Macdonald, ,,, Macdonald. Macdonald,,,,,.,, Gauss,,.,, Lauricella A, B, C, D, Gelfand, A,., Heckman Opdam.,,,.,,., intersection,. Macdona
|
|
- もえり ますはら
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Macdonald, ,,, Macdonald. Macdonald,,,,,.,, Gauss,,.,, Lauricella A, B, C, D, Gelfand, A,., Heckman Opdam.,,,.,,., intersection,. Macdonald,, q., Heckman Opdam q,, Macdonald., 1
2 ,,. Macdonald, q, (+ ) Weyl q Laurent., A GL, P λ (x; q, t) P λ (x q, t)., x = (x 1,..., x n ) n, x i C, n (C ) n. λ = (λ 1,..., λ n ) λ i,, λ 1 λ 2... λ n 0, 0.,, (λ 1, λ 2,...), 0. Young. λ 1, λ 2,,, 0, λ. P λ (x; q, t), n λ = (λ 1,..., λ n ), K,., λ K[x] S n, Macdonald.,. q t, Q(q, t). q t,,.,, Macdonald (A GL )..,,,. Macdonald,., Macdonald, Heckman- Opdam 1987,8,. Macdonald p-adic, Heckman- Opdam, Laurent, Heckman-Opdama Laurent 2
3 , variation, q-analogue, 1987,8 Macdonald., 90 Macdonald,.,. ( ). q, Laurent (Fourier ),, ( q ),..,.?,, 1987,8 Macdonald,, q, Macdonald.,., 90, Cherednik, Macdonald q, Hecke ( (double) Hecke ). Hecke, q., Macdonald Cherednik ( Cherednik )., Cherednik Macdonald q, KZ 1, q Cherednik,, Macdonald. Macdonald, Hecke., Macdonald,, A GL, Hecke..,. (reduced), (BC ), Macdonald Koornwinder., Gauss Jacobi., Jacobi n α, β., A 1 Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov. 3
4 GL Macdonald, A 1, Jacobi., Jacobi?,, [0, 1] x α (1 x) β, [ 1, 1], α = β Gegenbauer, (ultra spherical). A 1 Macdonald, Gegenbauer q-analogue. Gauss Jacobi, BC. q Askey Wilson, Koornwinder,,.,, q. A GL, 1. Macdonald.. 2. Hecke (Macdonald-Cherednik ). Hecke Macdonald., Macdonald q., Ruijsenaars. BC, 1., 2..,.?? A Jacobi? x α (1 x) β, (f, g) := 1 0 f(x)g(x)x α (1 x) β dx, Jacobi.? 4
5 A., [ 1, 1] ( ) P n (α,β) (t) := (α + 1) n n, n + α + β + 1 2F 1 ; 1 t n! α [0, 1] t = 1 2x. Gauss, Jacobi., α, β > 1 (P m (α,β), P n (α,β) ) := = α+β+1 1 P (α,β) m 1 2n + α + β + 1 (t)p n (α,β) (t)(1 t) α (1 + t) β dt Γ(n + α + 1)Γ(n + β + 1) δ mn 0 Γ(n + α + β + 1)n!. Jacobi Gauss, (1 t 2 ) d2 y(t) dt 2 + {β α (α + β + 2)t} d y(t) dt + n(n + α + β + 1)y(t) = 0, ( t = 1 2x ).., Jacobi. α = β Gegenbauer. A Macdonald, Gegenbauer q- (A 1 )., ( ).,,, Jacobi?, 1 0 x α 1 (1 x) β dx, (x k, x l ) = 1 0 x α+k+l (1 x) β dx 5
6 .,,,,.??.,.. n ( ),,.,.,., closed.,., f g?.., (f, g),,.,.,.,.., 30.,. 1 Macdonald (A GL ) Macdonald q, q?, q,,,,,..? 80, 90? 6
7 Macdonald ( ),.., Macdonald, ( ) (q, t)-kostka,,.,. 1.1, A GL Macdonald.., A Weyl, Laurent,., K., q t,,. K,. n x 1,..., x n n, K[x] = K[x 1,..., x n ]. n, K[x] S n, n., S n n. n n, K[x] K K. σ S n, K, x i, f = f(x 1,..., x n ) K[x] : σ(f) := f(x σ(1),..., x σ(n) ).. S n K[x] K[x]. σ f σ(f) K[x] Sn := {f K[x] σ(f) = f} K[x] 7
8 , n.,,,. n = 1.,. 2,,., N, µ = (µ 1,..., µ n ) N n, n x := (x 1,..., x n ) µ x µ := x µ 1 1 x µn n. deg x µ = µ := µ µ n., S n, S n N n (or Z n )., σ µ := (µ σ 1 (1),..., µ σ 1 (n)) inverse,.,,, inverse., σ(x µ ) = x µ 1 σ(1) xµ n σ(n) = xµ σ 1 (1) 1 x µ σ 1 (n) n = x σ µ S n K[x], compatible. (monomial) L := N n,, L + := {λ = (λ 1,..., λ n ) L λ 1 λ n 0} 2,., Bourbaki.,.. 8
9 . L + λ, n, λ m λ (x) := x µ µ S n λ. S n L,,,, L +.,, {m λ (x)} λ L +., K[x] S n = λ L + K m λ (x) K[x] = λ L K x λ.,. λ = (l, 0,..., 0) =: (l) = }{{} l m (l) (x) = x l x l n =: p l (x) ( ), λ = (1,..., 1, 0,..., 0) =: (1 }{{} l ) = l m (1 r,0,...,0)(x) = λ = (2, 1, 0,..., 0) = 1 i 1 < <i r n }{{} m (2,1,0,...,0) (x) = l x i1 x in =: e r (x) 1 i,j n i j x 2 i x j. ( ), (dominance ordering) 3. Macdonald,, (dominance ordering) 4. lex µ 1 λ 1 µ 1 + µ 2 λ 1 + λ 2 µ λ. µ µ n 1 λ λ n 1 µ µ n = λ λ n ( µ = λ ) 4, dominance ordering. 9
10 ,,., (3, 3) (4, 1, 1) 3 4, > , ( 1.2 (1) )., µ, λ L. λ = (λ 1,..., λ n ) L + µ = (µ 1,..., µ n ) S n λ., λ 1 λ, µ 1 λ, λ 1 µ 1., λ 1 + λ 2 µ 1 + µ 2. µ 1 µ n, λ 1 λ n, λ 1 + λ 2 λ 1 λ n, µ 1 + µ 2., λ L + S n S n λ µ, λ µ.., i. ε i = (0,, 0, ˇ1, 0,, 0), P := Z n = n Z ε i., µ = (µ 1,..., µ n ) µ = n µ i ε i., α ij := ε i ε j = (0,..., 0, ˇ1, 0,..., 0, i j ˇ 1, 0,..., 0) (i < j),. α i := α ii+1 = ε i ε i+1 = (0,..., 0, ˇ1, i i+1 ˇ 1, 0,..., 0) (i = 1,..., n 1)., A GL., α ij = α i + + α j
11 1.2. µ, ν P (1) µ ν µ ν. lex (2) µ ν µ ν Q + µ ν = 1 i<j n k ijα ij (k ij N).,, Q n 1 Q := Z α i,. 5 n 1 Q + := N α i (2), λ Young α ij i, j.,. (6, 4, 3, 2) (4, 4, 4, 3), (6, 4, 3, 2) (4, 4, 4, 3), α 12 α 23 α 14.,,. 1.2 Schur.. Schur, Schur,., Schur. Macdonald,, Schur, Schur, Schur. Schur, Macdonald, ( ). 5 P. 11
12 Schur, n λ = (λ 1,..., λ n ) L + s λ (x),, s λ (x) := det (xλ j+n j i ) n i,j=1 (x) K[x] Sn.. (x), Vandermonde (x) = (x 1,..., x n ) := (x i x j ) = det (x n j 1 i<j n i ) n i,j=1, det (x λ j+n j i ) n i,j=1., (x), s λ (x) K[x]., Schur, Schur,,, 6. GL n (C) GL n (C), P +, Schur. T Young λ 1 n, ( ), ( )., λ = (2, 1),, T 1 = 1 1 2, 2 1 1, T 2 = 1 2 2, 2 1 2, SSTab n (λ) λ L + Young, µ i = µ i (T ) := T i, T wt(t ) = µ := (µ 1,..., µ n ). λ = (2, 1), { SSTab 2 ((2, 1)) = T 1 = 1 1, T 2 2 = 1 2 } 2 6,,,,. 12
13 , µ 1 (T 1 ) = 2, µ 2 (T 1 ) = 1, µ 1 (T 2 ) = 1, µ 2 (T 2 ) = 2, wt(t 1 ) = (2, 1), wt(t 2 ) = (1, 2),., Schur. s λ (x) = x wt(t ) T SSTab n (λ) Schur., ( ) x 3 1 x 3 2 det x 1 x 2 s (2,1) (x) = = x 2 x 1 x 1x 2 + x 1 x , T SSTab 2 ((2,1)) x wt(t ) = x wt(t 1) + x wt(t 2) = x (2,1) + x (1,2) = x 2 1x 2 + x 1 x 2 2 Schur., λ wt(t ) (T SSTab n (λ)).,, 1 1, T 1 µ 1 (T ) λ L + 1 λ , T 1 2 µ 1 (T ) + µ 2 (T ), λ L λ 1 + λ 2.. GL n GL n 1, Gelfand Tsetlin, Gelfand Tsetlin.. 7 Kostka Schur s λ (x) K[x] Sn = λ L K m + λ (x) m λ (x). s λ (x) = K λ,µ m µ (x) = K λ,µ x µ. µ L λ µ µ L + λ µ 7.,. 13
