研究成果報告書

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "研究成果報告書"

けいざぶろうあきます
4 years ago
Views:

(NOx) (SOx)2016 (EGR) (SCR) NOx NOx (UHC) NOx 25 ( ) CO 2 ( ) (Gas Permeation Membrane; GPM)

Enriched Air; NEA) NEA 2 AQM NEA NOx AQM NEA Compressor NEA 1 AQM (1) AQM OEM AQM 1 2 1 ;

Rated speed Back press. Reduction (BPR) NEA cooler Compressor 4 st. cycle, inline 6 cyl.

2 Orifice cooler Base gas engine NEA intake valve intake valve Pilot fuel Main gas fuel BMEP

2 (NOx) (SOx)2016 (EGR) (SCR) NOx NOx (UHC) NOx 25 ( ) CO 2 ( ) (Gas Permeation Membrane; GPM) 1 GPM GPM (2 ) (Anti-Quenching Membrane; AQM) GPM 2 (Oxygen Enriched Air; )1 (Nitrogen Enriched Air; NEA) NEA 2 AQM NEA NOx AQM NEA Compressor NEA 1 AQM (1) AQM OEM AQM ; GT-Power (Gamma Technologies ) GPM 1 AQM 1 Engine type Ignition / Combustion Bore Stroke Rated speed Back press. Reduction (BPR) NEA cooler Compressor 4 st. cycle, inline 6 cyl. Pilot ign./ Premixed lean-burn 200 mm 300 mm 900 rpm Comp. ratio 14.2 Orifice cooler Base gas engine NEA intake valve intake valve Pilot fuel Main gas fuel BMEP Air excess factor Exhaust valve Gas oil Natural gas (Town gas) 2.0 MPa Turbine #1 Exhaust 6cylinders Turbine #2 2 AQM (2) AQM NEA 2 3

(Rapid Compression- Expansion Machine; RCEM) 3D-CFD ; FIRE (AVL ) NEA

Bore Stroke Con rod length Clearance volume 4stroke cycle, 1cyl.

0 Engine speed Quartz window 300 rpm 125 mm t62 mm 3 AQM RCEM (3) 3D-CFD

0 3 KIVA-3V SENKIN 4 1 60 3 KIVA-3V SENKIN Primary: Blob method, Droplet

scheme Extended Zeldovich mechanism n-heptane: ERC Diesel methane: GRI 3.

BTDC 4 (4) RCEM 5 2 mm 207 mm (240 mm50 mm) 2 NEA (CO, CO2, UHC, NOx,

3 (Rapid Compression- Expansion Machine; RCEM) 3D-CFD ; FIRE (AVL ) NEA (Particle Image Velocimetry; PIV) RCEM ( ) RCEM 2 (RCEM) Base engine Bore Stroke Con rod length Clearance volume 4stroke cycle, 1cyl. 240 mm 260 mm 520 mm 240 mm h50 mm Compression ratio 6.0 Engine speed Quartz window 300 rpm 125 mm t62 mm 3 AQM RCEM (3) 3D-CFD ; KIVA-3V(ERC ); SENKIN AQM Gas Research Institute GRI-Mech KIVA-3V SENKIN KIVA-3V SENKIN Primary: Blob method, Droplet breakup Secondary: KH-RT model NO generation Comb. scheme Extended Zeldovich mechanism n-heptane: ERC Diesel methane: GRI 3.0 (SP:53, RC:325) Initial layer thickness mm 45, CA BTDC 4 (4) RCEM 5 2 mm 207 mm (240 mm50 mm) 2 NEA (CO, CO2, UHC, NOx, O2) NEA 21 vol.% NEA mixture mixture Spark plug Spark gap Thin wall bulkhead Swirler Constantvolume chamber 5 (5) RCEM AQM 4 NEA RCEM AQM NEA

4 RCEM Gas fuel / pilot fuel Comp. condition Pilot injection (CA: crank angle) Pure methane / Gas oil (JIS#2) Temp. 780 K, Press. 8.

concentration Homogeneous (19%, 21%, 25%) Excess air factor: 1.9 3.2 Mixture condition of AQM experiments O 2 vol. concentration Ref.

