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2 - October

3 Jakarta Post

4 - October ICMI NU ICMI ICMI DPR MPR PKB PDI-P

5 KPP-HAM KPP-HAM KPP-HAM KPP- HAM KPP-HAM

6 - October KPP-HAM NGO

7

8 - October BTA

9 = BTA BTA BTA

10 - October

11 MPR MPR MPR

12 - October MPR MPR MPR

13 MPR

14 - October MPR MPR

15

16 - October MPR C MPR MPR

17 MPR MPR MPR

18 - October civilian supremacy

19 NTT Jun Honna, "Military Ideology in Response to Democratic Pressure during the Late Suharto Era: Political and Institutional Contexts," in Benedict Anderson, ed., Violence and the State in Suharto's Indonesia Ithaca: Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University, "Buku Putih" Prabowo: Kesaksian Tragedi Mei 1998 Jakarta: Berita Populer Totalitas,. KPP-HAM Timtim, Ringkasan Eksefutif: Laporan Penyelidikan Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia di Timor Timur Jakarta, January,, p.. No., "Dari Lautze Hingga Skenario 'Jiji Tibeh,'" DeTAK, No., February -,

20 - October "Saya Akan Hadapi," Gatra, February,. "East Timor is Enough," Tajuk, December, ; "Kalau Getting, TNI Akan Turun," OPOSISI, June, "Wiranto Lebih Baik Jadi Oposan di Partai Golkar," Media Indonesia, February, Indonesia Baru dan Tantangan TNI Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan, BTA

21 The International Crisis Group, Indonesia: Keeping the Military under Control, ICG Asia Report No. Jakarta/Brussels: ICG, September FPI FPI "Pati Geni Jenderal Wirahadikusumah," Tempo, August, No. "Siapa Dalang Bom: GAM, Militer, atau-," Tajuk, No., September -October, ; "Sipil Aceh: Teroris atau Kambing Hitam?," Tempo, October, "Endriartono Sutarto: TNI Tidak Mau Terjebak," Tempo, March,.

22 - October "Skenario Chaos dari Pak Mayjen," Forum Keadilan, January, No., March, Civilian Control of the Military in Indonesia: Politics under the Abdurrahman Wahid Government Indonesia is now in the process of democratic transition. Following the collapse of Suharto's long-term authoritarian regime in May, the military lost the power to dominate the country's political process. Many in society now believe that the age of military domination has finished and it is time to establish a military-free democratic political system in Indonesia. In this democratic transition, political leaders have attempted to institute the mechanism of civilian control of the military, which is necessary to secure the smooth conduct of democratic reforms. This article examines the politics of consolidating the civilian control under the Abdurrahman Wahid administration by carefully analysing the power struggle between the president and the military. It argues that the failure of the president's attempt to put the military under his control was largely due to his political manipulations which unnecessarily escalated intra-military contestation. The deepening friction within the military effectively contributed to the rise of army hard-liners who insited on the needs for internal unity and resistance against the president. Having faced such an "unintended" ramification, the president totally lost the control of the military and the military's "institutional" insubordination finally contributed to the fall of Abdurrahman government. From these lessons, this article underlines the civilian danger of relying on political manoeuvring in seeking civilian control of the military. The implication is extended to the current Megawati government. HONNA, Jun

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