MODIS_TIR_globalvical.PDF
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1 LOWTRAN 7 MODIS Global ADEOS-2 GLI NASDA Calibration 4th Group March 22, MODIS TIR MOD021KM SST 1 MOD021KM 5 km MOD02CSS Reynolds and Smith [1994] Weekly SST JMA ANAL LOWTRAN 7 MODIS TIR LOWTRAN 7 MCSST MODIS TIR SST 2 SST VIRS SST bias 0 K, 0.3 K RMSE 0.76 K, 0.78 K TIR Global SST MOD02CSS NASA NASDA MOD02CSS MODIS L1B Version Ascending 75 N 75 S 120 SST 4 ch20 ch29 ch31 ch32 Table 1 SAZ SAA 0.25 Binned ch ANAL 1.25 MODIS TIR λ c λ c MODIS MCST R(λ) λ c = i=1 N-1 ( w i λ i ave ) / i=1 N-1 w i (eq. 1) w i =1/2 ( R(λ i )+ R(λ i+1 ) ) (λ i+1 λ i ) (eq. 2) λ i ave = (λ i+1 λ i ) / (R(λ i+1 ) R(λ i )) (sqrt( ( R(λ i+1 ) 2 + R(λ i ) 2 )/2 ) R(λ i ) ) + λ i (eq. 3) Table 1 Table 1 MODIS ch20, 29, 31, 32 MODIS ch. ch20 ch29 ch31 ch32 λ c [µm] R=c 1 / λ c 5 / (exp ( c 2 / λ c / T ) 1 ) (eq. 4) 1
2 R: radiance [W/m 2 /str/µm], T: Brightness temperature [K], λ c : center wavelength [µm] of each band Table 1 c 1 = , c 2 = Reynolds and Smith [1994] SST National Meteorological Center (NMC) Reynolds and Smith [1994] 1 Weekly SST ANAL ANAL JMA NASDA ANAL LOWTRAN UT GRIB format GMT / GLI / GMT 500m 1/16 / 1/ / 10% / 2
3 3. LOWTRAN LOWTRAN 7 TIR 0.99 TIR MODIS CSS Flow Flow 1 MODIS CSS JMA ANAL ch20 ch29 ch31 ch32 ANAL press ANAL temp R&S SST GMT land mask ANAL vapor SAA SAZ SST albedo= I. MODIS LOWTRAN 7 SAZ Simulated radiance ch20 ch29 ch31 ch32 II. SST IV. MODIS SST ch20 ch29 ch31 ch32 III. MODIS SST MODIS MODIS MODIS SST MODIS SST 1 Flow 3
4 MODIS 1 I 2 LOWTRAN 7 Input/Output SAZ SAA>0 SAZ SAZ SAA<0 SAZ SAZ (a) 2 (a) Reynolds and Smith [1994] Weekly SST (b) MODIS (c) LOWTRAN ch31 (d) MODIS (b) ch31 Input for LOWTRAN 7 LOWTRAN 7 Simulation (c) Output of LOWTRAN 7 Comparison (d) MODIS TIR observation 4
5 MODIS 2 (c), (d) ch31 MODIS 3 Table 2 LOWTRAN 7 MODIS 3 (a) (b) (c) (d) 3 MODIS x MODIS y (a) ch20, (b) ch29, (c) ch31, (d) ch b1 (A) y=b1 x a0, a1 (B) y=a0+a1 x c1, c2 (C) y=c1 x+c2 x 2 95 ± Table 2 MODIS Eq. λ c [µm] a 0 a 1 a (±0.0021) A (±0.0033) (±0.0037) (±0.0044) B C (±0.0007) (±0.0020) (±0.0235) (±0.0032) (±0.0289) (±0.0036) (±0.0316) (±0.0042) a0, a1, a2 y=a0+a1 x + a2 x 2 95 ± 3 y=x 95 B y=a 0 +a 1 x a0 a1 (a) (d) (A) y=b 1 x (a) (c) y=x MODIS L1B 4 SAZ / 5
6 (a) (b) (c) (d) 4 SAZ / x SAZ 4.1 y /MODIS (a) ch20, (b) ch29, (c) ch31, (d) ch d0, d1, d2 y=d0+d1 SAZ+d2 SAZ 2 (Table 2 B) e0, e2 y= e0+e2 SAZ 2 (Table 2 A) 4 (a) ch20 (c) ch31 SAZ 0 LOWTRAN 7 SST 7 0 Table 3 (A) Table 3 MODIS TIR correction coefficients Eq. λ c [µm] r 0 r 1 r E-5 A E E E-5 B E E E E E E E E-5 rad corrected =rad original (r 0 + r 1 SAZ+ r 2 SAZ 2 ) (SAZ: [degree]) TIR LOWTRAN 7 Input SST SST MODIS LOWTRAN 7 Input SST 6
