Disaster, Infrastructure and Society Learning from the 2011 Earthquake in Japan

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2 Disaster, Infrastructure and Society Learning from the 2011 Earthquake in Japan 災 害 基 盤 社 会 東 日 本 大 震 災 から 考 える No.1 Issued on December 2011 Published by Study Group on Infrastructure and Society ( 社 会 と 基 盤 研 究 会 ) Publisher: Takashi MACHIMURA ( 町 村 敬 志 ) Hitotsubashi University Editorial Board: Editor in Chief Tadahito YAMAMOTO ( 山 本 唯 人 ) The Institute of Politics and Economy Editors Masao MARUYAMA ( 丸 山 真 央 ) The University of Shiga Prefecture Naofumi SUZUKI ( 鈴 木 直 文 ) Hitotsubashi University Junko UENO ( 上 野 淳 子 ) Momoyama Gakuin University Assistant Editors: Takefumi UEDA ( 植 田 剛 史 ) Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Keio University Sunmee KIM ( 金 善 美 ) Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University Tomoyuki TATSUMI ( 辰 巳 智 行 ) Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University Design: Nobuko OGAWA ( 小 川 信 子 ) Editorial Office: Study Group on Infrastructure and Society c/o Takashi MACHIMURA Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University 2-1 Naka, Kunitachi, Tokyo , Japan tel/fax: +81-(0) sgis@soc.hit-u.ac.jp URL: Study Group on Infrastructure and Society No part of this publication may be used or reproduced in any manner without prior written permission except in the case of private use or brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. 2

3 contents 004 Mission of the Bulletin Takashi MACHIMURA 005 Editor s Note 2011 Disaster in Context: Toward a Multi-Layered Understanding of the Great East Japan Earthquake Tadahito YAMAMOTO Special Issue The Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle 006 Chronicle of a Disaster: Understanding How Multiple Disasters are Constructed in the Time and Space of Events Takashi MACHIMURA 011 The Procedure for Making the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle Takefumi UEDA 013 東 日 本 大 震 災 クロニクル (The Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle ) Takefumi UEDA, Tomoyuki TATSUMI, Yutaka IWADATE, Ikumi KAMIYAMA, Jiyoung KIM, Sunmee KIM, Takashi MACHIMURA, Keisuke MORI, Sayaka MORI, Akihiko SATO, Keiichi SATO, Uichi TAN, Atsuo TERADA, and Anna WATANABE 270 東 日 本 大 震 災 クロニクル 資 料 一 覧 (List of References for the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle) Takefumi UEDA and Keisuke MORI 278 The Great East Japan Earthquake: A Chronicle in English from March 11 to March 25 Takashi MACHIMURA Article 291 Agricultural Impacts of the Nuclear Accidents in Fukushima: The Case of Ibaraki Prefecture Anna WATANABE 299 The 6-11 Amateurs Revolt Demonstration against Nuclear Power: A New Movement Style? Uichi TAN 3

4 Mission of the Bulletin Takashi MACHIMURA Hitotsubashi University On March 11, 2011, several great earthquakes and a devastating tsunami suddenly hit the coastal areas of East Japan. More than 350 thousand houses were destroyed, and almost 20 thousand people died or were reported missing. Accompanying these tragic events were serious accidents at the nuclear power plants in Fukushima, which caused largescale radioactive contamination and forced almost 100 thousand residents to be evacuated and live as refugees. This bulletin is edited and published by the Study Group on Infrastructure and Society( 社 会 と 基 盤 研 究 会 ), a research group based at Hitotsubashi University ( 一 橋 大 学 ) in Tokyo and funded by the Grantsin-Aid for Scientific Research of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, a national organization that provides academic support. We have started this bulletin as an attempt to build a space for intellectual exchange and creative dialogue among those who expect to learn from the experiences of the multiple disasters in Japan. In fact, these disasters are continuing and no one knows how long and to what extent they will have an impact on society and history. However, people have come to gradually understand that the current incidents are not just accidental natural disasters but are rather historically-rooted and structurallyframed social events. Therefore, first of all, this bulletin seeks to share with its diverse readers as many facts and findings as possible about the experienced and ongoing disasters. For this purpose, we have collected data since March and compiled it into a chronicle. In doing so, we have learned that the so-called disaster is made of a sequential, but contingent, mass of events. As time goes by, however, we are watching the emergence of various forces that channel these pieces into several master narratives of the disaster. Thus, we now feel the necessity to keep a record of events as raw pieces and to make this record open to analysis. In addition, this bulletin is expected to provide a forum for intellectual dialogue. We expect the bulletin to raise issues about not only the disaster but also events related to it. These may include technology, risk, the environment, the nation s development, the city and the region, globalization, civil society, governance, community resilience and recovery, security and military issues, social movement, public memory, medium and culture. Moreover, we anticipate that the questions raised in regard to these issues will lead us to conduct debates on social theory and fair society in general. At last, this bulletin is written mainly in English. We believe the experiences in Japan should be shared in common by both international and domestic readers. Currently it is becoming easier to get immediate information from the Internet. Yet those are often fragmented and easily lost. And most of the information are given in Japanese. Therefore this bulletin seeks for making a small platform which is open to non-japanese speaking community. Fortunately we already have excellent precedents such as Social Science Research Council s Understanding Katrina: Perspectives from the Social Sciences ( org//). So we hope this challenge will be a part of transnational network for exchange of ideas from the perspectives of the social sciences. 4