14 K λ,µ,, λ T wt(t ) µ. SSTab n (λ) wt=µ := {T SSTab n (λ) wt(t ) = µ} K λ,µ := SSTab n (λ) wt=µ., λ = (2, 1),, { SSTab 2 ((2, 1)) wt=(2,1) = T 1 = 1 1 }, SSTab 2 ((2, 1)) 2 wt=(1,2) = { T 2 = µ L., K (2,1),(2,1) = K (2,1),(1,2) = 1 0, K (2,1),µ m µ (x) = K (2,1),(2,1) m (2,1) (x) = m (2,1) (x) = x 2 1x 2 + x 1 x 2 2 = s (2,1) (x), µ L + (2,1) µ K (2,1),µ x µ = K (2,1),(2,1) x (2,1) + K (2,1),(1,2) x (1,2) = x 2 1x 2 + x 1 x 2 2 = s (2,1) (x) µ L (2,1) µ. Kostka,. }, 1.3 Macdonald A GL Macdonald,. q, t,, q (Macdonald ). 8 D x := n 1 j n j i tx i x j x i x j T q,xi., T q,xi i q-. T q,xi (f)(x) := f(x 1,..., qx i,..., x n ) 8 Jacobi,, q Macdonald. 14
15 D x T q,xi x, (x) t- T t,xi x i (x). D x T t,xi ( )(x) (x) D x = n = 1 j n j i tx i x j x i x j T t,xi ( )(x) T q,xi, (x)., (1) D x (K[x] S n ) K[x] S n. (2) D x K[x] Sn., D x (m λ (x)) = m µ (x)d µλ = m λ (x)d λ + m µ (x)d µλ., d λ := d λλ, µ L + λ µ d λ = n t n i q λ i. µ L + λ>µ,,...,. D x (Macdonald ),,. (1), f(x) K[x] S n, D x (f(x)), D x. D x (f(x)). D x (f(x)) = 1 (x) n., h(x), T t,xi ( )(x)t q,xi (f)(x) K(x) Sn 1 (x) K[x] D x (f(x)) h(x) (x),,, h(x)., g(x) h(x) = (x)g(x). D x (f(x)) = g(x),. 15
16 (2), Macdonald, 9. D x i, 1 j n j i tx i x j T q,xi = (tx i x 1 ) (tx i x i 1 )(tx i x i+1 ) (tx i x n ) x i x j (x i x 1 ) (x i x i 1 )(x i x i+1 ) (x i x n ) = t n i 1 j<i 1 tx i /x j 1 x i /x j i<j n 1 t 1 x j /x i 1 x j /x i T q,xi. x µ, Laurent, 1 j n j i, tx i x j x i x j T q,xi (x µ ) = t n i q µ i x µ = t n i q µ i x µ 1 j<i k=0 x µ 1 j<i ( 1 t x i x j 1 i<j n. 1.2 (2), µ ν µ ν = 1 tx i /x j 1 x i /x j )( xi x j ( ) kij xj x i 1 i<j n, x µ = x µ 1 1 x µ n n xν = x ν 1 1 x ν n n x ν = x µ 1 i<j n i<j n ) k i<j n l=0 1 t 1 x j /x i 1 x j /x i k ij α ij (k ij N), µ ν ( ) kij xj x i ( 1 t 1 x j x i T q,xi )( ) l xj, x µ x ν, µ ν., ( ) x µ lower., 1 j n j i tx i x j x i x j T q,xi (x µ ) = t n i q µ i x µ + (lower), i, ( n ) D x (x µ ) = t n i q µ i x µ + (lower). 9 Macdonald. x i 16
17 µ S n λ, D x (m λ (x)), 1.1 λ lower, 1.3 (1) K[x] S n = λ L K m + λ (x), λ lower, ( n ) D x (m λ (x)) = t n i q λ i m λ (x) + m µ (x)d µλ.. µ L + λ>µ Macdonald K := Q(q, t). λ L +, P λ (x) = λ µ D x P λ (x) = P λ (x)d λ, d λ = p µλ m µ (x) = m λ (x) + λ>µ p µλ m µ (x) = x λ + (lower terms), (1.1) n t n i q λ i. (1.2) P λ (x) = P λ (x; q, t). λ (A GL )Macdonald. 1.3,., λ L +, λ m µ (x) K- 10 K[x] S n λ := K m µ (x) µ L + µ λ. D x K[x] S n λ, {m µ(x)} µ, 1.3 (2),... dµ D x (..., m µ (x),..., m λ (x)) = (..., m µ (x),..., m λ * (x))... 0 d λ. λ µ, d λ d µ, D x, d λ. 10 m µ (x) m λ (x), Young,. 17
18 ,., D x, P λ (x) := µ L + µ<λ D x d µ d λ d µ m λ (x) K[x] Sn., 1.3 (2), P λ (x) = m λ (x) + p µλ m µ (x) K[x] Sn µ L + µ<λ. D x, Cayley Hamilton det (z id K[x] Sn D x ) = (z d µ ) λ µ L + µ λ (D x d λ )P λ (x) = 0. P λ (x) (1.1), (1.2), (1.1), d λ Pλ (x) = ν λ d λ p νλ m ν (x). (1.2) 1.3 (2), d λ Pλ (x) = D x Pλ (x) = ν λ p νλ D x m ν (x) = ν λ = µ λ p νλ d µν m µ (x) µ ν d µ p µλ m µ (x) + {m ν (x)} µ K[x] S n K, (d µ d ν )p µλ = µ<ν λ µ<ν λ d µν p νλ m µ (x). d µν p νλ, p λλ = 1. P λ (x) p µλ,. 18
19 , Macdonald...,. 1.5 (2 Macdonald ). φ(x 1, x 2 ) = x λ 1 1 x λ 2 2 k=0 ( ) k x2 c k x 1, D x φ(x 1, x 2 ) = φ(x 1, x 2 )(tq λ 1 + q λ 2 ). (q-)gegenbauer P (r) (x), P (1 r,0,...,0)(x) n Macdonald. 2,. Macdonald. [M1] I. G. Macdonald: Symmetric Functions and Hall Polynomials, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, bible, 6 q, t A GL, Macdonald. [M2] I. G. Macdonald: Symmetric functions and orthogonal polynomials, University Lecture Series, 12 American Mathematical Soc., [M1] [M3] 19
20 . [M3] I. G. Macdonald: Affine Hecke Algebras and Orthogonal Polynomials, Cambridge Tracts in Math. 157 Cambridge University Press, Cherednik Hecke Macdonald., A GL 1. Macdonald. 2. Hecke (Macdonald-Cherednik ).,.,, 2. ( )? Hecke,.,., 1.,,,,.,. ( ). Hecke, [M3], [M2]., [ 1] : Hecke Macdonald, , , ( ), Hecke., [ 2] : Hecke Macdonald Cherednik, 1997,. 20
21 ,., A, BC Koornwinder, Hecke, q, ,,,.., P λ (x) = P λ (x; q, t) K[x] S n n, λ L + := {λ = (λ 1,, λ n ) N n λ 1 λ n 0} n {P λ } λ L +,, q., D x, D x = D x P λ (x) = P λ (x)d λ ( n j i tx i x j x i x j ) T q,xi q. d λ, n d λ = t n i q λ i = t n 1 q λ 1 + t n 2 q λ q λ n., (t n 1 q λ 1, t n 2 q λ 2,, q λ n ) n, d λ, 1., t δ q λ. δ Macdonald, δ = (n 1, n 2,..., 0). staircase,. 3 Macdonald ( ) 3.1 q n = 2, 11 yanagida/others-j.html 21
22 . q,, q.,. 2ϕ 1 q, Gauss q-analogue,., 2ϕ 1 ( a, b c ; q, z ) = k=0 (a; q) k (b; q) k (q; q) k (c; q) k z k ( q < 1, z < 1) (a; q) k = (1 a)(1 qa) (1 q k 1 a) (k = 0, 1,...) q-analogue.,. (a; q) = (1 q i a) i=0 q < 1, a.. (α) k = α(α + 1) (α + k 1) Pochhammer symbol, (a; q) k q- Pochhammer symbol, Askey Pochhammer (α) k Pochhammer symbol., Pochhammer symbol.,. Askey shifted factorial. q-shifted factorial (a; q) k, shifted factorial (α) k q-analogue,,. 1 qα, q R 1 q, q 0 1, 1 qα 1 q α., a = q α (a; q) k (1 q) k = (qα ; q) k (1 q) k (α) k. 2ϕ 1, a = q α, b = q β, c = q γ, 1 q, q-shifted factorial shifted, 2 ϕ 1 Gauss 2 F 1. q-analogue.,. q-analogue q, ϕ D.. ( ) a, b 1,..., b n ϕ D ; q; z 1,..., z n = (a; q) µ (b 1 ; q) µ1 (b n ; q) µn z µ 1 1 z µ n n c (c; q) µ N n µ (q; q) µ1 (q; q) µn 22
23 (Lauricella )F D q-analogue,., Macdonald, q,, n. (1) 1., ϖ r = ε ε r = (1, 1,..., 1, 0,, 0) = (1 }{{} r ) = r }{{} r α 1 = ε 1 ε 2,..., α n 1 = ε n 1 ε n, α n = ε n. α n 1, GL 1, α n., ϖ i, α j = δ i,j (i, j = 1,..., n).,.,,, 1.,,,,.,,, (1 r ). (1 r ), minimal. Macdonald, P (1 r )(x; q, t) = m (1 r )(x) = e r (x)., minimal A,. (2) 1 λ = (l, 0,, 0) = (l) = }{{} l 23
