Bulletin of the Faculty of Foreign Studies, Sophia University, No Resume Roman Polanski s Macbeth TAKANORI TOGO Roman Polanski s film Macbet

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1 Bulletin of the Faculty of Foreign Studies, Sophia University, No Resume Roman Polanski s Macbeth TAKANORI TOGO Roman Polanski s film Macbeth failed both commercially and critically when it first appeared in It was so brutal and full of blood that some critics found it difficult to discuss it as a work of art. Also the nudity it contained gathered undue attention. Yet Polanski, together with Kenneth Tynan, elaborately prepared the script and made it into a remarkable film filled with minute visual and aural images, which together composed the nonpareil cinematic tour de force. To use the words of Polanski himself, it succeeded to show the behavior of people under stress, when they can no longer afford to respect the conventional rules and morals of society. Polanski s film Macbeth is a work of art that deserves close exegesis.

2 2 TAKANORI TOGO l Samuel Crowl, Shakespeare Observed: studies in performance on stage and screen. (Athens: Ohio University Press, 1992), p.p Jack J. Jorgens, Shakespeare on Film. (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1977; rpt. ed., Lanham, Maryland, 1991: University Press of America), p Stephen M. Buhler, Shakespeare in the Cinema: Ocular Proof. (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2002), p.84.

3 Roman Polanski s Macbeth Daniel Bird, Roman Polanski. (Harpenden: Pocket Essentials, 2002), p.p Thomas Kiernan, Roman Polanski: A Biography. (New York: Grove Press, 1980), p.p Kenneth S. Rothwell, Shakespeare on Screen: A Century of Film and Television. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), p.157.

4 4 TAKANORI TOGO Bernice W. Kliman, Gleanings: The Residue of Difference in Scripts: The Case of Polanski s Macbeth, in Jay L. Halio & Hugh Richmond ed., Shakespeare Illuminations: Essays in Honor of Marvin Rosenberg. (Newark : University of Delaware Press, 1998), p.p

5 Roman Polanski s Macbeth Crowl, p.24.

6 6 TAKANORI TOGO Jorgens, p Rothwell, p Ibid., p.161.

7 Roman Polanski s Macbeth Crowl, p.29.

8 8 TAKANORI TOGO Kliman, p.141.

9 Roman Polanski s Macbeth 9

10 10 TAKANORI TOGO Ibid., p Ibid., p.p

11 Roman Polanski s Macbeth Crowl, p.26.

12 12 TAKANORI TOGO Ibid., p. 27.

13 Roman Polanski s Macbeth 13 ( Here s our chief guest. )

14 14 TAKANORI TOGO

15 Roman Polanski s Macbeth ( marginality ) ( vulnerability ) ( malignity ) ( marginality ) Buhler, p Deborah Cartmell, Interpreting Shakespeare on Screen. (Houndmills: Macmillan Press, 2000), p. 19.

16 16 TAKANORI TOGO cf. Kiernan, p Roman Polanski, Roman by Polanski. (New York: William Morrow and Company, 1984), p.p

17 Roman Polanski s Macbeth Kiernan, p Buhler, p.84.

18 18 TAKANORI TOGO Polanski, p Kiernan, p.241.

19 Roman Polanski s Macbeth Jorgens, 174.

20 20 TAKANORI TOGO ( 1992 ) p.99

21 Roman Polanski s Macbeth Rothwell, p.160.

22 22 TAKANORI TOGO Bird, Daniel. Roman Polanski. Harpenden: Pocket Essentials, Brode, Douglas. Shakespeare in the Movies: From the Silent Era to Shakespeare in Love. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Buhler, Stephen M.. Shakespeare in the Cinema: Ocular Proof. Albany: State University of New York Press, Butler, Ivan. The Cinema of Roman Polanski. London: A. Zwemmer Limited, Cartmell, Deborah. Interpreting Shakespeare on Screen. Houndmills: Macmillan Press, Crowl, Samuel. Shakespeare Observed: studies in performance on stage and screen. Athens: Ohia University Press, Davies, Anthony & Wells, Stanley ed.. Shakespeare and the Moving Image: the plays on film and television. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Guntner, J. Lawrence. Hamlet, Macbeth, King Lear on Film, in Jackson, Russell ed., The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare on Film. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Halio, Jay L. & Richmond, Hugh ed.. Shakespeare Illuminations: Essays in Honor of Marvin Rosenberg. Newark: University of Delaware Press, Jackson, Russell ed.. The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare on Film. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Jorgens, Jack J.. Shakespeare on Film. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1977; rpt. ed., Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, Kiernan, Thomas. Roman Polanski: A Biography. New York: Grove Press, Kliman, Bernice W.. Gleanings: The Residue of Difference in Scripts:

23 Roman Polanski s Macbeth 23 The Case of Polanski s Macbeth, in Halio, Jay L. & Richmond, Hugh ed., Shakespearean Illuminations: Essays in Honor of Marvin Rosenberg. Newark: University of Delaware Press, Manvell, Roger. Shakespeare and the Film. Cranbury: A.S. Barnes & Co., Nostbakken, Faith. Understanding Macbeth: A Student Casebook to Issues, Sources, and Historical Documents. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, Polanski, Roman. Roman by Polanski. New York: William Morrow and Company, Rothwell, Kenneth S. Shakespeare on Screen: A Century of Film and Television. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, [] []

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(Paul Davis) (Paul Schlicke) (6) (6) King Lear The Pilgrim s Progress (1678) The Old Curiosity Shop King Lear The Pilgrim s Progress King Lear The Pil Abstract The Old Man and the Child in The Old Curiosity Shop The purpose of this paper is to show the symbolic meaning of the death of Little Nell in The Old Curiosity Shop (1841) by considering the novel