0 (1) 6 GPM GT-Power NEA 2 ( =0) AQM GPM NEA (25% ) NEA 86%AQM 25% GPM 30% GPM2 = 25% AQM 6 AQM (2) RCEM AQM 5 RCEM AQM NEA 40 CA 65 CA NEA

% 8 PIV RCEM RCEM AQM 5 AQM 時の給気燃料供給条件 ( RCEM) Compression-end pressure Swirl velocity [m/s] Charge temperature 30 25 20 15 10 5 @ TDC 8

4 4 RCEM Gas fuel / pilot fuel Comp. condition Pilot injection (CA: crank angle) Pure methane / Gas oil (JIS#2) Temp. 780 K, Press. 8.0 MPa Pressure: 90 MPa Timing: -8.5 CA ATDC Duration: 10 CA Mixture condition of premixed lean-burn experiments O 2 vol. concentration Homogeneous (19%, 21%, 25%) Excess air factor: Mixture condition of AQM experiments O 2 vol. concentration Ref. Homogeneous, O 2 21%, = 2.1 O O 2 vol. concentration AQM 2 19 % + 25 % (ave 21%), NEA/ 3.0 (1) 6 GPM GT-Power NEA 2 ( =0) AQM GPM NEA (25% ) NEA 86%AQM 25% GPM 30% GPM2 = 25% AQM 6 AQM (2) RCEM AQM 5 RCEM AQM NEA 40 CA 65 CA NEA 61 CA 21.8 vol.% 8 PIV RCEM RCEM AQM 5 AQM 時の給気燃料供給条件 ( RCEM) Compression-end pressure Swirl velocity [m/s] Charge temperature TDC 8 MPa 240 C intake valve Main (NEA) Sub () O 2 vol. concentration 19 % 25% open timing 220 CA BBDC 230 CA BBDC duration 230 CA port pressure 1.25 MPa 2.7 MPa Main intake CA BTDC Sub CA BBDC valve O 2 concertation vol.% 7 RCEM AQM Reference Radial position in measurement plane [mm] 8 RCEM

(3) ( =1.8) NEA (O 2 =21 vol.%) 6 9 UHC ( ) NO UHC 60% NO 12.5% CFD AQM 6 AQM layer thickness [mm] O 2 concentration [vol.%] 0 (Ref.) (21) 10 29 15 27 Ref. 10mm 20mm Methane concentration 0 1.5 3.

5 (3) ( =1.8) NEA (O 2 =21 vol.%) 6 9 UHC ( ) NO UHC 60% NO 12.5% CFD AQM 6 AQM layer thickness [mm] O 2 concentration [vol.%] 0 (Ref.) (21) Ref. 10mm 20mm Methane concentration [mass%] UHC [ppm] Methane slip [%] NO increase [%] AQM (@80 CA ATDC) AQM 25 60% NOx NEA AQM AQM 7 AQM Ref AQM #1 AQM #2 Methane supply [mol] Rate of heat release [MJ/s] UHC [ppm] CO 2 [%] CO [ppm] NOx [ppm] Ref. AQM # Time after spark ignition [ms] 10 (5) RCEM AQM 11 19, 21, 25 vol. % : = ( ) (4) = (O 2 =21 vol.%) 2 AQM (O 2 =19/25 vol.%) 11 RCEM

6 =2.4 NO =2.0 ( ) AQM =2.0 RCEM AQM =1.8 RCEM AQM 10% AQM NEA 10% AQM AQM 10% 25% NO 30% RCEM NOx AQM 8 RCEM AQM Ref KL AQM_ 2 AQM KL Air excess factor [-] In-cylinder press. [MPa] Rate of heat release [MJ/s] UHC [ppm] CO 2 [%] CO [ppm] NOx [ppm] RCEM Ref. KL AQM KL AQM_ TDC Crank angle [deg. ATDC] B. Lewis, G. von Elbe, Combustion Flames and Explosions of Gases, 3rd edition, p268, ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. T. Shudo, K. Shimamura, Y. Nakajima Combustion and emissions in a methane DI strati1ed charge engine with hydrogen pre-mixing. JSAE Rev 2000; 21: 3 7 H. Ohno, et al., Development of a Nitrogenenrichment /Humidification Membrane System For NOx Emission reduction For Marine Diesel Engines, Proc. ISME Kobe, 2011, C6-3.,, GPU,, 49 6, 2014, pp H. Tajima, D. Tsuru, Reduction of Methane Slip from Gas Engines by O2 Concentration Control using Gas Permeation Membrane, Proc. SAE/KSAE PFL Meeting, 2013, pp.1-8. H. Tajima, D. Tsuru, Potential Investigation of PCCI Combustion as NOx Reduction Measure at Low-load Operation with Low- CN LCO Fuel, Proc. CIMAC Congress 13 Shanghai, 2013, pp.1-10.,,, 21 72, 2012, pp.4-11.,,, 52, 2014,. H. Tajima, Methane slip reduction from natural gas engines by oxygen stratification using gas permeation membrane, THIESEL 2014, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain.,,, 24, 2013,. 九州大学総合理工学研究院准教授九州大学総合理工学研究院教授九州大学総合理工学研究院助教

35TS.indd

35TS.indd 海外開発 / 海外生産特集海外の大学とのエンジン共同研究 Collaboration on Engine Research with Foreign Universities 米谷俊一 Shunichi Kometani 研究創発センターコア技術研究室 1 はじめに 2 研究課題とテストエンジン表 1 図 1 Engine Type