24 l. Schur l, l 1, Macdonald,. P (l) (x; q, t) = const. µ 1 + +µ n=l (t; q) µ1 (t; q) µn x µ 1 1 x µn n (q; q) µ1 (q; q) µn µ µ n = l (l, 0,..., 0), (t; q) µ1 (t; q) µn x µ 1 1 x µ n n (q; q) µ1 (q; q) µn µ 1 + +µ n =l (t;q) l (q;q) l x l 1. Macdonald 1,. P (l) (x; q, t) = (q; q) l (t; q) l µ 1 + +µ n =l (t; q) µ1 (t; q) µn x µ 1 1 x µ n n (q; q) µ1 (q; q) µn n, l, n x l 1, µ 1 = l µ 2 µ n q-shifted factorial, µ 2 µ n,. P (l) (x; q, t) = x l 1 µ 2,,µ n 0 (q l ; q) µ2 + +µ n (t; q) µ2 (t; q) µn (q 1 l t 1 ; q) µ2 + +µ n (q; q) µ2 (q; q) µn ( qx2 ϕ D, ( ) P (l) (x; q, t) = x l q l, t,..., t 1ϕ D ; q; qx 2,..., qx n q 1 l t 1 tx 1 tx 1 tx 1 ) µ2 ( qxn. 1 Macdonald. F D. 1, D x, ( 5.1).,,. n = 2, 2 ϕ 1.. D x? tx 1 ) µn 24
25 , Macdonald,, D x ( ) m n Macdonald,,. BC,,,.,?.,.. 4 Macdonald, Macdonald. K[x] S n,, Macdonald., Macdonald, Macdonald. K[x] Sn = λ L + KP λ (x), D x K[x] Sn, 1,. 4.1 ( ) q, t Macdonald. t = 1 (t = q κ, κ = 0 ) n D x = T q,xi, P λ (x; q, 1) = m λ (x) t = q (t = q κ, κ = 1 ) P λ (x; q, q) = s λ (x) Schur 25
26 κ = 1 κ = 2,. 2 q = 0 Hall Littlewood t = 0 q-whittaker q t duality Hall Littlewood q-whittaker, q t. q = 0 q-whittaker, dual Whittaker.. t = q κ, q 1 lim q 1 P λ (x; q, q κ ) = P λ (x; κ) Jack, κ = 0, κ = 1 Schur., κ = 1 zonal,. 2 zonal., t = q 1 2, zonal q-analogue. κ = 2, κ = 1 SO 2, κ = 2 Sp. Macdonald q A Heckman Opdam, Jack., Heckman Opdam A Jacobi Jack., 2 F 1, BC, A. Jack?. Jack James., GL n, SO radial part, zonal. SO. 4.2 q Macdonald D x 1, D x, q 26
27 . r = 0, 1,..., n, D (r) x = t (r 2) I {1,...,n}, I =r i I,j / I. r, T I q,x = i I T q,xi tx i x j x i x j i I T q,xi, D (r) x A I (x; t) = T I t,x (x) (x) = t (r 2) i I,j / I. D x (r) = A I (x; t) Tq,x I I {1,,n}, I =r tx i x j x i x j, D x,,,., D (0) x = 1, D (1) x = D x, D x (2),..., D (n) x = t (n 2) Tq,x1 T q,xn ( Euler ). 0 1 Euler, 2, 1, Euler..,. D x (u) := n r=0 ( u) r D (r) x 4.1 (Ruijsenaars, Macdonald). (1) : D x (r) D x (s) = D x (s) D x (r) (r, s = 0, 1,..., n), D x (u)d x (v) = D x (v)d x (u). (2) Macdnald D (r) x (r = 0, 1,..., n) : D (r) x P λ (x) = P λ (x)e r (t δ q λ ), t δ q λ = (t n 1 q λ 1,..., tq λ n 1, q λ n ), n ( D x (u) P λ (x) = P λ (x) 1 ut n i q ) λ i. 27
28 , Macdonald 1, n q, Macdonald,. D x = D x (1) 1, 1. D x (r), D x (r) D x. Macdonald D x (r) (r = 0, 1,..., n),.,., Ruijsenaars 1987.,,,,. r s,,.,,.?. Ruijsenaars, Macdonald,,. Ruijsenaars, relativistic, Ruijsenaars model, Calogero-Moser.? Ruijsenaars, Corollary., Macdonald. Macdonald, D x (r) (r = 0, 1,..., n),,, D x,. D x (r) (r = 0, 1,..., n).,. 28
29 4.3 Macdonald K = C, q, t R, 0 < q < 1, 0 < t < 1. R[x]. f, g R[x], f(x), g(x) = 1 1 n! (2π f(x 1 )g(x)w(x) dx 1 dx n 1) n T x n 1 x n, T n = {x = (x 1,..., x n ) C n x 1 = = x n = 1} n. q-analogue Jackson, Macdonald, Jackson, n.?, K = C, Hermite, f(x 1 ) f(x). Macdonald q, t Q, q, t R,, K = R., w(x) = 1 i<j n (x i /x j ; q) (tx i /x j ; q) } {{ } w + (x) (x j /x i ; q) (tx 1 i<j n j /x i ; q) }{{} w (x). x i /x j = x ε i ε j ε i ε j,., x i /x j (i < j). 1 w + (x), w (x). (x;q) x < 1, x Re(t) < 1 w(x),. w(x), D x (r) (r = 0,..., n)., Af, f = f, A g A = A,.. ϖ r = ε ε r, w + (x). T ϖ r q,x (w + (x)) w + (x) = const. 1 i r,r+1 j n tx i x j x i x j..,, 29
30 . q-shift. q,,, Cauchy,. q-shift, D x (r) S n., f(x 1 )g(x)w(x) = f(x 1 )w + (x 1 )g(x)w + (x) Tq,x ϖr, D(r) x. r = 1, D x ( 5.2)., D x P λ (x), P µ (x) = P λ (x), D x P µ (x) d λ P λ (x), P µ (x) = d µ P λ (x), P µ (x)., d λ d µ P λ (x), P µ (x) = 0., Macdonald, Macdonald., Jackson, Jackson.,,., Laurent 1,. 1, 1,,. 1, 1 = n (t; q) (qt i 1 ; q) (q; q) (t i ; q),. P λ, P λ. Kadell.,.,, Cherednik, E 8,. Cherednik Hecke,,, E 8. 30
31 ,?.,. Cherednik. 4.4 ( ), δ = (n 1, n 2,..., 0)., λ = 0 t δ q λ, t δ = (t n 1, t n 2,..., 1). δ A Macdonald, ρ ( ) ( ) P λ (t δ ) = t n(λ) 1 i<j n (t j i+1 ; q) λi λ j (t j i ; q) λi λ j (, n(λ) := ) n (i 1)λ i, 1 Gauss. Macdonald,. ( ) P λ(t δ q µ ) = P µ(t δ q λ ) (λ, µ L + ) P λ (t δ ) P µ (t δ ) P λ (x) := P λ(x) 1, P λ (t δ ) P λ (t δ q µ ) = P µ (t δ q λ ). λ, x, t δ q µ, ( ).,. x (e λx ) = λe λx, λ (e λx ) = xe λx,. dual. q. Jacobi, x Gauss n n,, Macdonald., 31
32 ,, q,. 4.5 Pieri Macdonald, Macdonald. P µ (x)p ν (x) = c λ µ,νp λ (x) λ, c λ µ,ν.,, µ, ν,,, character, Schur. c λ µ,ν Littlewood-Richardson. Cherednik?..,. 1, e r (x)p µ (x) = φ λ/µp λ (x) 1, P (l) (x) P µ (x) = µ λ L + λ µ:vertical r-strip µ λ L + λ µ:horizontal l-strip φ λ/µ P λ (x), φ λ/µ φ λ/µ. 1 Pieri., λ µ : vertical r-strip, λ µ, 0 1, r, horizontal l-strip, λ µ, 0 1, l. r l. 32
33 λ µ : vertical 3-strip µ = λ = λ µ : horizontal 3-strip µ = λ =, m + n Macdonald, x (m ) y (n ), x Macdonald y Macdonald,. P λ (x 1,..., x m, y 1,..., y n ) = µ,ν a λ µ,νp µ (x 1,..., x m )P ν (y 1,..., y n ) Schur, GL m+n GL m GL n,,., n Macdonald,. P λ (x 1,..., x n ) = ψ λ/µ = i<j µ λ L + λ µ:horizontal-strip P µ (x 1,..., x n 1 )ψ λ/µ x λ µ m (q µ i λ j +1 t j i+1 ; q) λi µ i (q µ i µ j t j i ; q) λi µ i (q µ i λ jt j i ; q) λi µ i (q µ i µ j +1 t j i ; q) λi µ i 1, n Macdonald.,. P λ (x) = n i j µ ψ (k 1) µ (k) /µ (k 1)x µ(k) k ϕ=µ (0) µ (1) µ (n) =λ k=1, horizontal strip. horizontal strip, λ T SSTab n (λ). T 1 µ (1), 2 µ (2),..., ϕ 33
34 λ ϕ = µ (0) µ (1) µ (2) µ (n) = λ, horizontal strip, 1 1.,, SSTab n (λ) x,, Schur Macdonald. Macdonald (bible). 4.6 (Cauchy ). ( 5.1). n Macdonald 1, x n y 1., m x = (x 1,..., x m ) Macdonald n y = (y 1,..., y n ) Macdonald. m n j=1 (tx i y j ; q) (x i y j ; q) = l(λ) min{m,n} b λ P λ (x 1,..., x m )P λ (y 1,..., y n ) 1,. b λ,., Macdonald, Macdonald,, Littlewood-Richardson dual. Schur Cauchy m n j=1 1 1 x i y j = l(λ) min{m,n} s λ (x 1,..., x m )s λ (y 1,..., y n ) (1) q. ( q < 1, x < 1.) (ax; q) (x; q) = k=0 (a; q) k (q; q) k x k 34
