* A Consideration of Motor Skill Learning Brain Pathway Shift and Memory Consolidation Keiko HASHIMOTO * In motor skill learning, it is known

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "* A Consideration of Motor Skill Learning Brain Pathway Shift and Memory Consolidation Keiko HASHIMOTO * In motor skill learning, it is known"

ときなたけはな
5 years ago
Views:

1 * A Consideration of Motor Skill Learning Brain Pathway Shift and Memory Consolidation Keiko HASHIMOTO * In motor skill learning, it is known that extensive practice produces a shift in the brain pathways, and that the existence of memory consolidation, especially, sleep-dependent consolidation, is clearly seen. This paper discussed motor skill learning based on some recent reports on these matters. Both of brain pathway shift and consolidation are not exclusive phenomena in motor skill learning, but they provide some keys to understand the nature of motor skill learning. In addition, it was suggested that declarative memory might have some involvements in motor skill learning processes. Key Wordsskill learning, motor learning, procedural memory, consolidation 1),2) 3) 4),5),6) 7) 1 *

2 5) 7) 8) 5) Jenkins 1994 PET 9) 4

3 , Karni 1995 f MRI 10) f MRI Karni 7) Karni Poldrack ) f MRI

4 Petersen 1998 PET 12) 2 Karni ) Karni * * Karni

5 10) Karni Schacter 5) Jenkins 9) PET Petersen 12) 13) 5),6),14),17) Poldrack 11) Karni 10)

6 Karni 15) 7) Karni Stickgold 16) 1924 Jenkins Dallenbach 17) 16), 16)Walker Stickgold 17) Brashers-Krug )

7 Shadmehr Brasher-Krug ) Shadmehr Brasher-Krug 8)

8 Walker ) Karni 7),10) REM Walker Huber )

9 1 Robertson ) Kuriyama ) Karni 7),10) 9

10 18),19) 24 Robertson 22) 2 2,. 2 REM 17) 16),20) REM 17) Rickard2007

11 24) Badets ) Badets

12 3 4 2 Badets Badets Schacter 5) Robertson 22)

13 Badets 26) Badets Walker 17) 1 pp Tulving,E.& Craik,F.I.M The Oxford Handbook of Memory New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

14 Markowitsch,H.J.Neuroanatomy of memoryin Tulving, E.& Craik,F.I.M (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Memory, New York: Oxford University Press, pp , Shacter,D.L., Wagner,A.D. & Buckner,RMemory systems of 1999In Tulving, E. & Craik,F.I.M (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Memory, New York: Oxford University Press, pp , Fujiwara,E. & Markowitsch,H.J.Brain correlates of binding processes of emotion and memoryin Zimmer,H.D. et al.(eds.), Handbook of binding and memory, New York: Oxford University Press, pp , Karni,A., Meyer,G., Rey-Hipolito,C., Jezzard,P., Adams,M.M., Turner,R., & Ungerleider,L.G.The acquisition of skilled motor performance Fast and slow experience-driven changes in primary motor cortex Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA, 95, , LeDoux,J.Synaptic self How our brains become who we are New York:Penguin Books, Jenkins,I.H., Brooks,D.J., Nixon,P.D., Frackowiak,R.S.J., & Passingham,R.E. Motor sequence learning A study with positron emission tomography The Journal of Neuroscience, 14, , Karni,A., Meyer,G., Jezzard,P., Adams,M.M., Turner,R., & Ungerleider,L.G. Functional MRI evidence for adult motor cortex plasticity during motor skill learningnature, 377, , Poldrack,R.A., Desmond,J.E., Glover,G.H, & Gabrieli,J.D.E.The neural basis of visual skill learning An fmri study of mirror reading Cerebral Cortex, 8, 1-10, Petersen,S., van Mier,H., Fiez,J.A., & Raichle,M.E.The effects of practice on the functional anatomy of task performanceproceedings of the National Academy of Science USA, 95, , Mayes,A.R.Selective memory disordersin Tulving, E.& Craik,F.I.M (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Memory, New York: Oxford University Press, pp , Mandolesi,L., Leggio,M.G.,Graziano,A., Neri,P., & Petrosini,L.Cerebellar contribution to spatial event processing: involvement in procedural and working memory componentseuropean Journal of Neuroscience, 14, , Karni,A. & Sagi,D. The time course of learning a visual skillnature, 365, , Stickgold,R. Sleep-dependent memory consolidationnature, 437, , 2005

15 17Walker,M.P. & Stickgold,R.Sleep, memory, and plasticityannualreviewof Psychology, 57, , Brashers-Krug,T., Shadmehr,R., & Bizzi,E.Consolidation in human motor memory Nature, 382, , Shadmehr,R., & Brashers-Krug,T.Functional stages in the formation of human long-term motor memorythe Journal of Neuroscience, 17, , Walker,M.P., Brakefield,T., Morgan,A., Hobson,J.A. & Stickgold,R.Practice with sleep makes perfect Sleep-dependent motor skill learning Neuron, 35, , Huber,R., Ghilardi,M.F., Massimini,M. & Tononi,G.Local sleep and learning Nature, 430, 78-81, Robertson,E.D., Pascual-Leone,A., & Press,D.Z.Awareness modifies the skilllearning benefit of sleepcurrent Biology, 14, , Kuriyama,K., Stickgold,R., & Walker,M.P.Sleep-dependent learning and motorskill complexitylearning & Memory, 11, , Rickard,T.C. Forgetting and learning potentiation Dual consequences of between-session delays in cognitive skill learning Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 33, , Badets,A., Blandin,Y., & Shea,C.H.The intention superiority effect in motor skill learningjournal of Experimental PsychologyLearning, Memory, and Cognition, 32, , Tulving, E.Concepts of memoryin Tulving, E.& Craik,F.I.M (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Memory, New York: Oxford University Press, pp.33-43, 2000.

p _08森.qxd

p _08森.qxd Foster care is a system to provide a new home and family to an abused child or to a child with no parents. Most foster children are youngsters who could not deepen the sense of attachment and relationship