中国語結果構文の構文構築と軽動詞併合

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "中国語結果構文の構文構築と軽動詞併合"

はなかつま
4 years ago
Views:

1 Title 中国語結果構文の構文構築と軽動詞併合 Author(s) 邱, 林燕 Citation 国際広報メディア観光学ジャーナル, 24, Issue Date Doc URL Type bulletin (article) File Information 75.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Aca

2 邱 Formation and Structure of Mandarin Chinese Verb-Resultative Constructions (VR constructions) QIU Linyan abstract This paper applies light verb merging theory to analyze the formation and structure of two types of resultative constructions ( intransitive resultatives and causative resultatives ) in Mandarin Chinese. We show that intransitive resultatives are divided into two types depending on whether the root verb ( V ) merges with the light verb BECOME or CAUSE, and causative resultatives can be formed only from those which merge with BECOME. We further show that subject NPs ( causes ) of causative resultatives are syntactically restricted by V. We therefore propose that, in the formation of causative resultatives, the root verb V which has merged with BECOME moves and merges with CAUSE. A major theoretical implication of the analysis is that it supports the claim that a phonologically empty light verb must become phonetically realized, thereby triggering movement ( head movement ) of the root verb (Chomsky (1995), among others). The Journal of International Media, Communication, and Tourism Studies No

3 1 邱 Verb-Resultative Construction VR 1a 2a Cheng & Huang 1994 Sybesma 1999 Huang a 张三跑累了 - -ASP b c John ran ( himself ) tired. 2 a 马拉松跑累了张三 - -ASP b c The marathon ran John tired. 1b 1996 Direct Object Restriction 1c himself Simpson 1983 Levin & Rappaport Hovav a Huang 跑跑 Huang 2006 Sybesma 1999 Huang 2006 CAUSE 2 V BECOME CAUSE 2 Sybesma 1999 Huang Huang 2006 V BECOME CAUSE 076 国際広報メディア観光学ジャーナル No.24

4 V BECOME CAUSE Sybesma 1999 CAUS Huang 2006 CAUSE Huang 2006 CAUSE Sybesma 1999 Huang a 2a Small Clause SC Sybesma 1999 R V merge Huang 2006 R V manner adjunct BECOME 3 1a a VP 跑 SC 张三累了 Sybesma 1999 b BECOME 跑张三累 Huang 2006 Sybesma 1999 Huang 2006 V R V CAUSE 1 4 2a a CAUSEP 马拉松 CAUSE VP 跑 SC 张三累了 Sybesma 1999 b 马拉松 CAUSE BECOME 跑张三累了 Huang CAUSE Sybesma 1999 Huang 花瓶打碎了 - -ASP 邱The Journal of International Media, Communication, and Tourism Studies No

5 邱 6 他们的争吵打碎了花瓶 - -ASP CAUSE Sybesma 1999 Huang Sybesma 张三打碎了花瓶 - -ASP Sybesma 1999 Sybesma 沈 2006 沈司马翎 2010 沈 Sybesma shadow interpretation V 8a CAUSE cause 8 a CAUSEP NP CAUSEP CAUSE VP V SC NP R b CAUSEP 他们的争吵 CAUSEP CAUSE VP 打 SC 花瓶碎了 c CAUSEP 张三 CAUSEP CAUSE VP 打 SC 花瓶碎了 Sybesma 8a 6 7 8b 8c 6 Huang 2006 Sybesma 1999 V 9 a Causing with a manner x CAUSE V BECOME y STATE b Pure causative x CAUSE BECOME V y STATE V CAUSE V BECOME CAUSE 2 Sybesma 1999 Huang 国際広報メディア観光学ジャーナル No.24

6 pure causative Huang a V 打 CAUSE pure causative 10b V BECOME 10 a 张三 CAUSE 打 BECOME 花瓶碎了 b 他们的争吵 CAUSE BECOME 打花瓶碎了 10a 10b 5 V 打 BECOME CAUSE Huang 2006 Huang Huang Cheng & Huang a Huang V pure CAUSE 11 a 马拉松跑累了张三 2a 邱 - -ASP b 教练跑累了张三 - -ASP 12 a 烈酒醉倒了张三 - -ASP b 郁闷的心情醉倒了张三 - -ASP 11b 12b 11a 12a 11b 12b pure CAUSE 11b 12b 11a 12a The Journal of International Media, Communication, and Tourism Studies No

7 邱 13 a 马拉松使张三跑累了 - -ASP b 教练使张三跑累了 - -ASP 14 a 烈酒使张三醉倒了 - -ASP b 郁闷的心情使张三醉倒了 - -ASP 13b 14b pure CAUSE 使教练郁闷的心情 pure CAUSE Sybesma 1999 V R 15a b a 李四醉倒了 ASP b 我的肚子吃坏了 ASP 16 玻璃杯打破了 ASP 080 国際広報メディア観光学ジャーナル No.24

