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1 1 JCAP 5 WG

2 CR-DPF ( DPF) 2.2 NSR (NOx ) S P 2.3 SCR (NOx ) S P CO 2 4.

3 3 CR-DPF NSR SCR SAPS* *SAPS Sulfated Ash ) Phosphate Sulfur CO 2

4 4

5 CR-DPF 2.2 NSR S P 2.3 SCR S P CO 2 4.

6 6 DPF ( ) CR-DPF DPF DPF

7 6.9L DPF DPF DPF CR-DPF 2700rpm DPF Test No. Oil Fuel sulfur Test duration 1 DH-1 class (S.Ash*=1.70) S=50ppm 600h 2 Low Ash-A (S.Ash=1.31) S=50ppm 600h 3 Low Ash-B (S.Ash=0.96) S=50ppm 600h 4 Low Ash-B (S.Ash=0.96) S=50ppm 1000h 5 Low Ash-B (S.Ash=0.96) S=10ppm 600h *Sulfated Ash 7

8 DPF S 50ppm 10ppm DPF Increase of normalized CR- DPF pressure drop, kpa L engine +CR-DPF, Full/Full Low Ash-B (S10 Fuel) DH-1 class S.Ash=1.70 S50 Fuel Low Ash-A S.Ash=1.31 Low Ash-B S.Ash= Time, h (CaSO4 ) DH-1 class Low Ash-B S.Ash =1.70% S.Ash =0.96% 600h 600h 8

9 CR-DPF CR-DPF CR-DPF Heater CR -DPF Sampling filter (Silica fiber thimble filter) Pressure sensor Silica gel Engine Vacuum pump Mass flow meter (Max.100L/min) Valve Cooler Water trap vessel 9

10 DPF S CR-DPF 100 Ca Zn P DH-1 class Metal trapping ratio, % No.1 Ref. No2 DPF 1/2 length No3 SiC No.4 1/2 load (350 o C) No.5 Fuel S=0ppm 10

11 95 CR-DPF Metal trapping ratio, % Ca Zn P Mg 2700r/min, Full load No. 1 Ref. No. 6. No. 7 No. 8 No. 9 No. 10 Ca-Phenate Ca Ca-Sulfonate Mg-Sulfonate Neutral downtreat Ca-Salicylate Sulfonate uptreat No.11 Low volatility

12 12 CR-DPF ( ) DPF DPF DPF

13 CR-DPF 2.2 NSR S P 2.3 SCR S P CO 2 4.

14 SO 2 S S 10ppm S SO 2 emission, g SO2 emission from oil SO2 emission from fuel Sulfur in fuel ppm Sulfur in oil mass% * S SO 2 14

15 15 (S ) NSR S P S P

16 4L PM NOx (NSR+DPF) 2200rpm/115Nm NOx S Test No. Fuel Name Oil S mass% P mass% S.Ash mass% 1 High SAPS S10 2 Low SAPS 3 High SAPS 4 Low SAPS S0* 5 High ZnDTP 6 High S Basestock * Sulfur content <1ppm. 16

17 NOx S0 S10 Low SAPS High SAPS NOx NOx conversion ratio, High SAPS / S10 Fuel Low SAPS / S10 Fuel High SAPS / S0 Fuel Low SAPS / S0 Fuel High ZnDTP / S0 Fuel High S Basestock / S0 Fuel S0 Fuel 40 S10 Fuel Time, h 17

18 S0 NOx P S NOx conversion ratio 200h, High SAPS Low SAPS High ZnDTP S0 Fuel High S basestock Oil S cont. % Oil P cont. %

19 NOx conversion, % High SAPS / S10 Fuel Low SAPS / S10 Fuel High SAPS / S0 Fuel Low SAPS / S0 Fuel High ZnDTP / S0 Fuel High S Basestock / S0 Fuel Sulfur emission (Calculated), g 19

20 20 P/S P/S S P Test No. Fuel Name Oil Elementary Deposits on NSR + DPF S P P/S S P P/S (%) (%) (g/unit) (g/unit) 1 S10 High SAPS Low SAPS High SAPS S0 Low SAPS High ZnDTP High S Basestock

21 21 S 120 P ( ) S content in NSR Cat.+DPF, g/unit y = 1.191x R2 = P content in NSR Cat.+DPF, g/unit y = x R2 = S emission (Calculated), g/unit P emission (Calculated), g/unit

22 22 Ca Zn P ( ) 60 S P Ca Zn Ca content in NSR Cat.+DPF, g/unit y = x R2 = Ca emission (Calculated), g/unit Zn content in NSR Cat.+DPF, g/unit y = x R2 = Zn emission (Calculated), g/unit

23 23 S,P ) Vacuum pump Heater Pressure sensor Silica gel Engine Filter (Silica fiber thimble filter) Mass flow meter (1L/min) Impingers filled with 3 % H 2 O 2 solution

24 24 S (SOx ) P Sulfur in the exhaust, micro g/m circle: average bar: + - sigma y = 215x R2 = S0 Fuel Phosphorus in the exhaust, micro g/m circle: average bar: + - sigma y = 45x R2 = S0 Fuel Sulfur in the new oil, mass% Phosphorus in the new oil, mass% Sulfur Phosphorus

25 62 P Ca Zn Vapor Mist S10 Fuel S0 Fuel 62% 38% 25 Oil consumption g/h High SAPS Low SAPS High SAPS Low SAPS High ZnDTP igh S Basestock Average

26 26 NSR S P S NSR NOx S S S P P NSR S

27 CR-DPF 2.2 NSR S P 2.3 SCR S P CO 2 4.

28 28 SCR S P SCR L SCR S10

29 NOx Ca, Zn, S P NOx conversion Index, % Time, h 29

30 SCR S P 30 DH-1 High SAPS NOx SCR S P SCR DH-1 SAPS

31 CR-DPF 2.2 NSR S P 2.3 SCR S P CO 2 4.

32 JASO DPF JASO DH-2 32

33 CR-DPF 2.2 NSR S P 2.3 SCR S P CO 2 4.

34 34 CO FTP 3,200km 10,400km 2.5L, MPI, 2WD

35 35 Mo (MoFM) (3 ) (FEI)

36 FEI, Oil-A Oil-C Oil-J Oil-A Oil-C Oil-J mode FTP mode 36

37 37 1 km FEI, Oil-A Oil-C Oil-J Oil-A Oil-C Oil-J mode FTP mode (3,200km) (10,400km)

38 CR-DPF 2.2 NSR S P 2.3 SCR S P CO 2 4.

39 DPF NSR S JASO CO 2 20W-30 4 ASTM 39

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