5 Editor s Note 2011 Disaster in Context: Toward a Multi-Layered Understanding of the Great East Japan Earthquake Tadahito YAMAMOTO A Disaster mythologizes both time and space. Some people say that from March 11, 2011, the term and period of Post-war Japan became obsolete and Post-disaster Japan began. In Japan, after the 1990s, a neo-liberal restructuring of local governance and privatization of public facilities began. The Tohoku (North East) region typically witnessed a shrinking population over the last 20 years. After the 2008 financial crisis, the Japanese economy experienced a serious recession. The country s unemployment rate became high, and new types of social movements arose, in which the younger generation was the main participant. From a broader historical perspective, the Fukushima accidents are the result of the developmentalism in post-war Japan, which promoted the development and use of nuclear power plants despite the negative experiences by atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Post-disaster narratives ignore the more complex historical and geographical contexts behind the 2011 Disaster. However, we start with a resistance to all these types of reductionistic attitudes. This special, first-number issue is titled "The Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle". This Chronicle is based on many resources that were released and published until approximately two months after the earthquake. We expect that readers can reflect upon the facts, impact, and background of the 2011 disaster in multiple and multi-layered manners that include historical, geographical, political, economical, social, cultural, and scientific contexts. The articles focus on the damage to the agriculture in the Ibaraki Prefecture (near Fukushima) in June, 2011, and the large scale anti-nuclear power plant demonstration in Tokyo in June 11,2011. This magazine is not a prodaction of myth but rather a sharing of the experiences and memories of the 2011 disaster in Japan and the reactions to it in a global public sphere. The magazine will be published quarterly until March We hope you will join us in our creative analysis of this historical event and in sharing ideas about the rebirth of society. Tadahito YAMAMOTO, The Institute of Politics and Economy 5

6 Special Issue The Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle Chronicle of a Disaster: Understanding How Multiple Disasters are Constructed in the Time and Space of Events Takashi MACHIMURA DISASTER AS A SEQUENTIAL, BUT CONTINGENT, MASS OF EVENTS: AN INTRODUCTION At 2:46 pm on March 11, 2011, I was in an office at a university building located in a western suburb of Tokyo. Suddenly, the floor began to violently shake. Earthquakes are not special occurrences in Tokyo. Yet, it did not take long before I understood that this earthquake was different from previous ones: the first quake continued for more than two minutes and was soon followed by several, frequent aftershocks. This was, however, just the beginning of long, eventful, and gloomy days for Japan. Why did we decide to chronicle the disaster, now called the Great East Japan Earthquake? One main reason is, unquestionably, the magnitude of the Earthquake s impact. However, if our intention were to represent the size of the event, the number or the volume of occurrences would be more impressive and, probably, easier to index. In fact, TV and newspaper reports often emphasized the extent of the disaster. However, we believe that such expression cannot present the reality that people have actually experienced since last March. Too many events occurred after the first quake, some of which were obviously related to it. However, most others were experienced by people without any certain belief of whether those events were real aftereffects. In particular, this time the accidents at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant have caused countless events until today. The nuclear crisis in Fukushima was certainly a direct aftereffect of the Earthquake and subsequent tsunami. However, related things occurred not only in the nearby area but also in Tokyo, entire Japan, and even the entire world. In reality, people s image of the current disaster has been produced through a cumulated perception of sequential, but contingent, facts following various Takashi MACHIMURA, Hitotsubashi University 6

