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1

2

3 The bottle floated out of the cave.

4 Figure (Talmy 1985, 1991, 2000) Ground Motion Path Manner Cause Coevent

5 Talmy 1985 Typology of Lexicalization Patterns The bottle floated out (of the cave) Figure Motion Path Ground Manner/Cause La botella 'the bottle' salió 'move.out' de 'from' la cueva 'the cave' flotando 'floating'

6 (1) a. The rock {slid/rolled} down the hill. b. The mouse scurried away into its hole. c. The train screeched into the station. d. The cork popped out of the bottle. (2) They walked down the hill and across the field to the river.

7 a. La botella entró a la cueva flotando. the bottle moved.in to the cave floating The bottle floated into the cave. b. El globo bajó por la chinenea flotando. the balloon moved.up through the chimney floating The balloon floated up the chimney.

8

9 Talmy 1991 Typology of Event Integration <-- cf. telicity (satellite)

10 The bottle Verb floated satellite out Figure Motion Path Ground Manner/Cause La botella 'the bottle' salió 'move.out' de 'from' la cueva 'the cave' flotando 'floating'

11 Talmy 1991 (verb-framed language) e.g., (satellite-framed language) e.g.,

12 Talmy Slobin (1996, 1997, 2000, 2004) Frog story Talmy (thinking for speaking)

13 Slobin Path Proposal: Texts in V-languages will generally be characterized by the occurrence of fewer ground elements per verb, in comparison with texts in S- languages a. They walked down the hill and across the field to the river. b.

14

15 1. Talmy (satellite)

16 [ V Vroot-Vroot]

17 [ V Vroot-Aff ] (Mithun 1999: 142) ikvi!rip-unih run-down.from.a.considerable.height

18 [ V V Prt ] John walked down.

19 [ V V [ PP P NP ]] John walked down the road.

20 [ V V [ NP [ N N-Aff ]]] Elina käveli koti-in. Elina walked home-ill Elina walked home.

21 Matsumoto 2003 Talmy satellite nonhead head-framed vs. nonhead-framed languages

22 Prev- V Prt/Adv P N-aff C+V C+V C(+V) C(+V) Dr Dr C+V/C? Dir V/C/C+V (Dr+?)V+C C+V Dir V/C(+V)

23 2. Path Ground Deictic direction: (THIS WAY, etc) Non-deictic direction (UPWARD, etc.) Vector: FROM, VIA, TO, etc Conformation: Ground (the inside of, the surface of)

24 Deictic direction Jakaltek (Craig 1993:25) xk-in ha-ten-il-tij y-ul karro COM-A1 E2-hold-out-hither E3-in truck You pulled me out of the truck.

25 Vector Conformation in to Conformation Vector

26 into [path TO [place IN [thing ]]]

27 out [path TO [place OUT OF [thing ]]] [path FROM [place IN [thing ]]]

28 I Conformation

29 II Direction Direction

30 (Sinha & Kuteva 1995) be-men-t-em a szobá-ba. (Hungarian) in-go-pst-1sg the room-ill I went into the room.

31 Flickan simmade in i grottan. (Swe) girl swam in in cave The girl swam into the cave.

32

33 1. 2. dominant

34 profile ascend enter, cross come, go

35 affix (preverb), particle, preposition, case

36 He walked {into the house/out of the house/across the street}. He ran {into the house/out of the house/across the street}. He came running in. She ran up the slope.

37 He brought the book to the school. She danced into the room. He read his books all the way to the destination.

38 He ran up the stairs toward her. She walked down the hill across the river and through the pasture to the chapel.

39 Prev- V Prt/Adv P N-aff C+V C+V C(+V) C(+V) Dr Dr C+V/C? Dir V/C/C+V (Dr+?)V+C C+V Dir V/C(+V)

40 He walked down the hill across the bridge and through the pasture to the chapel.

41 Ground

42

43 1) 2)

44 [ ] I went up the stairs toward her. I went up the stairs and (then) toward her.

45 He walked out of the station and into the store. * He out-walked from the station (and) into the building.

1. 1.1 (1) The bottle floated out of the cave. Figure (Talmy 1985, 1991, 2000) Ground Motion Path Manner Cause 1.2 Talmy 1985 Typology of Lexicalization Patterns The bottle floated out (of the cave) Figure

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