シングルタワー ) H ~4m 3000kN 2 160kN 写真 1 4m A 写真 2 B 写真 3 2 写真 2,3 2 写真 12 写真 32 21mm 2m H 写真 1 4m のシングルタワー 図 1 実験状況 ( シングルタワー,3m の場合 ) 22

3 サンドルの水平安定性に関する実験的検討 写真 2 2 サンドル材 Aタイプ 写真 3 3 サンドル材 B タイプ 列に組み上げたサンドル ( ツインタワー ) 2 L m 5m 5m 写真 4 A B 2 図 2 写真 4 5m のツインタワー 4 5m 2.3 水平加力方法 図 1 図 2 500kN 500kN 3000kN 5% 10% 20 5% 10% 20 写真 1 写真 4 5% 10% 20% kN 図 2 実験状況 ( ツインタワー,3m の場合 ) 23

4 労働安全衛生総合研究所特別研究報告 JNIOSH-SRR-No.37(2008) 表 1 表 1 実験における各種条件 3. 実験結果と考察 3.1 サンドルの限界荷重 図 3 図 3 2m 3000kN10% 3m 1500kN10% 4m 500kN10% 4m 20% 2m 1000kN3m 20% 5m 10% 20% 3000kN 1500kN 4m 500kN10% 3.2 サンドルの破壊形態 写真 5 写真 62 写真 5 写真 6 4m 500kN10% 3500 タイプ 水平 サンドル 3000 A 5% シングル 鉛直荷重 kn シングルタワー 験 の限界 ツインタワー 験 の限界 B 5% シングル ABと 10% シングル ABと 20% シングル ABと 5%10% ツイン 1000 シングルタワーサンドルの破壊 AB と 20% ツイン サンドルの高さ m 図 3 水平加力ができなくなる限界の鉛直荷重とサンドルの高さとの関係 24

5 サンドルの水平安定性に関する実験的検討 3.3 鉛直荷重とサンドル最上端の水平変形の関係 図 4 図 5 5% 10% 20% 写真 6 1m 2m 10% 20% 3m4m 10% 3m 5m 10% 2000kN 20%1500kN 100mm 50mm 50mm 3.4 水平荷重とサンドル最上端の水平変形の関係 図 6 図 kN 2000kN 3000kN 2m 200kN 50mm 3m 100kN 50mm 5m 200kN50mm 写真 5 サンドル材の変形写真 6 サンドルの横倒れ 25

6 労働安全衛生総合研究所特別研究報告 JNIOSH-SRR-No.37(2008) 図 4 水平荷重の割合 (H=5%,10%,20%) 毎の, 鉛直荷重とその時のサンドル最上端の水平変形量の関係 ( シングルタワーの場合 ) 26

7 サンドルの水平安定性に関する実験的検討 図 5 水平荷重の割合 (H=5%,10%,20%) 毎の, 鉛直荷重とその時のサンドル最上端の水平変形量の関係 ( ツインタワーの場合 ) 27

8 労働安全衛生総合研究所特別研究報告 JNIOSH-SRR-No.37(2008) 図 6 鉛直荷重 (R=1000kN,2000kN,3000kN) 毎の, 水平荷重とその時のサンドル最上端の水平変形量の関係 ( シングルタワーの場合 ) 28

9 サンドルの水平安定性に関する実験的検討 図 7 鉛直荷重 (R=1000kN,2000kN,3000kN) 毎の, 水平荷重とその時のサンドル最上端の水平変形量の関係 ( ツインタワーの場合 ) 29

10 労働安全衛生総合研究所特別研究報告 JNIOSH-SRR-No.37(2008) 3.5 ツインタワーの連けい効果 図 8 A 3m 図 8 10%20 図 9 高さ 5m で鉛直荷重 1500kN, 水平荷重 20% の場合における水平材に発生していたひずみ 図 8 サンドル 1 列あたりに作用する鉛直荷重と水平変形量の関係 5m A 1500kN 20% 図 9 図 9 写真 7 図 9 4 写真 7 水平材のひずみ測定位置 ( 水平荷重に対して右側のみ ) 30

11 サンドルの水平安定性に関する実験的検討 5m AB 20% 100kN 200kN 300kN 図 10 写真 8 図 10 図 9 200kN 100kN 8 3P 写真 8 ブレースの構造とひずみ測定位置 図 10 高さ 5m で水平荷重 20% の場合におけるブレースに発生していた軸力 31

12 労働安全衛生総合研究所特別研究報告 JNIOSH-SRR-No.37(2008) 4. まとめ 3500 の値 上 2m 2m 図 11 10% 1, 2 1 2m 図 mm 50mm 50mm 謝辞 鉛直荷重の限界値 kn 水平荷重の限界値 kn 図 11 サンドルの高さごとの鉛直荷重の限界値 ( ツインタワーは1 列のシングルタワーあたりに換算 ) シングルタワーで 用 な高さ サンドルの高さ m シングルタワーで 用 な高さ の値 上 の値 上 の値 上 ツインタワーとす き高さ ツインタワーとす き高さ サンドルの高さ m 図 12 サンドルの高さごとの水平荷重の限界値 ( ツインタワーは1 列のシングルタワーあたりに換算 )

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