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1 戦 間 期 における 国 際 通 信 社 と 国 際 政 治 岩 永 裕 吉 クリストファー チャンセラーと 日 英 関 係 The International News Agency and International Relations between the World Wars: Yukichi IWANAGA, Christopher CHANCELLOR and the Anglo-Japanese Relations TAKAMITSU Yoshie Abstract: This article analyzes the relations between the international news agency and international politics between the World Wars with focusing on Yukichi Iwanaga, Domei News Agency and Christopher Chancellor, Reuters. Both, connected with the Foreign Ministries, played a significant role as the second track diplomacy between Japan and the United Kingdom in the 1930s. Especially in 1938, Chancellor visited Japan for the talk with the Japanese Foreign Minister, Kazushige Ugaki and Finance Minister, Shigeaki Ikeda to insist the Japanese Army withdrawal from the Shanghai International Settlement. This was organized by Iwanaga. はじめに Reuters General Manager for the Far East Christopher Chancellor 19 Havas Wolff AP Donald Read, Power of News: The History of Reuters , Oxford University Press,

2 1930 AP Neville Chamberlain Sir Frederick Leith- Ross Tomoko Akami, Japan s News Propaganda and Reuters News Empire in Northeast Asia, ; Soft Power of Japan s Total War State: The Board of Information and Domei News Agency in Foreign Policy, , Republic of Letters Publishing, 2012 and Akami 2012, pp Akami 2014, Joseph V. Montville John Davies and Edward Kaufman ed., Second Track/Citizens Diplomacy, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2002, p Stephen Lyon Endicott, Diplomacy and Enterprise, University of British Columbia Press, Ann Trotter, Britain and East Asia , Cambridge University Press,

3 32 Arthur Edwards Reuter Archives Jardine Matheson Archive, Cambridge University National Archives, Kew School of Oriental and African Studies Archives, London University Swire Papers ロイター 連 合 通 信 契 約 とイギリス 外 務 省 AP Endicott Trotter 10 Davies and Kaufman, p Endicott, p

4 IPR Lionel Curtis Royal Institute International Affairs RIIA 1927 RIIA IPR The Institute of Pacific Relations=IPR Sir John Chancellor IPR 14 John Keswick AP Kent Cooper Snow 16 Roderick Jones Francis Oswald Lindley 17 AP AP Gascoigne 13 Reed, p Minutes of 40th Meeting, 1933/3/31, IPR Committee, 6/1/3, Royal Institute of International Affairs IPR Committee, Royal African Societies H. C.G. Matthew and Brian Harrison ed, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, FO371/17063, F5495, Foreign Office Minute by Harcourt Smith, 1933/8/ FO359/497, P1283/1283/150, Snow to Simon, 1933/6/1. 17 FO359/497, P1283/1283/150, Snow to Simon, 1933/6/1. 18 FO359/497, P1408/1283/150, Snow to FE, 1933/6/3. 17

5 John Swire Archibald Rose AP IPR 19 FO359/497, P1283/1283/156, Memorandum by Gascoigne, 1933/6/7; Snow to Simon, 1933/6/1; Snow to Sir A. Willert, 1933/9/1. AP 20 Curtis to Swire, 1933/6/12, box1187, JSS1/3/10, School of Oriental and African Studies Archives, London University. 21 Curtis to Swire, 1933/6/12, box1187, JSS1/3/10, School of Oriental and African Studies Archives, London University. 18

6 AP IPR = Simon Harcourt-Smith AP 第 一 次 近 衛 内 閣 首 脳 とチャンセラーの 会 談 FO359/497, P1398/1283/150, Snow to FO, 1933/6/1; P1409, Snow to FO, 1933/6/ FO371/17063, F5495, Foreign Office Minute by Harcourt-Smith, 1933/8/15. Alexander Cadogan 25 FO371/18184, 1933/12/22 Snow to Orde No. 1856, 1938/07/06, MS JM/J8/1/11, Jardine Matheson Archive, Cambridge University

7 Howe 国 際 通 信 社 と 戦 争 協 力 28 FO371/22092, F8018, Craigie to Halifax, 1938/6/ Keswick to Paterson no. 2706, 1938/9/1, J8/1/11, Jardine Matheson Archive, Cambridge University. 30 Memorandum by Carter, 1938/7/6, box 12, IPR Papers, Columbia University. 20

8 Ashley Clarke Kingsley Wood Clarke to Leeper, 1938/7/4, 1/970125, LN733, Reuter Archives. FO395/577, P2419/84/ Clarke to Leeper, 1938/7/4, 1/970125, LN733, Reuter Archives. 34 Memorandum by Foreign Office, 1938/8/8, 1/970125, LN733, Reuter Archives

9 32 British Council Sir Reginald.A. Leeper Sumner Welles R. A. Butler Read, p.182. Phillip M. Taylor, The Projection of Britain: British Overseas Publicity and Propaganda , Cambridge University Press, 1981, pp Memorandum by Foreign Office, 1938/8/8, 1/970125, LN733, Reuter Archives. Donald Read, The Power of News, Oxford University Press, 1992, p Leeper to Clarke, 1938/9/9, 1/970125, LN733, Reuter Archives. 39 Clarke to Leeper, 1938/7/4, 1/970125, LN733, Reuter Archives. 40 Jones to Chancellor, 1939/9/15; 1939/10/20, box 44, Roderick Jones Papers, Reuter Archives Copy of letter from Chancellor to Butler, 1938/11/18, 1/880906, LN432, Reuters Archive. 22

10 assistant general manager Jonathan G. Utley, Going to War with Japan , University of Tennessee Press, 1985, p. 63. Walter LaFeber, The Clash: U.S.-Japanese Relations Throughout History, W.W. Norton & Company, 1997, p Copy of letter from Chancellor to Butler, 1938/11/18, 1 /880906, LN432, Reuters Archive. 45 Keswick to Bernard, 1938/11/17, J8/1/11, Jardine Matheson Archive, Cambridge University. 46 Keswick to Bernard, 1938/11/17, J8/1/11, Jardine Matheson Archive, Cambridge University. 47 Read, pp , pp

11 結 び Chancellor to Managing Director, 1940/11/1, box 45, Jones Papers, Reuter Archives. 49 Report of Japanese Army Headquarters in Shanghai, 1940/7/31, LN432, Reuter Archives. 50 Chancellor to Managing Director, 1940/7/1, box 45, Jones Papers, Reuter Archives. 51 Edward Azar, Protracted Social Conflicts and Second Track Diplomacy, John Davies and Edward Kaufman ed., Second Track/ Citizens Diplomacy, Rowman & Littlemield Publishers, 2002, p

12 JSPS H Read, p

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