UWB a) Accuracy of Relative Distance Measurement with Ultra Wideband System Yuichiro SHIMIZU a) and Yukitoshi SANADA (Ultra Wideband; UWB) UWB GHz DLL

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1 UWB a) Accuracy of Relative Distance Measurement with Ultra Wideband System Yuichiro SHIMIZU a) and Yukitoshi SANADA (Ultra Wideband; UWB) UWB GHz DLL UWB (DLL) UWB DLL 1. UWB FCC (Federal Communications Commission) UWB [1] FCC MHz UWB [1] UWB FCC 3.1 GHz 10.6 GHz UWB UWB UWB UWB Sanada Lab., Dept. Elec. Engn., Keio University, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi, Japan a) yuro@snd.elec.keio.ac.jp UWB 1ns [2] UWB [6], [7] UWB DLL UWB UWB 1310 A Vol. J86 A No. 12 pp

2 UWB UWB UWB [3] UWB AWGN 2. 2 UWB 1 DLL DLL UWB ω cor(t) r(i, j, t) x(i) x(i) ˆb(i) ˆτ(n) 2 1 bit M Biphase c j ω tr T f [2], [8] r (i, j, t) =Ab ic jω rec (t τ (Mi+ j) T f )+n(t) (1) A b i i c j j ω rec t τ M T f n(t) UWB τ [8] 2 Fig. 2 Frame of the transmit signal. 3 Fig. 3 Received pulse. 1 Fig. 1 Block diagram of the system. 4 Fig. 4 Template signal. 1311

3 2003/12 Vol. J86 A No Fig. 5 Samples of template signal. 1312

4 UWB 2 ω rec(t) { [ ] t 2 } ( [ ] t 2 ) = 1 4π exp 2π t n t n (2) t n 3 ω rec(t) 0 ω rec(t) Norm. Time 200 ps τ ω cor(t) =ω rec (t + δ) ω rec (t δ) (3) δ 4 5 δ δ =0.0 δ = δ 0.4 x(i) = M 1 j=0 r(i, j, t)c jω cor (t (Mi+ j) T f τ) dt. (4) x(i) i 6 τ τ1 τ2 DLL 2. 3 τ 6 Fig. 6 Correlate. 0 ˆτ i=n i=n N+1 ˆτ(n) =k x(i)ˆb i (5) N k 6 ˆb i 2. 4 [4], [5] ˆτ AWGN δ ɛ N Bi-phase ps 1313

5 2003/12 Vol. J86 A No Table 1 Assumption of simulation AWGN ɛ = δ = N = Table 2 Mapping of normalized tracking jitter variance mm mm mm mm mm 7 (δ =0.15) Fig. 7 Normalized tracking jitter variance. (Clock) 3 Table 3 Mapping of normalized mean time µs µs µs ms ms ɛ E b /N 0 E b /N 0 E b /N 0 E b /N 0 E b /N 0 8 E b /N 0 ɛ 8 (δ =0.15) Fig. 8 Normalized tracking clock jitter variance. (E b /N 0) δ δ =0.05 δ =0.15 δ δ =0.33 E b /N δ

6 UWB 9 (ɛ =0.0) Fig. 9 Normalized tracking jitter variance. (Template) 11 (ɛ =0.0) Fig. 11 Normalized tracking template jitter variance. (E b /N 0) 10 δ (ɛ =0.0) Fig. 10 The curve appeared when δ is too large. (Template) 10 E b /N 0 δ = db 2 10 ˆτ 0 E b /N 0 δ = db ˆτ 0 E b /N 0 12 (δ =0.15) Fig. 12 Normalized mean time to lose lock. (Clock) 11 E b /N 0 δ δ δ E b /N 0 δ =0.4 E b /N ɛ 13 E b /N 0 ɛ 1315

7 2003/12 Vol. J86 A No (δ =0.15) Fig. 13 Normalized mean time to clock lose lock. (E b /N 0) 15 (ɛ =0.0) Fig. 15 Normalized mean time to template lose lock. (E b /N 0) 14 (ɛ =0.0) Fig. 14 Normalized mean time to lose lock. (Template) 16 Fig. 16 Normalized tracking jitter variance. (feedback loop)(δ =0.15,ɛ = ) 8 E b /N δ 15 E b /N 0 δ δ 15 δ =0.15 δ = δ (5) k δ

8 UWB 17 Fig. 17 Normalized tracking jitter variance. (feedback loop)(δ =0.15,N =25) 19 (δ =0.15 ) Fig. 19 Normalized tracking jitter variance. (Clock, demodulation) 18 (δ =0.15, 0 db) Fig. 18 Performance gain of feedback loop samples N N =10 1 N = E b /N 0 17 N =25 ɛ E b /N (ɛ =0.0 ) Fig. 20 Normalized tracking jitter variance. (Template, demodulation) 18 ɛ N (5) ˆτ 1317

9 2003/12 Vol. J86 A No E b /N (δ =0.15 ) Fig. 21 Normalized mean time to lose lock. (Clock, demodulation) E b /N 0 (5) ˆτ 4. UWB 22 Fig. 22 (ɛ =0.0 ) Normalized mean time to lose lock. (Template, demodulation) b i =1 19 ɛ 20 δ 21 ɛ 22 δ 19 7 E b /N 0 [1] UWB (UWBST2002) 1318

UWB SST2002-19, July 2002 [2] M.Z. Win and R.A. Scholtz, Ultra-wide bandwidth time-hopping spread-spectrum impulse radio for wireless multiple-access communications, IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.48, no.

[4] Y. Deval, A. Fakhfakh, H. Levi, and N. Milet-Lewis, Study and behavioural simulation of phase noise and jitter in oscillators, IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., vol.5, pp.323 326, 2001. [5] F.

10 UWB SST , July 2002 [2] M.Z. Win and R.A. Scholtz, Ultra-wide bandwidth time-hopping spread-spectrum impulse radio for wireless multiple-access communications, IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.48, no.4, pp , April [3] R.A. Scholtz and M.Z. Win, On the robustness of ultra-wide bandwidth signals in dense multipath environments, IEEE Commun. Lett., vol.2, no.2, pp.51 53, Feb [4] Y. Deval, A. Fakhfakh, H. Levi, and N. Milet-Lewis, Study and behavioural simulation of phase noise and jitter in oscillators, IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., vol.5, pp , [5] F. Herzel and B. Razavi, Oscillator jitter due to supply and substrate noise, IEEE Proc. Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, pp , May [6] R.E. Ziemer and R.L. Peterson, Digital Communications and Spread Spectrum Systems, Macmillan Publishing Company, [7] M. Sawahashi, F. Adachi, and H. Yamamoto, Coherent delay-locked code tracking loop using timemultiplexed pilot for DS-CDMA mobile radio, IEICE Trans. Commun., vol.e81-b, no.7, pp , July [8] F. Ramirez-Mireles, On the performance of ultrawide-band signals in Gaussian noise and dense multipath, IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol.50, no.1, pp , Jan [9] UWB 2003 A-5-27, March WPMC2001 Best Paper Award IEEE

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untitled 1 SS 2 2 (DS) 3 2.1 DS................................ 3 2.2 DS................................ 4 2.3.................................. 4 2.4 (channel papacity)............................ 6 2.5........................................