Key words: Disinfectants, Gram negative rods, Bactericidal effect P. aeruginosa 1, P. fluorescens 20 P. putida 179, P. cepacia 216 P. maltophilia 227,

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1 Key words: Disinfectants, Gram negative rods, Bactericidal effect P. aeruginosa 1, P. fluorescens 20 P. putida 179, P. cepacia 216 P. maltophilia 227, P. putrefaciens 279 A. faecalis 120, A. ordrans 114 A. xylosoxidans 114, F. meningosepticum 57

2 E. cloacae 1, S. marcescens 1 P. vulgaris 1, P. mirabilis 1 P. morganii 1, P. rettgeri 1 P. inconstans 1

3 Fig. 1 Effect of inactivator on bactericidal activity (1) Organism: P. aeruginosa 1 inoculum size: 1 x 106 cells/ml Phenol Cresol soap Iodophor Benzethonium Chloride +: growth -: no growth Fig. 2 Effect of inactivator on bactericidal activity (2) Organism: P. aeruginosa71 inoculum size: 1 X 106 cells/ml Chlorhexidine Glutaraldehyde Alki l d i Caminoethyl) glycin +:growth -: no growth

4 Fig. 3 Bactericidal effect of Phenol * commonly used concentration room temperature 20+20C Fig. 4 Bactericidal effect of cresol soap room temperature 20+20C * commonly used concentration symbol Fig. 3

5 room temperature 20 }2 Ž Fig. 5 Bactericidal effect of lodophor commonly usedconcentration symbol: Fig. 3 Fig. 6 Bactericidal effect of Iodophor (Comparison of method 1 andmethod 2) E. coli MHJ JC-2 room temperature (20 K }2 Ž)

6 Fig. 7 Bactericidal effect of benzethonium chloride room temperature. 20 }2 Ž commonly. used concentration symbol: Fig. 3 Fig. 8 Bactericidal effect of chlorhexidine gluconate room temperature 20 }2 Ž commonly used concentration symbol: Fig. 3

7 Fig. 9 Bactericidal effect of glutaraldehyde room temperature 20 }2 Ž* commonly used concentration symbol: Fig. 3 Eig. 10 Bactericidal effect of alkildi (aminoethyl) glycin room temperature (20 }2 Ž)* commonly used concentration symbol: Fig. 3

8 Fig. 11 Bactericidal effect of triclosan commonly used concentration room temperature (20 }2 Ž) symbol: Fig. 3

9 Fig. 12 Influence of horse serum on bactericidal effect of disinfectants contact time: 5min. 20 }2 Ž

10 Fig. 13 Effect of EtOH on bactericidal activity of chlorhexidine *-commonly used concentration (chlorhexidine 250 x) 20+2C P. aerui i n osa P. cepacia Contact Time (min)

11 Phend, Gresol soap, lodophor, Glutaraldehyde 2. Chlorhexidine, Benzethonium chloride 3. Chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine gluconate, Benzethonium chlori- 7) Borick, P.M., Dondershine, F.H. and Chandler, V.L.: Alkalinized glutaraldehyde, a new antimicrobial agent. J. Pharm. Sci., 53: , ) Speller, D.C.E., Stephens, M.E. and Viant, A.C.: Hospital infection by Pseudomonas cepacia The Lancet, 1(7703): , 1971.

12 Bactericidal Activities of Various Disinfectants in Responce to the Concentration, Period of Exposure and Addition of Blood Serum Akiyoshi TSUJI, Kaneo SEKIGUCHI, Yasuko KANEKO, Kenji KAWASAKI, Masatoshi OGAWA and Sachiko GOTO Department of Microbiology, Toho University School of Medicine Bactericidal activities upon gram-negative bacilli of various disinfectants (phenol, cresol soap, iodophor, benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine, glutaraldehyde, alkil di (amino ethyl) glycin and triclosan) were examined by a method similar to that for determining the phenol index for the purpose of evaluating fundamentally the effect of disinfectants. The results may be summarized as follows: On the disinfectants tested, those showing bactericidal effects at the concentration routinely used and upon exposure for one minute or shorter were phenol, cresol soap, iodophor and glutaraldehyde. Chlorhexidine and benzethonium chloride showed ver y inconsistent bactericidal effects o n gramnegative bacilli by short-time exposure. routinely used. Many strains were not killed by these agents at concentrations The bactericidal effect of chlorhexidine was enhanced when used in the presence of ethanol. Addition of blood serum, affecting most largely the effect of iodophor, markedly lowered the bactericidal effect.

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