35 (2) n x = (x 1,..., x n ) 1 y n (tx i y; q) = g l (x; q, t)y l (x i y; q) g l (x; q, t). (3). D x n (tx i y; q) (x i y; q) = l=0 (t n 1 T q,y + 1 ) n tn 1 1 t 5.2. D x. ( ) (tx i y; q) (x i y; q) 5.1. (1) x Taylor. x q. (t; q) µ1 (t; q) µn (2) g l (x; q, t) = x µ 1 1 x µ n n. (q; q) µ1 (q; q) µn µ 1 + +µ n =l (3).. P (l) (x). (1) a = q α, q 1, Newton (1 x) α (α) k = x k (1) k. (2) t = q κ, q 1 n (1 x iy) κ. y n (1 x i y) κ = g l (x)y l, g l (x) = l=0 g l (x) = Res y=0 ( y l 1 n k=0 µ 1 + +µ n=l ) (1 x i y) κ dy (κ) µ1 (κ) µn (1) µ1 (1) µn x µ 1 1 x µ n n. (l = 0, 1, 2,...) (5.1), y Jordan-Pochhammer. x = (x 1,..., x n ), F D, g l (x) F D. ( ) 35
λ n numbering Num(λ) Young numbering T i j T ij Young T (content) cont T (row word) word T µ n S n µ C(µ) 0.2. Young λ, µ n Kostka K µλ K µλ def = #{T
0 2 8 8 6 3 0 0 Young Young [F] 0.. Young λ n λ n λ = (λ,, λ l ) λ λ 2 λ l λ = ( m, 2 m 2, ) λ = n, l(λ) = l {λ n n 0} P λ = (λ, ), µ = (µ, ) n λ µ k k k λ i µ i λ µ λ = µ k i= i= i < k λ i = µ i λ k >
More informationmeiji_resume_1.PDF
β β β (q 1,q,..., q n ; p 1, p,..., p n ) H(q 1,q,..., q n ; p 1, p,..., p n ) Hψ = εψ ε k = k +1/ ε k = k(k 1) (x, y, z; p x, p y, p z ) (r; p r ), (θ; p θ ), (ϕ; p ϕ ) ε k = 1/ k p i dq i E total = E
More informationall.dvi
72 9 Hooke,,,. Hooke. 9.1 Hooke 1 Hooke. 1, 1 Hooke. σ, ε, Young. σ ε (9.1), Young. τ γ G τ Gγ (9.2) X 1, X 2. Poisson, Poisson ν. ν ε 22 (9.) ε 11 F F X 2 X 1 9.1: Poisson 9.1. Hooke 7 Young Poisson G
More information2 1 κ c(t) = (x(t), y(t)) ( ) det(c (t), c x (t)) = det (t) x (t) y (t) y = x (t)y (t) x (t)y (t), (t) c (t) = (x (t)) 2 + (y (t)) 2. c (t) =
1 1 1.1 I R 1.1.1 c : I R 2 (i) c C (ii) t I c (t) (0, 0) c (t) c(i) c c(t) 1.1.2 (1) (2) (3) (1) r > 0 c : R R 2 : t (r cos t, r sin t) (2) C f : I R c : I R 2 : t (t, f(t)) (3) y = x c : R R 2 : t (t,
More informationnewmain.dvi
数論 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. http://www.morikita.co.jp/books/mid/008142 このサンプルページの内容は, 第 2 版 1 刷発行当時のものです. Daniel DUVERNEY: THÉORIE DES NOMBRES c Dunod, Paris, 1998, This book is published
More information,. Black-Scholes u t t, x c u 0 t, x x u t t, x c u t, x x u t t, x + σ x u t, x + rx ut, x rux, t 0 x x,,.,. Step 3, 7,,, Step 6., Step 4,. Step 5,,.
9 α ν β Ξ ξ Γ γ o δ Π π ε ρ ζ Σ σ η τ Θ θ Υ υ ι Φ φ κ χ Λ λ Ψ ψ µ Ω ω Def, Prop, Th, Lem, Note, Remark, Ex,, Proof, R, N, Q, C [a, b {x R : a x b} : a, b {x R : a < x < b} : [a, b {x R : a x < b} : a,
More informationA11 (1993,1994) 29 A12 (1994) 29 A13 Trefethen and Bau Numerical Linear Algebra (1997) 29 A14 (1999) 30 A15 (2003) 30 A16 (2004) 30 A17 (2007) 30 A18
2013 8 29y, 2016 10 29 1 2 2 Jordan 3 21 3 3 Jordan (1) 3 31 Jordan 4 32 Jordan 4 33 Jordan 6 34 Jordan 8 35 9 4 Jordan (2) 10 41 x 11 42 x 12 43 16 44 19 441 19 442 20 443 25 45 25 5 Jordan 26 A 26 A1
More informationTOP URL 1
TOP URL http://amonphys.web.fc2.com/ 1 30 3 30.1.............. 3 30.2........................... 4 30.3...................... 5 30.4........................ 6 30.5.................................. 8 30.6...............................
More information(3) (2),,. ( 20) ( s200103) 0.7 x C,, x 2 + y 2 + ax = 0 a.. D,. D, y C, C (x, y) (y 0) C m. (2) D y = y(x) (x ± y 0), (x, y) D, m, m = 1., D. (x 2 y
[ ] 7 0.1 2 2 + y = t sin t IC ( 9) ( s090101) 0.2 y = d2 y 2, y = x 3 y + y 2 = 0 (2) y + 2y 3y = e 2x 0.3 1 ( y ) = f x C u = y x ( 15) ( s150102) [ ] y/x du x = Cexp f(u) u (2) x y = xey/x ( 16) ( s160101)
More informationTOP URL 1
TOP URL http://amonphys.web.fc2.com/ 1 6 3 6.1................................ 3 6.2.............................. 4 6.3................................ 5 6.4.......................... 6 6.5......................
More informationtomocci ,. :,,,, Lie,,,, Einstein, Newton. 1 M n C. s, M p. M f, p d ds f = dxµ p ds µ f p, X p = X µ µ p = dxµ ds µ p. µ, X µ.,. p,. T M p.
tomocci 18 7 5...,. :,,,, Lie,,,, Einstein, Newton. 1 M n C. s, M p. M f, p d ds f = dxµ p ds µ f p, X p = X µ µ p = dxµ ds µ p. µ, X µ.,. p,. T M p. M F (M), X(F (M)).. T M p e i = e µ i µ. a a = a i
More information平成 15 年度 ( 第 25 回 ) 数学入門公開講座テキスト ( 京都大学数理解析研究所, 平成 ~8 15 月年 78 日開催月 4 日 ) X 2 = 1 ( ) f 1 (X 1,..., X n ) = 0,..., f r (X 1,..., X n ) = 0 X = (
1 1.1 X 2 = 1 ( ) f 1 (X 1,..., X n ) = 0,..., f r (X 1,..., X n ) = 0 X = (X 1,..., X n ) ( ) X 1,..., X n f 1,..., f r A T X + XA XBR 1 B T X + C T QC = O X 1.2 X 1,..., X n X i X j X j X i = 0, P i
More informationTOP URL 1
TOP URL http://amonphys.web.fc.com/ 3.............................. 3.............................. 4.3 4................... 5.4........................ 6.5........................ 8.6...........................7
More information構造と連続体の力学基礎
II 37 Wabash Avenue Bridge, Illinois 州 Winnipeg にある歩道橋 Esplanade Riel 橋6 6 斜張橋である必要は多分無いと思われる すぐ横に道路用桁橋有り しかも塔基部のレストランは 8 年には営業していなかった 9 9. 9.. () 97 [3] [5] k 9. m w(t) f (t) = f (t) + mg k w(t) Newton
More informationNo δs δs = r + δr r = δr (3) δs δs = r r = δr + u(r + δr, t) u(r, t) (4) δr = (δx, δy, δz) u i (r + δr, t) u i (r, t) = u i x j δx j (5) δs 2
No.2 1 2 2 δs δs = r + δr r = δr (3) δs δs = r r = δr + u(r + δr, t) u(r, t) (4) δr = (δx, δy, δz) u i (r + δr, t) u i (r, t) = u i δx j (5) δs 2 = δx i δx i + 2 u i δx i δx j = δs 2 + 2s ij δx i δx j
More informationDynkin Serre Weyl
Dynkin Naoya Enomoto 2003.3. paper Dynkin Introduction Dynkin Lie Lie paper 1 0 Introduction 3 I ( ) Lie Dynkin 4 1 ( ) Lie 4 1.1 Lie ( )................................ 4 1.2 Killing form...........................................