7 The Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle Special Issue Chronicle of a Disaster: Understanding How Multiple Disasters are Constructed in the Time and Space of Events Takashi MACHIMURA accidents and incidents, sometimes regardless of whether they were directly caused by the Earthquake. This causes us to raise several simple, but difficult, questions: what was the disaster? Was it a disaster or multiple disasters? When will it end? Or, more importantly, how can it end? Soon after the Earthquake, many people said or believed that everything had changed. If so, all the facts could be seen as, more or less, disasterrelated. Certainly, this may be true from the obvious viewpoint of those who experienced it. However, such a view is inaccurate and may lead to a misunderstanding because it ignores the complicated structure of the facts related to both before and after the disaster. A careful review of what actually happened is important to establish a reality of the disaster. Making a chronicle is a starting point for this review. In this volume, two chronicles of the March disaster are presented. The Japanese version covers occurrences from March 11 to May 11, 2011, two months after the Earthquake. The English version is abridged, but covers up to the end of June. CHRONICLING A DISASTER: SIGNIFICANCE AND LIMITS and the effects are tsunami and the nuclear crisis caused by these two events. The crucial thing here is selecting an event from among an immeasurable number of facts. Of course, there is no tag or sign such as disaster-related or caused by earthquake on each occurrence. Therefore, necessarily, an attempt to select an event requires or depends upon a tacit knowledge that guides a decision of what is disaster-related. Such knowledge may include not only formal information or scientific data but also a shared feeling such as fear, threat, anger, or solidarity. These work together as a hidden frame of reference when describing a whole image of a lived disaster. In addition, we use mass media and the Internet as major sources of information. This means that the contents of the following chronicle are restricted by two hidden frames: one is that of chronicle makers, and the other of the original-source makers. To avoid any limitations being caused by this, we tried to expand the range of sources as broad as possible. Yet, the problem was not fully solved. Now we believe that the purpose of making a chronicle is to provide important clues for estimating such hidden contexts of the perception of the disaster that pervaded in public at that moment. About one month after the Earthquake, our research group began collecting data about the event, which was thought to be related to the disaster. The details of our collection procedures are explained by Takefumi Ueda in the next section. Here, I identify three basic characteristics of the chronicle, which can be attributed to the procedure of editing it. Chronicle Conditioned by Time Factor An attempt to create a universe of events is conditioned by timing, and making a chronicle is no exception. As mentioned, the selection of events depends inevitably upon some tacit knowledge that may be displaced by others in response to changing situations. People forget events easily, though selectively, within a relatively short time. Tacit Knowledge behind Chronicle Making To begin with, chronicling a disaster includes tracing a series of effects caused by or rooted in an original incident. In our case, that incident is the Earthquake Simultaneously, an attempt to organize those events into several master narratives begins, which in effect invents several coherent and often dominant stories of a disaster. 7

8 The Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle Special Issue Chronicle of a Disaster: Understanding How Multiple Disasters are Constructed in the Time and Space of Events Takashi MACHIMURA In addition, we encountered difficulty in making a chronicle of this disaster because the facts concerning the nuclear crisis were repeatedly revised by the electric company and state authorities. Company executives, state officials, and interested professionals hesitated to release and even hid unfavorable data. This caused a serious delay in the evacuation of residents in nearby areas. Because of an urgent request from concerned residents and both domestic and international criticism, the authorities changed their attitude and slowly released exact data after the accidents. From a technological viewpoint, only a real fact after revision should be important. However, from sociological and psychological viewpoints, a false fact before revision is also important because people acted on the basis of such a fact. The following chronicle tries to include both types of fact on the same timeline. Thus, a careful review is necessary to follow a chain of events. damage in the Tohoku area presented the main picture of the catastrophe, political and economic decisions in Tokyo, social and cultural reactions in remote places, and international responses were also considered disaster-related events. The following chronicle shows a certain geographical bias in its coverage. We must admit that our chronicle reflects, more or less, a viewpoint from Tokyo. This bias comes partly from the fact that most members in the research group experienced the disaster in the Tokyo area. Yet, it is also based on our original intention. The disaster that we met has a multifaceted character. It created an unexpected chain of effects, which were often produced, controlled, mediated, or interpreted in Tokyo because it is the political, economic, and cultural center of the nation. We have included into the chronicle as many events as possible that occurred in the area directly damaged by the earthquakes, tsunami, and nuclear accidents. However, at the same time, with an Geographical Location of the Event A chronicle is place-bound. Each event has a place of occurrence and a place of origin, and a geographical scale of influence. A disaster is not an exception. However, when studying the case of the Great East Japan Earthquake, several factors should be additionally considered. First, the geographical origin of the disaster itself is extremely wide. The epicenter of the first quake is reported to be an extended zone of land over 500 km in the Pacific Ocean. This caused a huge tsunami, which hit over 500 km of East Japan s coastal areas. Second, the disaster has a multifaceted and cascading character. As a result, the place of origin and the place of occurrence, as well as the geographical scale of influence were varied and complicated for this event. Third, since the nuclear crisis occupies a significant part of the disaster, the range of related events expanded drastically. While human loss and physical intention of making a chronicle from the viewpoint of social sciences, we have tried to cover the facts that occurred in and related directly to Tokyo. BEFORE INVENTING A SIMPLIFIED STORY OF A DISASTER In the following chronicle more than 11,000 various events are presented in a timeline from March 11 to May 11. Since it has many limitations, its contents are still tentative. However, as you will realize, the chronicle is already very voluminous. In fact, we considered the possibility or necessity of editing or summarizing its contents for convenience. However, we decided to publish it in its current form. As mentioned, people have already begun to forget events. Along with this, an attempt has been made to invent several master narratives from numerous 8

