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1 Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, Ser. E, 28, pp , December 22, The Mechanism of Automatic Display for the Temporal Hour in the Japanese Clocks Katsuhiro SASAKI Department of Science and Engineering, National Science Museum, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo , Japan Takehiko HASHIMOTO Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Tokyo University, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo , Japan Hideo TSUCHIYA Tokiwadaira, Matsudo, Chiba , Japan Katsuyuki KONDO Higashi-yotsugi, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo , Japan Kazuo OKADA 961 Kamo-cho, Omihachiman, Shiga , Japan

2 32 Abstract In 2003, HASHIMOTO and TSUHIYA noticed a movement of Japanese clock in the survey on scientific historical materials at TAKEKAWA house in Matsuzaka city, Mie. In the investigation into this Japanese clock, it was understood that it is a lantern clock with the quite rare, automatic display for temporal hour as Japanese clocks. The myriad-year-clock, made by Hisashige TANAKA in 1851 who was called Karakuri Giemon, has also the automatic display for temporal hour. Meanwhile, SASAKI had investigated into such Japanese clocks and gathered informations about automatic display for many years. The trial for such kind of automatic displays for them started in the late Edo period. And the improvements of the accuracy for time keeping and of the operationality of them are very interesting for us because they show the characteristics of the technical development in them. We have investigated into 9 cases in 4 kinds of automatic display mechanisms and calculated the numbers of days for annual motion in gear trains. As the result, it has been revealed that the tooth number 73 of the annual gear was very convenient and important to fix the numbers of days for annual motion of their mechanisms. Key words : automatic display mechanism, temporal hour, Japanese clocks C H 1) 2) )

3 33 4) 5) Japanese Clocks 6) French Clocks 7) X ) (1) 1 8) cm 9)

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16 X 1) C. H. Howard E 25: 1 7, ) 2) M. Emile James. Pendules japonaises. Journal, Suisse d Horlogerie. XI: 6 8, ) ) 5) ) N. H. N. Mody. Japanese Clocks, Plate 70. Kganpaul, Trench, Trubner & Co, ) Tardy. Clocks the World Over, French Clocks, Tardy, p ) 2 9) 55No. J ) 11)

17 , ) Sotheby s MASTERPIECES FROM THE TIME MU- SEUM, PART TWO. June 19, New York 13) M. Emile James. Pendules japonaises. Journal, Suisse d Horlogerie. XI: 6 8, ) M. Emile James. Pendules japonaises. Journal, Suisse d Horlogerie. XI: 6 8, (Pirouette escapement) P. M. Chamberlain. It s About Time. The Holland press, ) Antiquorum Japanese Clocks catalog.html 16) ) X FCA AC-5 18)

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