More information211 kotaro@math.titech.ac.jp 1 R *1 n n R n *2 R n = {(x 1,..., x n ) x 1,..., x n R}. R R 2 R 3 R n R n R n D D R n *3 ) (x 1,..., x n ) f(x 1,..., x n ) f D *4 n 2 n = 1 ( ) 1 f D R n f : D R 1.1. (x,
More informationO x y z O ( O ) O (O ) 3 x y z O O x v t = t = 0 ( 1 ) O t = 0 c t r = ct P (x, y, z) r 2 = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 (t, x, y, z) (ct) 2 x 2 y 2 z 2 = 0
9 O y O ( O ) O (O ) 3 y O O v t = t = 0 ( ) O t = 0 t r = t P (, y, ) r = + y + (t,, y, ) (t) y = 0 () ( )O O t (t ) y = 0 () (t) y = (t ) y = 0 (3) O O v O O v O O O y y O O v P(, y,, t) t (, y,, t )
More information数学Ⅱ演習(足助・09夏)
II I 9/4/4 9/4/2 z C z z z z, z 2 z, w C zw z w 3 z, w C z + w z + w 4 t R t C t t t t t z z z 2 z C re z z + z z z, im z 2 2 3 z C e z + z + 2 z2 + 3! z3 + z!, I 4 x R e x cos x + sin x 2 z, w C e z+w
More information2.1 H f 3, SL(2, Z) Γ k (1) f H (2) γ Γ f k γ = f (3) f Γ \H cusp γ SL(2, Z) f k γ Fourier f k γ = a γ (n)e 2πinz/N n=0 (3) γ SL(2, Z) a γ (0) = 0 f c
GL 2 1 Lie SL(2, R) GL(2, A) Gelbart [Ge] 1 3 [Ge] Jacquet-Langlands [JL] Bump [Bu] Borel([Bo]) ([Ko]) ([Mo]) [Mo] 2 2.1 H = {z C Im(z) > 0} Γ SL(2, Z) Γ N N Γ (N) = {γ SL(2, Z) γ = 1 2 mod N} g SL(2,
More informationy π π O π x 9 s94.5 y dy dx. y = x + 3 y = x logx + 9 s9.6 z z x, z y. z = xy + y 3 z = sinx y 9 s x dx π x cos xdx 9 s93.8 a, fx = e x ax,. a =
[ ] 9 IC. dx = 3x 4y dt dy dt = x y u xt = expλt u yt λ u u t = u u u + u = xt yt 6 3. u = x, y, z = x + y + z u u 9 s9 grad u ux, y, z = c c : grad u = u x i + u y j + u k i, j, k z x, y, z grad u v =
More informationII A A441 : October 02, 2014 Version : Kawahira, Tomoki TA (Kondo, Hirotaka )
II 214-1 : October 2, 214 Version : 1.1 Kawahira, Tomoki TA (Kondo, Hirotaka ) http://www.math.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~kawahira/courses/14w-biseki.html pdf 1 2 1 9 1 16 1 23 1 3 11 6 11 13 11 2 11 27 12 4 12 11
More informationz f(z) f(z) x, y, u, v, r, θ r > 0 z = x + iy, f = u + iv C γ D f(z) f(z) D f(z) f(z) z, Rm z, z 1.1 z = x + iy = re iθ = r (cos θ + i sin θ) z = x iy
f f x, y, u, v, r, θ r > = x + iy, f = u + iv C γ D f f D f f, Rm,. = x + iy = re iθ = r cos θ + i sin θ = x iy = re iθ = r cos θ i sin θ x = + = Re, y = = Im i r = = = x + y θ = arg = arctan y x e i =
More informationFuchs Fuchs Laplace Katz [Kz] middle convolution addition Gauss Airy Fuchs addition middle convolution Fuchs 5 Fuchs Riemann, rigidity
2010 4 8 7 22 2 Fuchs Fuchs Laplace Katz [Kz] middle convolution addition Gauss Airy Fuchs addition middle convolution Fuchs 5 Fuchs Riemann, rigidity 0 Fuchs addition middle convolution Riemann Fuchs
More information09 8 9 3 Chebyshev 5................................. 5........................................ 5.3............................. 6.4....................................... 8.4...................................
More informationI A A441 : April 21, 2014 Version : Kawahira, Tomoki TA (Kondo, Hirotaka ) Google
I4 - : April, 4 Version :. Kwhir, Tomoki TA (Kondo, Hirotk) Google http://www.mth.ngoy-u.c.jp/~kwhir/courses/4s-biseki.html pdf 4 4 4 4 8 e 5 5 9 etc. 5 6 6 6 9 n etc. 6 6 6 3 6 3 7 7 etc 7 4 7 7 8 5 59
More informationJuly 28, H H 0 H int = H H 0 H int = H int (x)d 3 x Schrödinger Picture Ψ(t) S =e iht Ψ H O S Heisenberg Picture Ψ H O H (t) =e iht O S e i
July 8, 4. H H H int H H H int H int (x)d 3 x Schrödinger Picture Ψ(t) S e iht Ψ H O S Heisenberg Picture Ψ H O H (t) e iht O S e iht Interaction Picture Ψ(t) D e iht Ψ(t) S O D (t) e iht O S e ih t (Dirac
More informationi Version 1.1, (2012/02/22 24),.,..,.,,. R-space,, ( R- space),, Kahler (Kähler C-space)., R-space,., R-space, Hermite,.
R-space ( ) Version 1.1 (2012/02/29) i Version 1.1, (2012/02/22 24),.,..,.,,. R-space,, ( R- space),, Kahler (Kähler C-space)., R-space,., R-space, Hermite,. ii 1 Lie 1 1.1 Killing................................
More informationPart () () Γ Part ,
Contents a 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7. 8.. 8.. 8.3. 8 Part. 9. 9.. 9.. 3. 3.. 3.. 3 4. 5 4.. 5 4.. 9 4.3. 3 Part. 6 5. () 6 5.. () 7 5.. 9 5.3. Γ 3 6. 3 6.. 3 6.. 3 6.3. 33 Part 3. 34 7. 34 7.. 34 7.. 34 8. 35
More informationX G P G (X) G BG [X, BG] S 2 2 2 S 2 2 S 2 = { (x 1, x 2, x 3 ) R 3 x 2 1 + x 2 2 + x 2 3 = 1 } R 3 S 2 S 2 v x S 2 x x v(x) T x S 2 T x S 2 S 2 x T x S 2 = { ξ R 3 x ξ } R 3 T x S 2 S 2 x x T x S 2
More information微分積分 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行時のものです.
微分積分 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. ttp://www.morikita.co.jp/books/mid/00571 このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行時のものです. i ii 014 10 iii [note] 1 3 iv 4 5 3 6 4 x 0 sin x x 1 5 6 z = f(x, y) 1 y = f(x)
More information1 (Contents) (1) Beginning of the Universe, Dark Energy and Dark Matter Noboru NAKANISHI 2 2. Problem of Heat Exchanger (1) Kenji
8 4 2018 6 2018 6 7 1 (Contents) 1. 2 2. (1) 22 3. 31 1. Beginning of the Universe, Dark Energy and Dark Matter Noboru NAKANISHI 2 2. Problem of Heat Exchanger (1) Kenji SETO 22 3. Editorial Comments Tadashi
More information.3. (x, x = (, u = = 4 (, x x = 4 x, x 0 x = 0 x = 4 x.4. ( z + z = 8 z, z 0 (z, z = (0, 8, (,, (8, 0 3 (0, 8, (,, (8, 0 z = z 4 z (g f(x = g(
06 5.. ( y = x x y 5 y 5 = (x y = x + ( y = x + y = x y.. ( Y = C + I = 50 + 0.5Y + 50 r r = 00 0.5Y ( L = M Y r = 00 r = 0.5Y 50 (3 00 0.5Y = 0.5Y 50 Y = 50, r = 5 .3. (x, x = (, u = = 4 (, x x = 4 x,
More information2000年度『数学展望 I』講義録
2000 I I IV I II 2000 I I IV I-IV. i ii 3.10 (http://www.math.nagoya-u.ac.jp/ kanai/) 2000 A....1 B....4 C....10 D....13 E....17 Brouwer A....21 B....26 C....33 D....39 E. Sperner...45 F....48 A....53
More informationn ξ n,i, i = 1,, n S n ξ n,i n 0 R 1,.. σ 1 σ i .10.14.15 0 1 0 1 1 3.14 3.18 3.19 3.14 3.14,. ii 1 1 1.1..................................... 1 1............................... 3 1.3.........................
