ORIGINALS A palaeopathological study of the Japanese jaws macroscopic and roentogenologic observations of localized bone lesions with defects Mutsumi

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1 ORIGINALS A palaeopathological study of the Japanese jaws macroscopic and roentogenologic observations of localized bone lesions with defects Mutsumi Nagata, Ichiro Semba, Kiyoshi Ooya and Atsushi Urago Department of Oral Pathology, Kagoshima University Dental School , Usuki-cho, Kagoshima, 890 Naohiko Inoue Department of Oral Surgery, University Branch Hospital, University of Tokyo [Accepted for publication: July 5, 1983] Key words: palaeopathology/japanese jaws/bone defcet/differential diagnosis Abstract: A palaeopathological study concerning localized lesion with bone defect was made through gross examination of 17 jaws culled from 190 Japanese jaws (105 skulls) dating back from Jomon to Edo periods. Localized lesions with bone defects were found on 25 sites of 17 jaws, including 22 periodontal lesions (periapical abscess, apical granuloma and radicular cyst) of 16 jaws. Two cases of periapical lesions, which are thought to have been caused by severe attrition complicated by pulp cavity exposure, were seen in those of the Jomon period. Other interesting lesions diagnosed palaeopathologically as primordial cyst, Stafne's idiopathic bone cavity and subacute osteomyelitis with sequestrum were discribed, and the differential diagnoses concerning these lesions were discussed by use of macroscopic and roentogenologic findings.

2 Table 1 Materials Fig. 1 Period distribution of intraosseous lesions Table 2 Distribution with intraosseous lesions Note: Jomon ; Neolithic Yayoi; Aeneolithic (B. C. 3-A. D. 3th c.) Kofun; Protohistoric (3-7th c.) Kamakura; Medieval (13-14th c.) Muromachi; Late Medieval (15-16th c.) Edo; Early Modern (17-19th c.)

3 Fig. 2 Size distribution of 25 intraosseous lesions Fig. 3 Anatomical distribution of 25 intraosseous lesion

4 Fig. 4-5 Radicular cyst or apical granuloma : 4, well-defined periapical lesion which is caused by dental caries and pulp infection. 5, Radiograph.

Fig. 6-8 Chronic periodontitis following periapical abscess : 6, Note the bone-resorption in a radical manner from the cavity (arrows) and slight bone-formation at the edge of the cavity (arrow

5 Fig. 6-8 Chronic periodontitis following periapical abscess : 6, Note the bone-resorption in a radical manner from the cavity (arrows) and slight bone-formation at the edge of the cavity (arrow heads). 7, Occlusal view of the maxillary first incisor showing severe attrition complicated by pulp cavity exposure. 8, Radiograph. Table 3 Coronal changes with 22 periapical lesions Fig. 9 Site distribution of 22 periapical lesions

Fig. 10-11 Primordial cyst : 10, Solitary, round and well-defined cystic cavity is seen in the

6 Fig Primordial cyst : 10, Solitary, round and well-defined cystic cavity is seen in the central part of the ascendent ramus. There is no calcified material in the cystic cavity. 11, Radiograph.

Fig. 12-15 Stafne's idiopathic bone cavity : 12, Solitary cystic cavity in the third molar-angle area of the mandible. 13, Lingual view of the cavity.

7 Fig Stafne's idiopathic bone cavity : 12, Solitary cystic cavity in the third molar-angle area of the mandible. 13, Lingual view of the cavity. The cystic cavity is composed of cortical bone showing smooth continuity to the lingual surface. 14, Buccal view of the cavity. The fringe of the bone is expanded to the buccal side. 15, Radiograph. Well-circumscrived radiolucency surrounded by a radiopaque border. There is no connection between this cavity and apices of molars.

Fig. 16-18 Subacute osteomyelitis with sequestrum : 16, There is a demarcated calcified tissue mass in the mandibular molar area.

8 Fig Subacute osteomyelitis with sequestrum : 16, There is a demarcated calcified tissue mass in the mandibular molar area. Bone-formation (arrows) as well as resorption (arrow heads) is also noted. 17, The sequestrum is segregated from a surrounding bone tissue. 18, Radiograph. Note a chalky appearance of the sequestrum and diffuse radiopacity of the surrounding bone tissue.

11) Orthner, D. J. and Patcher, W. G. J.: Identification of pathological conditions in human skeletal remains. Smithsonian contribu- to anthropology 28: 454-455, 1981. tions 13) Wood, N. K.

10 11) Orthner, D. J. and Patcher, W. G. J.: Identification of pathological conditions in human skeletal remains. Smithsonian contribu- to anthropology 28: , tions 13) Wood, N. K. and Goaz, P. W.: Differential Diagnosis of Oral Lesions. p , The C. V. Mosby Co., Saint Louis, ) Shear, M.: Cysts of Oral Regions, p.4-25, John Wright & Suns Ltd., Bristol, ) Pindborg, J. J., Kramer, I. R. H. and Torloni, H.: Histological typing of odontogenic tumours, jaw cysts, and allied lesions , WHO, Geneva, ) Stafne, E. C.: Bone cavities situated near the angle of mandible. J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 8) Inoue, N., Ito, G. and Kamegai, T.: Studies on tooth to denture base discrepancy con- 18) Chen, C. K. and Ohba, T.: An analysis 29: , sequent upon human evolution. I. Researches of radiological findings of Stafne's idiopathic in Japanese skeletal remains , bone cavity. Dentomaxillofac. Radiol. 10: 18-23, ) Gregg, J. B., Steele, J. P. and Bass, W. M.: Unusual Osteolytic defects in ancient South Dakota skulls. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 58 (3): , 1982.

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