9 The Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle Special Issue Chronicle of a Disaster: Understanding How Multiple Disasters are Constructed in the Time and Space of Events Takashi MACHIMURA experiences. Members of our group cannot stay outside such a trend. Therefore, at this moment, we prioritized keeping a record of events and publishing them in a relatively raw form. The disaster still continues, and it is not clear when and how it will end. According to a current official report by the national government, at least 328 thousand residents who lost or left home because of tsunami and/or nuclear accident still live as temporary evacuees (November 17, 2011). In addition, thousands of people who voluntarily evacuated their home continue to live elsewhere. Nobody knows what actually happened inside the nuclear reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi plants. Thus, any chronicle has to be temporary, and therefore, open to future addition or revision. At the end of the introduction, we must apologize for the fact that the chronicle itself is in Japanese. Since most events happened in a Japanese-speaking world, the original chronicle must be in Japanese. It is too large in its original form to be translated into other languages. For the convenience of international readers, an explanation of the procedure of its making, references for information, and an abridged version are provided in English. Events are divided into several groups of items, such as government; politics and economy; nuclear accidents; military responses of Japan and the U.S.; damages and recovery of basic infrastructures; lifeline and production cycle; responses of professional institutions; activities in civil society; impact of nuclear accidents; culture and media; local events in Iwate, Miyagi, Fukushima, and Tokyo; and international responses. This is not a finished product but just a starting point. We hope that these manifold facts provide an opportunity to better understand what actually happened in Japan since March 11. 日 本 語 要 約 2011 年 3 月 11 日 巨 大 地 震 とそれに 続 く 大 津 波 が 東 日 本 を 襲 い 東 京 電 力 福 島 第 一 原 子 力 発 電 所 で 発 生 した 大 規 模 な 放 射 能 汚 染 事 故 がさらに 追 い 打 ちをかけた 何 重 にも 重 なる 災 害 の 下 で 数 え 切 れない 出 来 事 が 被 災 地 で 東 京 を 含 めた 日 本 で そして 世 界 各 地 で 発 生 してきた 今 回 の 災 害 がはたしていつ 終 わるのか 誰 にも 想 像 がつかな い 一 方 で 地 震 直 後 の 雰 囲 気 や 出 来 事 は (ゆっく りと 選 択 的 に) 記 憶 の 彼 方 へと 遠 ざかりはじめてい る はたして 東 日 本 大 震 災 と 呼 ばれるように なった 災 害 の 下 でいったい 何 が 起 きたのか しだい に 浮 上 しつつあるお 仕 着 せの 災 害 の 物 語 理 解 に 身 をゆだねる 前 に まずは 関 連 する (と 思 われる) 膨 大 な 出 来 事 の 束 として 震 災 を 記 録 し さまざまな 理 解 の 可 能 性 に 対 して 門 戸 を 開 いておくため 私 たち 研 究 グループは 災 害 クロニクルを 作 成 するこ とにした 本 号 には 3 月 11 日 から 5 月 11 日 に 至 る 2 ヶ 月 間 の 出 来 事 件 以 上 を 収 めたクロニクルが 掲 載 されている 作 成 手 続 きや 使 用 資 料 等 は 植 田 剛 史 による 次 章 および 後 出 のリストをご 覧 いただきた い クロニクル 作 成 のなかで 浮 かび 上 がったその 特 徴 と 限 界 について 以 下 3 点 指 摘 しておく 第 一 に 災 害 のクロニクルを 作 成 する 試 みとは 元 となる 災 害 事 象 によって 直 接 引 き 起 こされたり 何 らかの 起 源 をそこにもつと 考 えられたりする 一 連 の 出 来 事 をたどる 作 業 に 基 づく しかし 出 来 事 じたい に 標 識 がついているわけではない それゆえ ク ロニクルの 作 成 は 何 が 災 害 と 関 連 しているのかの 判 断 を 導 く 何 らかの 暗 黙 の 知 識 に 依 存 せざるを 得 な い 今 回 のクロニクルもまたそうした 暗 黙 の 知 識 によ る 制 約 を 受 けている 第 二 に 災 害 クロニクルの 作 成 は 時 間 によって その 内 容 が 左 右 される 特 徴 をもつ 災 害 との 関 連 判 断 を 導 く 暗 黙 の 知 識 は 時 間 の 経 過 とともに 変 化 していく また 並 行 して 災 害 をめぐるいくつか の 主 要 な 物 語 へと 個 々の 出 来 事 を 整 序 してい こうとする 力 が 強 く 働 くようになることも クロニクルの 9