8 15a 醉倒李四 15b 吃我坏肚子 15a 16 V 打 R 破玻璃杯 17 这杯伏特加醉倒了李四 ASP 18 那顿饭吃坏了我的肚子 ASP 19 这个球打破了玻璃杯 - -ASP 15a b a 20b 6 21b 20 a 张三跑累了 1a - -ASP b 马拉松跑累了张三 2a - -ASP 21 a 花瓶打碎了 5 - -ASP b 他们的争吵打碎了花瓶 6 - -ASP a V 跑 R 累邱The Journal of International Media, Communication, and Tourism Studies No

9 张三 20b 21a V 打 R 碎花瓶 21b 2011 Sybesma 1999 Huang 邱 3.2V a 马拉松跑累了张三 - -ASP b 教练跑累了张三 - -ASP 23 a 烈酒醉倒了张三 - -ASP b 郁闷的心情醉倒了张三 - -ASP 22a 23a 22b 23b pure CAUSE NP 4 VR NP 4 Li 1995 Li 1995 VR Li Li 1995 王 NP VR VR V Li 1995 Li 1995 V NP 082 国際広報メディア観光学ジャーナル No.24

10 5 6 吃食堂切大刀 Barrie & Li V NP 动宾关系 V NP 累于应酬惊于这个事件累疲疲于应酬惊震惊震惊于这个事件 V NP NP VR V 走跑吃喝看写听 V NP V V V NP 5 24 a 这本书写累了李四 - -ASP b 出版社的催促写累了李四 - -ASP 25 a 这瓶烈酒喝醉了张三 - -ASP b 李四不断劝酒喝醉了张三 - -ASP 写这本书喝这瓶烈酒写出版社的催促喝李四不断劝酒 V NP 24a 25a V NP 24b 25b 22a 22b 跑马拉松跑教练教练 V 累醉惊病 VR V NP V V V 于 NP NP V 6 V 于 NP V NP 于 V NP 23a 26a 23b 26b 邱The Journal of International Media, Communication, and Tourism Studies No

11 邱 26 a 烈酒醉倒了张三 - -ASP b 郁闷的心情醉倒了张三 - -ASP 醉于酒醉于郁闷的心情 26a V V 于 NP NP 26b V V 于 NP NP NP V NP V 于 NP V NP V pure CAUSE 4 4 NP V Sybesma 1999 Huang 2006 NP V a b V V V local BECOME V BECOME V Huang 国際広報メディア観光学ジャーナル No.24

12 7 8 9 V BECOME Huang 2006 手帕哭湿了手帕 V 哭 28 玻璃杯 V 打 pro pro 28 花瓶 i pro 打碎了 ti 28 Cheng & Huang Cheng & Huang VP implicit external argument Huang a 张三醉倒了 - -ASP BECOME 醉张三倒了 b 我的肚子吃坏了 - -ASP BECOME 吃我的肚子坏了 28 V BECOME CAUSE 8 28 玻璃杯打破了 - -ASP CAUSE 打 BECOME 玻璃杯破了 28CAUSE 9 28 V BECOME CAUSE break 1996 破 2001 all by itself 自己 Huang 邱 10 intentionally a The glass broke all by itself. b c 玻璃杯自己破了 -ASP all by itself a all by itself b The Journal of International Media, Communication, and Tourism Studies No

13 邱 30 a This boat sinks easily all by itself. b 自己 31 玻璃杯自己打破了 - -ASP 自己 BECOME V CAUSE V BECOME CAUSE 32 马拉松跑累了张三 - -ASP 马拉松 CAUSE 跑 BECOME 跑张三累了 11 Cheng & Huang pseudo-passive resultative V BECOME 27a b V BECOME 28 V CAUSE V BECOME NP V BECOME V CAUSE NP pure CAUSE V CAUSE NP V local V 086 国際広報メディア観光学ジャーナル No.24

14 NP V V 22a b 33a b 33 a 马拉松跑累了张三 - -ASP 马拉松 CAUSE 跑 BECOME 跑张三 b 教练跑累了张三 - -ASP 教练 CAUSE 跑 BECOME 跑张 12 affix bound morpheme Larson 1988 Hale & Keyser 1993 Chomsky 1995 Huang 1997 黄 2008 冯 a BECOME CAUSE V 跑 NP 马拉松跑马拉松 V 跑 NP 马拉松 33b V 跑 NP 教练跑教练 33b 12 CAUSE pure CAUSE CAUSE BECOME V CAUSE 28 V BECOME V BECOME R V VR BECOME 朱 1982 刷雪白了白了邱The Journal of International Media, Communication, and Tourism Studies No