More informationA
A 2563 15 4 21 1 3 1.1................................................ 3 1.2............................................. 3 2 3 2.1......................................... 3 2.2............................................
More informationv er.1/ c /(21)
12 -- 1 1 2009 1 17 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 2 2 2 1-5 1 1-6 1 1-7 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 c 2011 1/(21) 12 -- 1 -- 1 1--1 1--1--1 1 2009 1 n n α { n } α α { n } lim n = α, n α n n ε n > N n α < ε N {1, 1,
More informationII No.01 [n/2] [1]H n (x) H n (x) = ( 1) r n! r!(n 2r)! (2x)n 2r. r=0 [2]H n (x) n,, H n ( x) = ( 1) n H n (x). [3] H n (x) = ( 1) n dn x2 e dx n e x2
II No.1 [n/] [1]H n x) H n x) = 1) r n! r!n r)! x)n r r= []H n x) n,, H n x) = 1) n H n x) [3] H n x) = 1) n dn x e dx n e x [4] H n+1 x) = xh n x) nh n 1 x) ) d dx x H n x) = H n+1 x) d dx H nx) = nh
More informationJanuary 16, (a) (b) 1. (a) Villani f : R R f 2 f 0 x, y R t [0, 1] f((1 t)x + ty) (1 t)f(x) + tf(y) f 2 f 0 x, y R t [0, 1] f((1 t)x + ty) (1 t
January 16, 2017 1 1. Villani f : R R f 2 f 0 x, y R t [0, 1] f((1 t)x + ty) (1 t)f(x) + tf(y) f 2 f 0 x, y R t [0, 1] f((1 t)x + ty) (1 t)f(x) + tf(y) (simple) (general) (stable) f((1 t)x + ty) (1 t)f(x)
More information医系の統計入門第 2 版 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. このサンプルページの内容は, 第 2 版 1 刷発行時のものです.
医系の統計入門第 2 版 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. http://www.morikita.co.jp/books/mid/009192 このサンプルページの内容は, 第 2 版 1 刷発行時のものです. i 2 t 1. 2. 3 2 3. 6 4. 7 5. n 2 ν 6. 2 7. 2003 ii 2 2013 10 iii 1987
More informationall.dvi
29 4 Green-Lagrange,,.,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,, E, σ, ε σ = Eε,,.. 4.1? l, l 1 (l 1 l) ε ε = l 1 l l (4.1) F l l 1 F 30 4 Green-Lagrange Δz Δδ γ = Δδ (4.2) Δz π/2 φ γ = π 2 φ (4.3) γ tan γ γ,sin γ γ ( π ) γ tan
More information201711grade1ouyou.pdf
2017 11 26 1 2 52 3 12 13 22 23 32 33 42 3 5 3 4 90 5 6 A 1 2 Web Web 3 4 1 2... 5 6 7 7 44 8 9 1 2 3 1 p p >2 2 A 1 2 0.6 0.4 0.52... (a) 0.6 0.4...... B 1 2 0.8-0.2 0.52..... (b) 0.6 0.52.... 1 A B 2
More informationIII 1 (X, d) d U d X (X, d). 1. (X, d).. (i) d(x, y) d(z, y) d(x, z) (ii) d(x, y) d(z, w) d(x, z) + d(y, w) 2. (X, d). F X.. (1), X F, (2) F 1, F 2 F
III 1 (X, d) d U d X (X, d). 1. (X, d).. (i) d(x, y) d(z, y) d(x, z) (ii) d(x, y) d(z, w) d(x, z) + d(y, w) 2. (X, d). F X.. (1), X F, (2) F 1, F 2 F F 1 F 2 F, (3) F λ F λ F λ F. 3., A λ λ A λ. B λ λ
More information2
III 22 7 4 3....................................... 3.2 Kepler ( ).......................... 2 2 4 2.................................. 4 2.2......................................... 8 3 20 3..........................................
More information1 (Berry,1975) 2-6 p (S πr 2 )p πr 2 p 2πRγ p p = 2γ R (2.5).1-1 : : : : ( ).2 α, β α, β () X S = X X α X β (.1) 1 2
2005 9/8-11 2 2.2 ( 2-5) γ ( ) γ cos θ 2πr πρhr 2 g h = 2γ cos θ ρgr (2.1) γ = ρgrh (2.2) 2 cos θ θ cos θ = 1 (2.2) γ = 1 ρgrh (2.) 2 2. p p ρgh p ( ) p p = p ρgh (2.) h p p = 2γ r 1 1 (Berry,1975) 2-6
More informationx () g(x) = f(t) dt f(x), F (x) 3x () g(x) g (x) f(x), F (x) (3) h(x) = x 3x tf(t) dt.9 = {(x, y) ; x, y, x + y } f(x, y) = xy( x y). h (x) f(x), F (x
[ ] IC. f(x) = e x () f(x) f (x) () lim f(x) lim f(x) x + x (3) lim f(x) lim f(x) x + x (4) y = f(x) ( ) ( s46). < a < () a () lim a log xdx a log xdx ( ) n (3) lim log k log n n n k=.3 z = log(x + y ),
More information2019 1 5 0 3 1 4 1.1.................... 4 1.1.1......................... 4 1.1.2........................ 5 1.1.3................... 5 1.1.4........................ 6 1.1.5......................... 6 1.2..........................
More information30 I .............................................2........................................3................................................4.......................................... 2.5..........................................
More informationDVIOUT
A. A. A-- [ ] f(x) x = f 00 (x) f 0 () =0 f 00 () > 0= f(x) x = f 00 () < 0= f(x) x = A--2 [ ] f(x) D f 00 (x) > 0= y = f(x) f 00 (x) < 0= y = f(x) P (, f()) f 00 () =0 A--3 [ ] y = f(x) [, b] x = f (y)
More information量子力学 問題
3 : 203 : 0. H = 0 0 2 6 0 () = 6, 2 = 2, 3 = 3 3 H 6 2 3 ϵ,2,3 (2) ψ = (, 2, 3 ) ψ Hψ H (3) P i = i i P P 2 = P 2 P 3 = P 3 P = O, P 2 i = P i (4) P + P 2 + P 3 = E 3 (5) i ϵ ip i H 0 0 (6) R = 0 0 [H,
More informationIII Kepler ( )
III 9 8 3....................................... 3.2 Kepler ( ).......................... 0 2 3 2.................................. 3 2.2......................................... 7 3 9 3..........................................
More information() x + y + y + x dy dx = 0 () dy + xy = x dx y + x y ( 5) ( s55906) 0.7. (). 5 (). ( 6) ( s6590) 0.8 m n. 0.9 n n A. ( 6) ( s6590) f A (λ) = det(a λi)
0. A A = 4 IC () det A () A () x + y + z = x y z X Y Z = A x y z ( 5) ( s5590) 0. a + b + c b c () a a + b + c c a b a + b + c 0 a b c () a 0 c b b c 0 a c b a 0 0. A A = 7 5 4 5 0 ( 5) ( s5590) () A ()
More informationA S- hara/lectures/lectures-j.html r A = A 5 : 5 = max{ A, } A A A A B A, B A A A %
A S- http://www.math.kyushu-u.ac.jp/ hara/lectures/lectures-j.html r A S- 3.4.5. 9 phone: 9-8-444, e-mail: hara@math.kyushu-u.ac.jp, http://www.math.kyushu-u.ac.jp/ hara/lectures/lectures-j.html Office
More informationZ: Q: R: C:
0 Z: Q: R: C: 3 4 4 4................................ 4 4.................................. 7 5 3 5...................... 3 5......................... 40 5.3 snz) z)........................... 4 6 46 x
More information1 n A a 11 a 1n A =.. a m1 a mn Ax = λx (1) x n λ (eigenvalue problem) x = 0 ( x 0 ) λ A ( ) λ Ax = λx x Ax = λx y T A = λy T x Ax = λx cx ( 1) 1.1 Th
1 n A a 11 a 1n A = a m1 a mn Ax = λx (1) x n λ (eigenvalue problem) x = ( x ) λ A ( ) λ Ax = λx x Ax = λx y T A = λy T x Ax = λx cx ( 1) 11 Th9-1 Ax = λx λe n A = λ a 11 a 12 a 1n a 21 λ a 22 a n1 a n2
More information.2 ρ dv dt = ρk grad p + 3 η grad (divv) + η 2 v.3 divh = 0, rote + c H t = 0 dive = ρ, H = 0, E = ρ, roth c E t = c ρv E + H c t = 0 H c E t = c ρv T
NHK 204 2 0 203 2 24 ( ) 7 00 7 50 203 2 25 ( ) 7 00 7 50 203 2 26 ( ) 7 00 7 50 203 2 27 ( ) 7 00 7 50 I. ( ν R n 2 ) m 2 n m, R = e 2 8πε 0 hca B =.09737 0 7 m ( ν = ) λ a B = 4πε 0ħ 2 m e e 2 = 5.2977
More informationI ( ) 1 de Broglie 1 (de Broglie) p λ k h Planck ( Js) p = h λ = k (1) h 2π : Dirac k B Boltzmann ( J/K) T U = 3 2 k BT
I (008 4 0 de Broglie (de Broglie p λ k h Planck ( 6.63 0 34 Js p = h λ = k ( h π : Dirac k B Boltzmann (.38 0 3 J/K T U = 3 k BT ( = λ m k B T h m = 0.067m 0 m 0 = 9. 0 3 kg GaAs( a T = 300 K 3 fg 07345
More informationMicrosoft Word - 信号処理3.doc
Junji OHTSUBO 2012 FFT FFT SN sin cos x v ψ(x,t) = f (x vt) (1.1) t=0 (1.1) ψ(x,t) = A 0 cos{k(x vt) + φ} = A 0 cos(kx ωt + φ) (1.2) A 0 v=ω/k φ ω k 1.3 (1.2) (1.2) (1.2) (1.1) 1.1 c c = a + ib, a = Re[c],
More information2011 8 26 3 I 5 1 7 1.1 Markov................................ 7 2 Gau 13 2.1.................................. 13 2.2............................... 18 2.3............................ 23 3 Gau (Le vy
More informationIntroduction to Numerical Analysis of Differential Equations Naoya Enomoto (Kyoto.univ.Dept.Science(math))
Introduction to Numerical Analysis of Differential Equations Naoya Enomoto (Kyoto.univ.Dept.Science(math)) 2001 1 e-mail:s00x0427@ip.media.kyoto-u.ac.jp 1 1 Van der Pol 1 1 2 2 Bergers 2 KdV 2 1 5 1.1........................................
