Jpn. J. Personality 24(1): (2015)

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1 A SOC AA SOC A, SOC, KG SOC A SOC SOC A A SOC A % Frankl, Lasch, & Allport 1992

2 A SOC A Frankl et al A type A behavior pattern A 1 A Friedman & Rosenman, 1974 A A 1993 A Cohen & Reed, 1985 Friedman & Rosenman, A Lester, 1989 Light, Herbst, Bragdon, Hinderliter, Koch, Davis, 1 A A A Type A & Sheps, A A A A 1993 A A A A Friedman & Rosenman, 1974 A A SOC A Sense of

3 CoherenceSOC SOC SOC Antonovsky 1987 SOC SOC general resistance resourcesgrrs 2008 Antonovsky, 1987 Antonovsky SOC life orientation SOC SOC SOC SOC Skärsäter, Langius, Agren, Häggström, & Dencker 2005 SOC 2009 SOC SOC SOC SOC A Antonovsky 1987 A SOC A SOC Söderberg, Lundman, & Norberg 1997 SOC A SOC A SOC A A SOC A SOC Antonovsky 1987

4 A SOC 41 A SOC 2005 A SOC A A SOC A SOC A A SOC A SOC A A 1992 KG KG AType A aggressionhostilityah hard driving-time urgency HT speed-power SP AH 18 HT 15 SP A SOC SOC Sense of Coherence SOC SOC AH HT 2 HT SP 2 4

5 DSM-IV Zung Self-rating Depression ScaleSDS SDS 1973 HAD % Cronbach α KG Type A, AH, HT, SP.790,.741,.679,.636 SOC13.737, SDS.795 Table 1 Welch Table 1 Descriptive statistics of each variable N 245 Minimum Maximum Mean SD Median Type A AH HT SP SOC SDS Note. Type A Type A behavior pattern; AH aggressionhostility; HT hard driving-time urgency; SP speedpower; SOC13 The 13 items Sense of Coherence Scale; SDS Self-rating Depression Scale. Table 2 Sex differences in each variable Males n 134 Mean SD Females n 111 t df Type A t , n.s. a AH t , n.s. a HT t , n.s. a SP t , n.s. a SOC t , n.s. a SDS t , n.s. a Note. Type A Type A behavior pattern; AH aggressionhostility; HT hard driving-time urgency; SP speedpower; SOC13 The 13 items Sense of Coherence Scale; SDS Self-rating Depression Scale. a Difference was calculated by Welch s t-test. Table 2 Table 3 Type A, AH, HT, SP SOC13 Type A, AH, HT, SDS AH SDS SP SOC13 SP SDS A SOC SDS A SOC SDS

6 A SOC 43 Table 3 Pearson correlation coefficients among all variables N 245 Type A AH HT SP SOC13 Type A AH.80** HT.76**.46** SP.69**.27**.37** SOC13.16*.37**.16*.19** SDS.02.22**.09.26**.64** Note. Type A Type A behavior pattern; AH aggressionhostility; HT hard driving-time urgency; SP speedpower; SOC13 The 13 items Sense of Coherence Scale; SDS Self-rating Depression Scale. *p.05, **p.01 Table 4 Differences between lower and higher groups of each variable Note. Type A Type A behavior pattern; SDS Self-rating Depression Scale; SOC13 The 13 items Sense of Coherence Scale; LG Lower group; HG Higher group. Figure 1 Means of SDS scores in lower and higher groups of Type A and SOC13 scores Mean SD t df Type A LG n t **a HG n AH LG n t **a HG n HT LG n t **a HG n SP LG n t **a HG n SOC13 LG n t **a HG n Note. Type A Type A behavior pattern; AH aggressionhostility; HT hard driving-time urgency; SP speedpower; SOC13 The 13 items Sense of Coherence Scale; SDS Self-rating Depression Scale. * p.05, ** p.01 a) Difference was calculated by Welch s t-test. Note. AH aggression-hostility; SDS Self-rating Depression Scale; SOC13 The 13 items Sense of Coherence Scale; LG Lower group; HG Higher group. Figure 2 Means of SDS scores in lower and higher groups of AH and SOC13 scores Type A, AH, HT, SP, SOC13 Table 1 2 Table 4 Welch Table 4 01 Type A SOC13 SDS SOC13 F 1, , p.01 Type A Figure 1 AH SOC13 SDS AH F 1, , p.05 SOC13 F 1, , p.01

