08+11Extra

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1 A - - #8 bit, Byte, Yutaka Yasuda

2 bit : データの最小単位 1bit = 最小状態の単位 = 二進一桁コンピュータ内部は電気配線配線に電気が通っているいないだけで処理状態は2種二値二進動作にうまく対応二進一桁を配線一本で実現 0と1 二進数で動作の実体 1bit = 二進一桁 = 配線一本

3 Byte : Byte bit 8 1 Byte Bytes 1 2 1

4 0, 1 3

$@ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z { } ~ \0 \n 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 7a 7b 7c 7d 7e 7f 60 61 62 63 64 65 66$

6 ASCII a 61! " # $ % & ' ( ) * +, -. / sp : ; < = A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z { } ~ \0 \n a 7b 7c 7d 7e 7f a 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f a 0b 0c 0d 0e 0f a 5b 5c 5d 5e 5f a 4b 4c 4d 4e 4f a 3b 3c 3d 3e 3f a 2b 2c 2d 2e 2f a 1b 1c 1d 1e 1f \t

7 画像のデータ表現絵は画素(Pixel : Picture Element)ごとに分解一画素ごとに赤緑青 (RGB) に色分解して各色256段階で記録最大 16,777,216 色赤緑青動画も簡単にデータ化できますね

8 400KB JPEG vs GIF JPEG : 40.9KB 34KB GIF : 1.8KB

9 CD 44KHz, 16bit MP3 CD 1/8 1/15 AAC, ATRAC, WMA 4,3,4,7,7,8,8,5,3,2,2

10 111,121,122,89,80,82,75. 10,240,22,30,34,80 12,33,45,1123,488 33,38,42,60,32,39,55,80

12 CPU

13 1Byte 8bit, bit 4Byte 32bit, 0~4G bit 8Byte 64bit, 0?? 19 64bit 10 4bit

14 2 1 1Byte 8bit, Byte 8bit, S (sign) S 7bit 10 4bit

15 x 10^2 (^2) (12345) S (sign) (32bit) S 8bit 23bit (64bit) S 11bit 52bit

16 = = bit = 0, , = 0, ,

17 Microsoft Excel 2004 for Macintosh (N ) 2 N 2 N ,536 65, ,294,967,296 4,294,967, ,446,744,073,709,600,000 18,446,744,073,709,600, ,474,976,710, ,474,976,710, ,949,953,421, ,949,953,421, ,125,899,906,842,620 1,125,899,906,842, ,251,799,813,685,250 2,251,799,813,685,

19 111,121,122,89,80,82,75. 10,240,22,30,34,80 12,33,45,1123,488 33,38,42,60,32,39,55,80

20 1/2 0/1 CD or 1 1/9

21 data (8bit) P bit... 1 bit 2 bit CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check

22 ECC Error Correcting Code 64bit 8bit ECC 1bit 2bit CIRC : CD *ECC Error check and correct memory

23 CD/CD-R CD / CD-R / ipod / SD ipod

27 Hardware Hardware Software data media data media

28 Hardware Software Format data media

29 Hardware MP3 Format Hardware CD audio Format Hardware MPEG Format MP3 music SD card MP3 CD audio CD CD MPEG2 video DVD DVD

30 PC : MP3 Format Hardware OS (system software) CD audio Format MPEG Format MP3 music SD card MP3 CD audio CD CD MPEG2 video DVD DVD

31 Windows Windows Media Player MP3 MPEG Hardware Microsoft Windows MS Word Word fmt. MS Excel Excel fmt. Adobe Reader PDF fmt. MP3 music MPEG2 video Word Excel PDF USB DVD MP3 DVD PDF

32 Web MP3 Web (Internet Explorer, Firefox, etc.) MPEG Hardware OS (system software) HTML JPEG PDF MP3 music MPEG2 video JPEG PDF Internet ( ) PDF

33 (generic) (specific)

35 Case Study HTML5 Google / WebM VP8 On2 Ogg Theora Apple H.264

36 Google launches open WebM web video format based on VP8 (2010/5/19, Engadget)

37 Case Study HTML5 Google / WebM VP8 On2 Ogg Theora Apple H.264

38 A - - #11 Internet Yutaka Yasuda

42 IP (Internet Protocol) IP TCP IP SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) HTTP (Hyper Text Transport Protocol)

43 LAN LAN x x.x IP ISP

44 Server Client Client Client Server Client Client

45 Web Web Web GET... Server Client

46 IP DNS (Domain Name System) IP

47 Web DNS IP

48 Web 1. IP 2. DNS.jp PC 3. DNS DNS IP DNS #2 DNS #2 DNS #1 jp? Web Server

49 Web 4. DNS #2 ac 5. #2 #3 DNS #3 DNS #2 DNS #1 DNS #3 ac? Web Server Client

50 Web 6. DNS #3 kyoto-su 7. #3 KSU DNS DNS #3 DNS #2 DNS #1 KSU s DNS KSU DNS kyoto-su? Web Server Client

51 Web 8. KSU DNS www IP DNS #3 DNS #2 DNS #1 KSU s DNS www Web Server Client

52 Web Web 11. DNS #3 DNS #2 DNS #1 KSU s DNS GET Web Server Client

53 ARPANET TCP/IP IP DNS

08encode part 2

08encode part 2 A - - #8 bit, Byte, Yutaka Yasuda 1/2 0/1 CD 9 1 0 0 or 1 1/9 4,3,4,7,7,8,8,5,3,2,2 4,3,4,7,7,8,8,5,3,2,2 4,3,4,7,7,8,8,5,3,2,2 4,3,4,7,7,8,8,5,3,2,2 CD/CD-R CD / CD-R - 1 bit data (7bit) P 0 1 1 0 1