10 The Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle Special Issue Chronicle of a Disaster: Understanding How Multiple Disasters are Constructed in the Time and Space of Events Takashi MACHIMURA 内 容 に 影 響 を 及 ぼす 加 えて 今 回 原 発 事 故 に 関 する 事 実 で 当 初 隠 されたり 不 明 だったりしたも のが 時 間 とともに 次 々 書 き 換 えられていく 事 態 が 起 きている したがって 今 回 のクロニクルの 中 にも その 後 の 視 点 からみると 不 正 確 なものも 含 まれてい る 可 能 性 がある クロニクルを 読 む 際 には こうした 事 実 の 上 書 き 過 程 にも 留 意 をする 必 要 がある 第 三 に 災 害 クロニクルは 地 理 的 要 因 によっても 規 定 される 出 来 事 は 地 理 的 な 位 置 をもつ した がって 作 成 者 の 位 置 関 係 が 否 応 なく 内 容 に 影 響 す る 以 下 のクロニクルも 東 京 という 地 点 からみた 災 害 観 という 特 徴 をもつ ただし きわめて 広 域 に 及 び かつ 原 発 事 故 を 含 む 今 回 の 災 害 の 特 徴 のひと つは さまざまな 出 来 事 が 東 京 という 場 を 媒 介 とし て 発 生 し また 解 釈 されたという 点 にある この 点 を 踏 まえ 本 クロニクルは 被 災 地 だけでなく 東 京 に 関 わる 出 来 事 も 重 点 的 に 収 録 している クロニクルの 活 用 にあたっては 以 上 の 特 徴 と 限 界 にご 留 意 ください 10

11 Special Issue The Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle The Procedure for Making the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle Takefumi UEDA CONTENTS OF THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE CHRONICLE To represent the reality of the so-called disaster that occurred since March 11, 2011, it is necessary to collect as comprehensively as possible information about the events that we consider would not have occurred if the Great East Japan Earthquake or Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster had not happened. Therefore, we have attempted to intensively collect information about events related to the following topics. Basic information about disasters caused by earthquakes and tsunamis For example, the information about seismic centers and seismic intensity, tsunami arrival times at each place, death and injury numbers, and the number of refugees. Nation-wide events that occurred in Japan For example, events related to the national government or national economy, Self-Defense Forces, Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster and its impact, The Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), infrastructure, academic community or expert organizations, Japanese civil society, urban life, and the media. Local events that occurred in Japan For example, events particular to the Tokyo Metropolitan Region (including the rolling blackout), and events related to each devastated area in the Fukushima, Miyagi, and Iwate prefectures. Events that occurred overseas For example, measures against the Great East Japan Earthquake or Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster taken by governments of various nations or by international organizations, and the other nationwide or local events particular to each country. SOURCES OF INFORMATION In the making of the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle, the following sources of information were available for use in the collection of the information about the events. Existent Chronicles Existent chronicles inserted in national newspapers, magazines, and journals have been utilized to establish the fundamental frame of the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle. In particular, the Daishinsai Document ( 大 震 災 ドキュメント) in Ashahi Shimbun is central to this frame. National Newspapers To create the fundamental frame of the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle, information obtained from articles in national newspapers is included. In particular, all the articles in Asahi Shimbun from March 12 to May 12 were surveyed. Other National Papers, such as Yomiuri Shimbun, The Nikkei, Mainichi Shimbun, Sankei Shimbun, and Nikkan Sports, were used auxiliary. Takefumi UEDA, Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(PD), Keio University 11