7 Figure 4 SP SOC13 F 1, , p.01 Note. HT hard driving-time urgency; SDS Selfrating Depression Scale; SOC13 The 13 items Sense of Coherence Scale; LG Lower group; HG Higher group. Figure 3 Means of SDS scores in lower and higher groups of HT and SOC13 scores Note. SP speed-power; SDS Self-rating Depression Scale; SOC13 The 13 items Sense of Coherence Scale; LG Lower group; HG Higher group. Figure 4 Means of SDS scores in lower and higher groups of SP and SOC13 scores Figure 2 HT SOC13 SDS SOC13 F 1, , p.01 HT Figure 3 SP SOC13 SDS SP F 1, , p.05 SOC13 F 1, , p.01 F 1, , p Type A AH HT SP 43.58, 21.76, 13.22, , 20.36, 12.67, AH 2013 SOC SOC SDS SDS SDS A SOC A A A

8 A SOC A SOC SOC SOC SOC Frankl et al SOC A SOC A, SOC SOC A SOC A SOC A SOC A SOC SOC ASOC Margareta & Fridlund, 2003 SOC A SOC Antonovsky 1987 A SOC KG SOC 1993 SOC SOC A 2013 SOC Antonovsky, 1987

9 A A Friedman & Rosenman, 1974 A SOC A SOC SOC Antonovsky, 1987 SOC KG A Buss Perry , Antonovsky, A. (1987). Unraveling the mystery of health: How people manage stress. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Cohen, J. B., & Reed, D. (1985). The type A behavior pattern and coronary heart disease among Japanese men in Hawaii. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 8, Sense of Coherence SOC 19, Sense of Coherence scale SOC , Frankl, V. E., Lasch, I., & Allport, G. W. (1992). Man s search for meaning: An introduction to logotherapy. 4th ed. Boston: Beacon Press. Friedman, M., & Rosenman, R. H. (1974). Type A behavior and your heart. New York: Knopf. Friedman, M., & Rosenman, R. H. (1959). Association of specific overt behavior pattern with blood and cardiovascular findings: Blood cholesterol level, blood clotting time, incidence of arcus senilis, and clinical coronary artery disease. Journal of the American Medical Association, 169, , SDS Self-rating Depression Scale 2006

10 A SOC 47 28, A A, 4, A, 2, Type A B 5, A 19, A A, 4, , , , hftyosa00/ , Lester, D. (1989). Type A behavior, depression and suicidal ideation. Psychological Reports, 65, Light, K. C., Herbst, M. C., Bragdon, E. E., Hinderliter, A. L., Koch, G. G., Davis, M. R., & Sheps, D. S. (1991). Depression and type A behavior pattern in patients with coronary artery disease: Relationships to painful versus silent myocardial ischemia and betaendorphin responses during exercise. Psychosomatic Medicine, 53, A 29, A A, 1, A 21, Margareta, I. K., & Fridlund, B. (2003). Self-rated health among university students in relation to sense of coherence and other personality traits. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Science, 17, A App A A, 4, A 49, , , A Buss Perry 43, A App A A, 4, , , Skärsäter, I., Langius, A., Agren, H., Häggström, L., &

11 Dencker, K. (2005). Sense of coherence and social support in relation to recovery in first-episode patients with major depression: A one-year prospective study. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 14, Söderberg, S., Lundman, B., & Norberg, A. (1997). Living with fibromyalgia: Sense of coherence, perception of well-being, and stress in daily life. Research in Nursing & Health, 20, , , Sense of Coherence , , , A KG A, 3, SOC Quality Nursing, 5, SOC Zung, W. W. K. (1965). A self-rating depression scale. Archives of General Psychiatry, 12, The Effects of the Type A Behavior Pattern and Sense of Coherence on Depressive Tendencies in Japanese College Students Takayoshi Kase 1 and Kazuo Oishi 2 1 Graduate School of Community and Human Services, Rikkyo University 2 College of Community and Human Services, Rikkyo University The Japanese Journal of Personality 2015, Vol. 24 No.1, This study investigated the effects of the Type A behavior pattern (Type A) and sense of coherence (SOC) on depressive tendencies in Japanese college students. KG s Daily Life Questionnaire (Yamazaki et al., 1992), the 13 item Sense of Coherence scale (Yamazaki, 1999), and the Self-rating Depression Scale (Fukuda & Kobayashi, 1973) were used to assess Type A, SOC, and depressive tendencies, respectively. A two-way factorial analysis of variance of the data from 245 college students found that those who have higher Type A aggression-hostility showed higher depressive tendencies, and those who have higher SOC showed lower depressive tendencies. Additionally, those participants in the higher SOC group who have higher Type A speed-power showed lower depressive tendencies. These results suggest that depressive tendencies are related to aggression-hostility and speed-power of Type A, and SOC. Key words: Type A behavior pattern, sense of coherence, depressive tendency, college student

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