More informationz f(z) f(z) x, y, u, v, r, θ r > 0 z = x + iy, f = u + iv C γ D f(z) f(z) D f(z) f(z) z, Rm z, z 1.1 z = x + iy = re iθ = r (cos θ + i sin θ) z = x iy
z fz fz x, y, u, v, r, θ r > z = x + iy, f = u + iv γ D fz fz D fz fz z, Rm z, z. z = x + iy = re iθ = r cos θ + i sin θ z = x iy = re iθ = r cos θ i sin θ x = z + z = Re z, y = z z = Im z i r = z = z
More information1 8, : 8.1 1, 2 z = ax + by + c ax by + z c = a b +1 x y z c = 0, (0, 0, c), n = ( a, b, 1). f = n i=1 a ii x 2 i + i<j 2a ij x i x j = ( x, A x), f =
1 8, : 8.1 1, z = ax + by + c ax by + z c = a b +1 x y z c = 0, (0, 0, c), n = ( a, b, 1). f = a ii x i + i
More informationn (1.6) i j=1 1 n a ij x j = b i (1.7) (1.7) (1.4) (1.5) (1.4) (1.7) u, v, w ε x, ε y, ε x, γ yz, γ zx, γ xy (1.8) ε x = u x ε y = v y ε z = w z γ yz
1 2 (a 1, a 2, a n ) (b 1, b 2, b n ) A (1.1) A = a 1 b 1 + a 2 b 2 + + a n b n (1.1) n A = a i b i (1.2) i=1 n i 1 n i=1 a i b i n i=1 A = a i b i (1.3) (1.3) (1.3) (1.1) (ummation convention) a 11 x
More informationIA hara@math.kyushu-u.ac.jp Last updated: January,......................................................................................................................................................................................
More informationII (10 4 ) 1. p (x, y) (a, b) ε(x, y; a, b) 0 f (x, y) f (a, b) A, B (6.5) y = b f (x, b) f (a, b) x a = A + ε(x, b; a, b) x a 2 x a 0 A = f x (
II (1 4 ) 1. p.13 1 (x, y) (a, b) ε(x, y; a, b) f (x, y) f (a, b) A, B (6.5) y = b f (x, b) f (a, b) x a = A + ε(x, b; a, b) x a x a A = f x (a, b) y x 3 3y 3 (x, y) (, ) f (x, y) = x + y (x, y) = (, )
More information2011de.dvi
211 ( 4 2 1. 3 1.1............................... 3 1.2 1- -......................... 13 1.3 2-1 -................... 19 1.4 3- -......................... 29 2. 37 2.1................................ 37
More information( ) ) ) ) 5) 1 J = σe 2 6) ) 9) 1955 Statistical-Mechanical Theory of Irreversible Processes )
( 3 7 4 ) 2 2 ) 8 2 954 2) 955 3) 5) J = σe 2 6) 955 7) 9) 955 Statistical-Mechanical Theory of Irreversible Processes 957 ) 3 4 2 A B H (t) = Ae iωt B(t) = B(ω)e iωt B(ω) = [ Φ R (ω) Φ R () ] iω Φ R (t)
More information第86回日本感染症学会総会学術集会後抄録(I)
κ κ κ κ κ κ μ μ β β β γ α α β β γ α β α α α γ α β β γ μ β β μ μ α ββ β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β β γ β μ μ μ μμ μ μ μ μ β β μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ μ β
More informationTOP URL 1
TOP URL http://amonphys.web.fc.com/ 1 19 3 19.1................... 3 19.............................. 4 19.3............................... 6 19.4.............................. 8 19.5.............................
More informationuntitled
Lie L ( Introduction L Rankin-Selberg, Hecke L (,,, Rankin, Selberg L (GL( GL( L, L. Rankin-Selberg, Fourier, (=Fourier (= Basic identity.,,.,, L.,,,,., ( Lie G (=G, G.., 5, Sp(, R,. L., GL(n, R Whittaker
More information1 1.1 [ ]., D R m, f : D R n C -. f p D (df) p : (df) p : R m R n f(p + vt) f(p) : v lim. t 0 t, (df) p., R m {x 1,..., x m }, (df) p (x i ) =
2004 / D : 0,.,., :,.,.,,.,,,.,.,,.. :,,,,,,,., web page.,,. C-613 e-mail tamaru math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp url http://www.math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/ tamaru/index-j.html 2004 D - 1 - 1 1.1 [ ].,. 1.1.1
More information( 3) b 1 b : b b f : a b 1 b f = f (2.7) g : b c g 1 b = g (2.8) 1 b b (identity arrow) id b f a b g f 1 b b c g (2.9) 3 C C C a, b a b Hom C (a, b) h
2011 9 5 1 Lie 1 2 2.1 (category) (object) a, b, c, a b (arrow, morphism) f : a b (2.1) f a b (2.2) ( 1) f : a b g : b c (composite) g f : a c ( 2) f f a b g f g c g h (2.3) a b c d (2.4) h (g f) = (h
More informationI, II 1, A = A 4 : 6 = max{ A, } A A 10 10%
1 2006.4.17. A 3-312 tel: 092-726-4774, e-mail: hara@math.kyushu-u.ac.jp, http://www.math.kyushu-u.ac.jp/ hara/lectures/lectures-j.html Office hours: B A I ɛ-δ ɛ-δ 1. 2. A 1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2. ɛ-δ 1. ɛ-n
More informationI
I 6 4 10 1 1 1.1............... 1 1................ 1 1.3.................... 1.4............... 1.4.1.............. 1.4................. 1.4.3........... 3 1.4.4.. 3 1.5.......... 3 1.5.1..............
More informationsimx simxdx, cosxdx, sixdx 6.3 px m m + pxfxdx = pxf x p xf xdx = pxf x p xf x + p xf xdx 7.4 a m.5 fx simxdx 8 fx fx simxdx = πb m 9 a fxdx = πa a =
II 6 ishimori@phys.titech.ac.jp 6.. 5.4.. f Rx = f Lx = fx fx + lim = lim x x + x x f c = f x + x < c < x x x + lim x x fx fx x x = lim x x f c = f x x < c < x cosmx cosxdx = {cosm x + cosm + x} dx = [
More information.1 z = e x +xy y z y 1 1 x 0 1 z x y α β γ z = αx + βy + γ (.1) ax + by + cz = d (.1') a, b, c, d x-y-z (a, b, c). x-y-z 3 (0,
.1.1 Y K L Y = K 1 3 L 3 L K K (K + ) 1 1 3 L 3 K 3 L 3 K 0 (K + K) 1 3 L 3 K 1 3 L 3 lim K 0 K = L (K + K) 1 3 K 1 3 3 lim K 0 K = 1 3 K 3 L 3 z = f(x, y) x y z x-y-z.1 z = e x +xy y 3 x-y ( ) z 0 f(x,
More informationt, x (4) 3 u(t, x) + 6u(t, x) u(t, x) + u(t, x) = 0 t x x3 ( u x = u x (4) u t + 6uu x + u xxx = 0 ) ( ): ( ) (2) Riccati ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 (1) : f
: ( ) 2008 5 31 1 f(t) t (1) d 2 f(t) + f(t) = 0 dt2 f(t) = sin t f(t) = cos t (1) 1 (2) d dt f(t) + f(t)2 = 0 (1) (2) t (c ) (3) 2 2 u(t, x) c2 u(t, x) = 0 t2 x2 1 (1) (1) 1 t, x (4) 3 u(t, x) + 6u(t,
More informationn ( (
1 2 27 6 1 1 m-mat@mathscihiroshima-uacjp 2 http://wwwmathscihiroshima-uacjp/~m-mat/teach/teachhtml 2 1 3 11 3 111 3 112 4 113 n 4 114 5 115 5 12 7 121 7 122 9 123 11 124 11 125 12 126 2 2 13 127 15 128
More information20 4 20 i 1 1 1.1............................ 1 1.2............................ 4 2 11 2.1................... 11 2.2......................... 11 2.3....................... 19 3 25 3.1.............................