7 4.2 SST 1 II (a) (b) (c) 5 LOWTRAN 7 SST x Reynolds and Smith 1994 SST y LOWTRAN 7 SST a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5 (a), (b), (c) SST= a0 + a1 T3 + a2 (T3 T4) + a3 (T3 T4) ams (eq. A) SST= a0 + a1 T3 + a2 (T3 T4) + a3 (T3 T4) ams + a4 (T3 T2) +a5 (T3 T2) ams (eq. B) SST= a0 + a1 T3 + a2 (T3 T4) + a3 (T3 T4) ams + a4 (T1 T3) +a5 (T1 T3) ams (eq. C) ams= 1 / cos(saz π / 180) 1 5 LOWTRAN 7 eq. 4 MODIS 0.1K eq. A C Table 4 Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) Table 4 Regression coefficients for each equation Equation a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 RMSE [K] eq.a eq.b eq.c MODIS SST 1 III IV MODIS Table 3A SST Table MODIS SST LOWTRAN 7 Input Reynolds and Smith [1994] Weekly SST (a) (b) (c) (d) 7
8 6 MODIS SST SST y Reynolds and Smith [1994] SST x (a) eq.a, (b) eq.b, (c) eq.c (d) eq.b SST Table 4 6 SST eq.c T3 (3.789µ ) GLI eq.b eq.b 6(b) (d) SST SST bias RMSE 8
9 (a) 7 SST MODIS CSS 2.1 SST Eq. B (b) Reynolds and Smith [1994] SST (a) TIR (b) Table 2A TIR (c) Table 2B (c) TIR (d)table 3A TIR (d) 7 SST (a) 0.8 K (b) (c) / bias RMSE (b) (d) (d) 0 Table 3 SAZ 9
10 4.4 TRMM VIRS SST MODIS SST 1 III IV SST MODIS SST Reynolds and Smith [1994] TRMM VIRS SST VIRS SST TAO array SST RMSD 0.68K, (a) (b) E 134 E 24 N 41 N (a)trmm VIRS SST (b)modis SST +Table 4B 8 MODIS SST VIRS SST 9 bias 0.6 K 6(d) 7(a) 9 8 (a) (b) x VIRS SST y MODIS SST 10
11 (a) (b) 10 8 (b) Table 3(A) TIR Table 3 (A) SST 11 bias 0 RMSD 0.76 K RMSD VIRS TAO 0.68 K MODIS SST VIRS SST (a) (b) x VIRS SST y MODIS SST 11
12 (a) (b) E 142 E 30 N 37 N Table 3A Table 4B MODIS SST VIRS SST bias 0.3 K RMSD 0.78 K Bias 13 y=x 11 Table 3(A) +Table 4B SST SST (a) (b) x VIRS SST y MODIS SST 12
13 LOWTRAN 7 TIR TIR TIR TIR LOWTRAN 7 LOWTRAN 7 Input ANAL TIR ANAL+LOWTRAN 7 SST TIR VIRS SST RMSD=0.76 K 0.78 K SST 5.2 LOWTRAN 7 Reynolds and Smith [1994] SST JMA ANAL Reynolds and Smith [1994] SST NOAA AVHRR SST 100km JMA ANAL JMA Input 100km Input 14 (a) K ( ) K (Input data ) 1 1 km 1 m 1 m scale 0.1 K 1 1 km 0.71 K 0.51 K 1 1 km (b) 100km + 2 K km 1 1 km K 100km scale 100km scale 1 1 km 0.1 K 0.51 K 2.1 K 14 (a) (b) E 2 total =E 2 1 +E
14 14 (a) (b) (b) (a) OCTS 1 86 Sakaida et al., 1998 E total =E each /sqrt(n) (N: data number) (a) (b) (a) 0.71 K/sqrt(86)=0.08 K (b) 2.1 K/sqrt(10000)=0.02 K (b) (b) 1 SGI GLI GLI SST JMA GTS OCTS (b) (b) 5.1 Input TIR SST GLI TIR GLI TIR Murakami, H., Sea Surface Temperature Estimation using Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS), Reynolds, R. W. and T. M. Smith, Improved global sea surface temperature analyses, J. Clim, 7, , Sakaida, F., M. Moriyama, H. Murakami, H. Oaku, Y. Mitomi, A Mukaida and H. Kawamura, The sea surface temperature product algorithm of the Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner (OCTS) and its accuracy, J. Oceanogr., 54, ,
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