MTI-HandBook [ : ( ) ] 1 ( km) GPS ( ) GPS Kelley [1989] [2002] 18 MTI c Mesosphere Thermosphere Ionosphere (MTI) Research Group, Japan 2 Rayl
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1 [ : ( ) ] 1 ( km) GPS ( ) GPS Kelley [1989] [2002] 18 MTI c Mesosphere Thermosphere Ionosphere (MTI) Research Group, Japan 2 Rayleigh-Taylor Rayleigh-Taylor 1 Rayleigh-Taylor g j F ( ) ( ) E 1 E 1 B(B ) Rayleigh-Taylor F F ( 1 ) F F F 1980 X 1
2 prereversal enhancement : ( )Rayleigh-Taylor ( ) [Woodman and La- Hoz, 1976] Pedersen Rayleigh-Taylor γ = ( g + E ) 0 1 ν in B L (1) ν in E 0 L (1/L = (1/n 0 )dn 0 /dz) (1)F (L ) (2) F (ν in ) (3) (E 0 ) E B F ((2) ) E E prereversal enhancement [Tsunoda, 1985] 2 DMSP X 2
3 2: [Burke et al., 2004] [Saito and Maruyama, 2006] 3.2 (1) Rayleigh-Taylor (1) MSTID (seeding) 3 F 19:40LT 21:30LT 2 F (plume) 20 F 100m/s km km km [Fukao et al., 2006] X 3
4 3: Jicamarca [Kelley et al., 1981] E F F (±10 )E 2 E E [Abdu et al., 2003] E F E [Tsunoda, 2007] E F [Hysell and Kudeki, 2004] 3.3 (direct penetration) (disturbance dynamo) X 4
5 [Maruyama et al., 2005] 4 Abdu, M. A., J. W. MacDougall, I. S. Batista, J. H. A. Sobral, and P. T. Jayachandran, Equatorial evening prereversal electric field enhancement and sporadic E layer disruption: A manifestation of E and F region coupling, J. Geophys. Res., 108, doi: /2002ja009285, Burke, W. J., L. C. Gentile, C. Y. Huang, C. E., Valladares, and S. Y. Su, Longitudinal variability of equatorial plasma bubbles observed by DMSP and ROCSAT-1, J. Geophys. Res., 109, doi: /2004ja010583, Hysell, D. L., and E. Kudeki, Collisional shear instability in the equatorial F region ionosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 109, doi: /2004ja010636, Kelley, M. C., The Earth s Ionosphere: Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics, Int. Geophys. Ser., 43, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif., Kelley, M. C., M. F. Larsen, and C. LaHoz, Gravity wave initiation of equatorial spread F: A case study, J. Geophys. Res., 86, , Maruyama, N., A. D. Richmond, T. J. Fuller- Rowell, M. V. Codrescu, S. Sazykin, F. R. Toffoletto, R. W. Spiro, and G. H. Millward, Interaction between direct penetration and disturbance dynamo electric fields in the stormtime equatorial ionosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, doi: /2005gl023763, Saito, S., and T. Maruyama, Ionospheric height variations observed by ionosondes along magnetic meridian and plasma bubble onsets, Ann. Geophys., 24, , Tsunoda, R. T., Control of the seasonal and longitudinal occurrence of equatorial scintillations by the longitudinal gradient in the integrated E-region Pedersen conductivity, J. Geophys. Res., 90, , Tsunoda, R. T., Seeding of equatorial plasma bubbles with electric fields from an E s layer instability, J. Geophys. Res., 112, doi: /2006ja012103, Woodman, R. F., and C. LaHoz, Radar observations of F region equatorial irregularities, J. Geophys. Res., 81, , 1976.,,, 48, No.3, , ( kihou-journal/kihou-vol48no3/0401.pdf) Fukao, S., T. Yokoyama, T. Tayama, M. Yamamoto, T. Maruyama, and S. Saito, Eastward traverse of equatorial plasma plumes observed with the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar in Indonesia, Ann. Geophys., 24, , X 5
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