More informationarxiv: v1(astro-ph.co)
arxiv:1311.0281v1(astro-ph.co) R µν 1 2 Rg µν + Λg µν = 8πG c 4 T µν Λ f(r) R f(r) Galileon φ(t) Massive Gravity etc... Action S = d 4 x g (L GG + L m ) L GG = K(φ,X) G 3 (φ,x)φ + G 4 (φ,x)r + G 4X (φ)
More informationgr09.dvi
.1, θ, ϕ d = A, t dt + B, t dtd + C, t d + D, t dθ +in θdϕ.1.1 t { = f1,t t = f,t { D, t = B, t =.1. t A, tdt e φ,t dt, C, td e λ,t d.1.3,t, t d = e φ,t dt + e λ,t d + dθ +in θdϕ.1.4 { = f1,t t = f,t {
More information1 M = (M, g) m Riemann N = (N, h) n Riemann M N C f : M N f df : T M T N M T M f N T N M f 1 T N T M f 1 T N C X, Y Γ(T M) M C T M f 1 T N M Levi-Civi
1 Surveys in Geometry 1980 2 6, 7 Harmonic Map Plateau Eells-Sampson [5] Siu [19, 20] Kähler 6 Reports on Global Analysis [15] Sacks- Uhlenbeck [18] Siu-Yau [21] Frankel Siu Yau Frankel [13] 1 Surveys
More informationver Web
ver201723 Web 1 4 11 4 12 5 13 7 2 9 21 9 22 10 23 10 24 11 3 13 31 n 13 32 15 33 21 34 25 35 (1) 27 4 30 41 30 42 32 43 36 44 (2) 38 45 45 46 45 5 46 51 46 52 48 53 49 54 51 55 54 56 58 57 (3) 61 2 3
More information1 filename=mathformula tex 1 ax 2 + bx + c = 0, x = b ± b 2 4ac, (1.1) 2a x 1 + x 2 = b a, x 1x 2 = c a, (1.2) ax 2 + 2b x + c = 0, x = b ± b 2
filename=mathformula58.tex ax + bx + c =, x = b ± b 4ac, (.) a x + x = b a, x x = c a, (.) ax + b x + c =, x = b ± b ac. a (.3). sin(a ± B) = sin A cos B ± cos A sin B, (.) cos(a ± B) = cos A cos B sin
More information2 1 1 α = a + bi(a, b R) α (conjugate) α = a bi α (absolute value) α = a 2 + b 2 α (norm) N(α) = a 2 + b 2 = αα = α 2 α (spure) (trace) 1 1. a R aα =
1 1 α = a + bi(a, b R) α (conjugate) α = a bi α (absolute value) α = a + b α (norm) N(α) = a + b = αα = α α (spure) (trace) 1 1. a R aα = aα. α = α 3. α + β = α + β 4. αβ = αβ 5. β 0 6. α = α ( ) α = α
More information1 R n (x (k) = (x (k) 1,, x(k) n )) k 1 lim k,l x(k) x (l) = 0 (x (k) ) 1.1. (i) R n U U, r > 0, r () U (ii) R n F F F (iii) R n S S S = { R n ; r > 0
III 2018 11 7 1 2 2 3 3 6 4 8 5 10 ϵ-δ http://www.mth.ngoy-u.c.jp/ ymgmi/teching/set2018.pdf http://www.mth.ngoy-u.c.jp/ ymgmi/teching/rel2018.pdf n x = (x 1,, x n ) n R n x 0 = (0,, 0) x = (x 1 ) 2 +
More informationW u = u(x, t) u tt = a 2 u xx, a > 0 (1) D := {(x, t) : 0 x l, t 0} u (0, t) = 0, u (l, t) = 0, t 0 (2)
3 215 4 27 1 1 u u(x, t) u tt a 2 u xx, a > (1) D : {(x, t) : x, t } u (, t), u (, t), t (2) u(x, ) f(x), u(x, ) t 2, x (3) u(x, t) X(x)T (t) u (1) 1 T (t) a 2 T (t) X (x) X(x) α (2) T (t) αa 2 T (t) (4)
More informationNote.tex 2008/09/19( )
1 20 9 19 2 1 5 1.1........................ 5 1.2............................. 8 2 9 2.1............................. 9 2.2.............................. 10 3 13 3.1.............................. 13 3.2..................................
More informationIII Kepler ( )
III 20 6 24 3....................................... 3.2 Kepler ( ).......................... 2 2 4 2.................................. 4 2.2......................................... 8 3 20 3..........................................
More informationI , : ~/math/functional-analysis/functional-analysis-1.tex
I 1 2004 8 16, 2017 4 30 1 : ~/math/functional-analysis/functional-analysis-1.tex 1 3 1.1................................... 3 1.2................................... 3 1.3.....................................
More informationIA 2013 : :10722 : 2 : :2 :761 :1 (23-27) : : ( / ) (1 /, ) / e.g. (Taylar ) e x = 1 + x + x xn n! +... sin x = x x3 6 + x5 x2n+1 + (
IA 2013 : :10722 : 2 : :2 :761 :1 23-27) : : 1 1.1 / ) 1 /, ) / e.g. Taylar ) e x = 1 + x + x2 2 +... + xn n! +... sin x = x x3 6 + x5 x2n+1 + 1)n 5! 2n + 1)! 2 2.1 = 1 e.g. 0 = 0.00..., π = 3.14..., 1
More information20 6 4 1 4 1.1 1.................................... 4 1.1.1.................................... 4 1.1.2 1................................ 5 1.2................................... 7 1.2.1....................................
More information: 2005 ( ρ t +dv j =0 r m m r = e E( r +e r B( r T 208 T = d E j 207 ρ t = = = e t δ( r r (t e r r δ( r r (t e r ( r δ( r r (t dv j =
72 Maxwell. Maxwell e r ( =,,N Maxwell rot E + B t = 0 rot H D t = j dv D = ρ dv B = 0 D = ɛ 0 E H = μ 0 B ρ( r = j( r = N e δ( r r = N e r δ( r r = : 2005 ( 2006.8.22 73 207 ρ t +dv j =0 r m m r = e E(
More information20 9 19 1 3 11 1 3 111 3 112 1 4 12 6 121 6 122 7 13 7 131 8 132 10 133 10 134 12 14 13 141 13 142 13 143 15 144 16 145 17 15 19 151 1 19 152 20 2 21 21 21 211 21 212 1 23 213 1 23 214 25 215 31 22 33
More information1: 3.3 1/8000 1/ m m/s v = 2kT/m = 2RT/M k R 8.31 J/(K mole) M 18 g 1 5 a v t πa 2 vt kg (
1905 1 1.1 0.05 mm 1 µm 2 1 1 2004 21 2004 7 21 2005 web 2 [1, 2] 1 1: 3.3 1/8000 1/30 3 10 10 m 3 500 m/s 4 1 10 19 5 6 7 1.2 3 4 v = 2kT/m = 2RT/M k R 8.31 J/(K mole) M 18 g 1 5 a v t πa 2 vt 6 6 10
More information..3. Ω, Ω F, P Ω, F, P ). ) F a) A, A,..., A i,... F A i F. b) A F A c F c) Ω F. ) A F A P A),. a) 0 P A) b) P Ω) c) [ ] A, A,..., A i,... F i j A i A
.. Laplace ). A... i),. ω i i ). {ω,..., ω } Ω,. ii) Ω. Ω. A ) r, A P A) P A) r... ).. Ω {,, 3, 4, 5, 6}. i i 6). A {, 4, 6} P A) P A) 3 6. ).. i, j i, j) ) Ω {i, j) i 6, j 6}., 36. A. A {i, j) i j }.
More informationB ver B
B ver. 2017.02.24 B Contents 1 11 1.1....................... 11 1.1.1............. 11 1.1.2.......................... 12 1.2............................. 14 1.2.1................ 14 1.2.2.......................
More information1 Abstract 2 3 n a ax 2 + bx + c = 0 (a 0) (1) ( x + b ) 2 = b2 4ac 2a 4a 2 D = b 2 4ac > 0 (1) 2 D = 0 D < 0 x + b 2a = ± b2 4ac 2a b ± b 2
1 Abstract n 1 1.1 a ax + bx + c = 0 (a 0) (1) ( x + b ) = b 4ac a 4a D = b 4ac > 0 (1) D = 0 D < 0 x + b a = ± b 4ac a b ± b 4ac a b a b ± 4ac b i a D (1) ax + bx + c D 0 () () (015 8 1 ) 1. D = b 4ac
More information(Bessel) (Legendre).. (Hankel). (Laplace) V = (x, y, z) n (r, θ, ϕ) r n f n (θ, ϕ). f n (θ, ϕ) n f n (θ, ϕ) z = cos θ z θ ϕ n ν. P ν (z), Q ν (z) (Fou
(Bessel) (Legendre).. (Hankel). (Laplace) V = (x, y, z) n (r, θ, ϕ) r n f n (θ, ϕ). f n (θ, ϕ) n f n (θ, ϕ) z = cos θ z θ ϕ n ν. P ν (z), Q ν (z) (Fourier) (Fourier Bessel).. V ρ(x, y, z) V = 4πGρ G :.
More information