15 邱张 BECOME BECOME 28 V BECOME R BECOME BECOME 使 BECOME V CAUSE 使 pure CAUSE pure CAUSE 使 NP V 34 a 马拉松使张三跑累了 - -ASP b 教练使张三跑累了 - -ASP 马拉松 / 教练 CAUSE 使 BECOME 跑张三累了 V NP V 33b 跑教练教练 33b 34 pure CAUSE 使 NP V V33 教练 34b pure CAUSE 使 V CAUSE 28 V BECOME CAUSE pure CAUSE 使 35 张三这把铁锤使玻璃杯打破了 - -ASP 35 使 V BECOME CAUSE BECOME V CAUSE 088 国際広報メディア観光学ジャーナル No.24

16 NP V Huang 2006 NP V V BECOME V CAUSE pure CAUSE BECOME V CAUSE pure CAUSE 使邱謝辞 2 参考文献 Barrie, Michael and Li, Audrey (2015) Analysis versus Synthesis: Objects. In: Li, Audrey. Simpson, Andrew and Dylan Tsai, Wei-Tien (eds.) Chinese Syntax in a Cross-Linguistic Perspective, pp Oxford: Oxford University Press. Cheng, Lisa Lai-shen and Huang, C.-T. James (1994) On the Argument Structure of Resultative compounds. In: Mathew Chen and Ovid Tzeng (eds.) Interdisciplinary Studies on Language and Language Change, pp Pyramid Press, Taipei. Chomsky, Noam (1995) The Minimalist Program. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press The Journal of International Media, Communication, and Tourism Studies No

17 邱冯胜利 2000 写毛笔与韵律促发的动词并入语言教学与研究第 1 期 pp 冯胜利 2005 轻动词移位与古今汉语的动宾关系语言科学第 4 卷第 1 期 pp Hale, Kenneth and Keyser, Samuel Jay (1993) On Argument Structure and the Lexical Expression of Syntactic Relations. In: Hale, Kenneth and Keyser, Samuel Jay (eds.) The View from Building 20: Essays in Linguistics in Honor of Sylvain Bromberger, pp Cambridge: MIT Press. Huang, C.-T. James (1997) On Lexical Structure and Syntactic Projection. Chinese Languages and Linguistics (3), pp Huang, C.-T. James (2006) Resultatives and Unaccusatives: a Parametric View. 253 pp.1-43 Huang, C.-T. James (2015) On Syntactic Analyticity and Parametric Theory. In: Li, Audrey. Simpson, Andrew and Dylan Tsai, Wei-Tien (eds.) Chinese Syntax in a Cross-Linguistic Perspective, pp Oxford: Oxford University Press. 黄正德 2008 从他的老师当得好谈起语言科学第 7 卷第 3 期 pp Larson, Richard K. (1988) On the Double Object Construction. Linguistic Inquiry 19, pp Levin, Beth and Malka Rappaport Hovav (1995) Unaccusativity: At the Syntax-Lexical Semantics Interface. Cambridge MA, MIT Press. Li, Yafei (1995) The Thematic Hierarchy and Causativity. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 13, pp Simpson, Jane (1983) Resultatives. In: L. Levin et al. (eds.) Papers in Lexical-Functional Grammar, pp Bloomington: Indiana University Linguistics Club. Sybesma, Rint (1999) The Mandarin VP: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Sybesma, Rint 沈阳 2006 结果补语小句分析和小句的内部结构华中科技大学学报 ( 社科版 ) 第 41 期 pp 沈阳司马翎 2010 句法结构标记给与动词结构的衍生关系中国语文第 3 期 ( 总第 336 期 ) pp 沈阳 Sybesma, Rint 2012 作格动词的性质和作格结构的构造世界汉语教学第 26 卷第 3 期 pp 沈家煊 2004 动结式追累的语法和语义宁夏大学学报 06 期 pp 王玲玲 2001 研究香港理工大学博士文徐杰 2001 普遍语法原则与汉语语法现象北京大学出版社张国宪 1995 现代汉语的动态形容词中国语文第 3 期 pp 张国宪 2006 现代汉语形容词功能与认知研究商务印书馆朱德熙 1982 语法讲义商务印书馆国際広報メディア観光学ジャーナル No.24

明治期の新聞における「鶏姦」報道の特徴 : 『読売新聞』と『朝日新聞』の分析から

明治期の新聞における「鶏姦」報道の特徴 : 『読売新聞』と『朝日新聞』の分析から Title 明治期の新聞における鶏姦報道の特徴 : 読売新聞と朝日新聞の分析から Author(s) 斉藤, 巧弥国際広報メディア観光学ジャーナル = The Journal of International Med Citation24: 21-38 Issue Date 2017-03-24 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/64760 Type