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14 1970). Baumol, W. J., Panzar, J. C. and R. D. Willig (1982); Contestable Markets and The Theory of Industry Structure, Caves, R. and M. E. Porter (1977); From entry barriers to mobility barriers: conjectural decisions and contrived deterrence to new competition, Quarterly Journal of Economics, May Comanar, W. S. and H. E. Frech (1984); Strategic behavior and antitrust analysis, American Economic Review, May Dixit, A. (1982); Recent development in oligopoly theory, American Economic Review, May Geroski, P. A, and A. Jacquemin (1984); Dominant firms and their alleged decline, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 1984 (2). Geroski, P. A., Phlips, L. and A. Ulph (1985); Oligopoly, competition and welfare: some recent developments, Journal of Industrial Economics, June Kaysen, C. and D. F. Turner (1959); Antitrust Policy, Kreps, D. M. and A. M. Spence (1983); Modelling the role of history in industrial organization and competition, Harvard Univ. Discussion Paper, July Phillips, A. (1970); Structure, conduct, and performance-and performance, conduct, and structure (in, Industrial Organization and Economic Development, ed. by J. W. Markham et al., 1970). 1982). Porter, M. E. (1981); Strategic interaction: some lessons from industry histories for theory and antitrust policy (in, Strategy, Predation, and Antitrust Analysis, ed. by S. C. Salop, FTC Report, 1981). Porter, M. E. (1982); Industrial organization and the evolution of concept for strategic planning (in, Corporate Strategy, The Integration of Corporate Planning Models and Economiccs, ed. by T. H. Naylor, 1982). Salop, S. C. (1979); Strategic entry deterrence, American Economic Review, May Scherer, F. M. [1970); Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance, 1970, 2nd ed Schmalensee, R. [1982a); The new industrial organization and the economic analysis of modern markets (in, Advances in Economic Theory, ed by W. Hildenbrand, 1982). Schmalensee, R. (1982b); Antitrust and the new industrial economics, American Economic Review, 33

15 May Shepard, W. G. (1984); "Contestability" vs. competition, American Economic Review, Sept Spence, A. M. (1981); Competition, entry, and antitrust policy (in, Strategy, Predation and Antitrust Analysis, ed. by Salop, 1981). Williamson, O. E. (1983); Antitrust enforcement: where it has been; where it is going (in, Industrial Organization, Antitrust, and Public Policy, ed. by J. V. Craven, 1983).

16 Recent Developments in Industrial Organization: Their lmplication for Advancement of Industrial studies Minoru Nishida This is an enlarged paper, the draft of which was read at the annual meeting of the Society for Industrial Studies (Japan) on December 1, 1985 in Tokyo. In this paper, I intend to investigate the recent trends of industrial organization economics in the United States of America, in order to help us consider on the future course of our industrial studies. Here, we focus on three aspects, interrelated to each others, of the new trends in industrial organization: towards studies of strategic behavior, analysis of dynamic process of oligopolistic market and competition, and adopting a case study approach rather than cross sectional approach. Specifically, I emphasize the importance of introducing a factor of "learning-by-doing", or learning curve, in dynamic analysis of Japanese manufacturing industries, in the view of a greater role of cummulative improvements to increase efficiency and competitiveness in those industries, for instance, in consumer video casset recorder. And, in relation to this, I suggest that the recent coflicts of "dumping problem" between U. S. and Japanese industries should be analyzed with a dynamic approach of learning curve economies. {Osaka City University} 61

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