12 The Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle Special Issue The Procedure for Making the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle Takefumi UEDA Local Newspapers Detailed information about events particular to each local area, which is not usually included in national newspapers, was obtained from articles in local newspapers. These included Tokyo Shimbun (Tokyo), Kanagawa Shimbun (Kanagawa Pref.), Chiba Nippo (Chiba Pref.), The Ibaraki Shimbun (Ibaraki Pref.), Jomo Shimbun (Gumma Pref.), Fukushima Minpo (Fukushima Pref.), The Kahoku Shimpo (Miyagi Pref.), and Iwate Nippo (Iwate Pref.). such may cause bias to be attached to the Chronicle. However, the Chronicle is not a comprehensive list of events that occurred in relation to the Great East Japan Earthquake or Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. Rather, it is a list of symbolic events which fuels the imagination to consider the spread and depth of the impact of these disasters. Under such intentions, there is certain validity to the procedure adopted in the process of making the Chronicle, even if it includes some shortcomings. Overseas Newspapers Information about policies made by the other nations governments or the reactions of international civil society was obtained from articles in overseas newspapers. Examples of these newspapers include Rénmín Rìbào (China), Liberty Times (Taiwan), The Chosunilbo (South Korea), and Berliner Zeitung (Germany). Websites, Magazines, Journals, and Fliers Detailed information obtained from websites, magazines, journals, books, and fliers is also included in the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle to cover events that are not usually dealt with in mainstream media. This includes information about anti-nuclear power movements and other activities of Japanese civil society organizations, reactions of academic communities and expert organizations, or activities of the Self-Defense Forces. ABOUT THE VALIDITY OF THE PROCEDURE The selection of reliable sources of information and abstractions of events inserted into the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle are not necessarily made in accordance with uniform standards, and as 12

13 東 日 本 大 震 災 クロニクル The Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle 社 会 と 基 盤 研 究 会

14 著 作 権 情 報 Copyright Information 東 日 本 大 震 災 クロニクルの 作 成 過 程 には 社 会 と 基 盤 研 究 会 のうち 特 に 以 下 のメンバーが 携 わった The following members of the Study Group on Infrastructure and Society were engaged in the making of the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle. 編 集 / Editor 植 田 剛 史 / Takefumi UEDA Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (PD), Keio University 編 集 補 佐 / Assistant Editor 辰 巳 智 行 / Tomoyuki TATSUMI Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University 出 来 事 の 収 集 とデータ 入 力 / Collection of the information about the events inserted into the chronicle and data entry 岩 舘 豊 / Yutaka IWADATE Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University 神 山 育 美 / Ikumi KAMIYAMA Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University 金 知 榮 /Jiyoung KIM Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University, Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (DC2) 金 善 美 /Sunmee KIM Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University 町 村 敬 志 / Takashi MACHIMURA Professor, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University 森 啓 輔 / Keisuke MORI Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University, Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (DC1) 森 明 香 / Sayaka MORI Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University 佐 藤 彰 彦 / Akihiko SATO Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University, Assistant professor, Fukushima Future Center for Regional Restoration, Fukushima University 佐 藤 圭 一 / Keiichi SATO Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University, Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promoton of Science (DC1) 陳 威 志 / Uichi TAN Master's Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University 寺 田 篤 生 / Atsuo TERADA Doctoral Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University 植 田 剛 史 / Takefumi UEDA Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (PD), Keio University 渡 邉 安 奈 / Anna WATANABE Master's Student, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University 2011 Study Group on Infrastructure and Society 本 クロニクルの 一 部 または 全 部 を 無 断 で 複 製 することは 著 作 権 法 および 一 橋 大 学 機 関 リポジトリ 収 録 コンテンツの 利 用 について が 認 める 場 合 を 除 き 禁 じられています Disaster, Infrastructure and Society: Learning from the 2011 Earthquake in Japan No (2)

15 凡 例 と 注 釈 : 各 出 来 事 の 発 生 時 刻 を 特 定 できた 場 合 その 情 報 は 原 則 として 3 月 11 日 ~ 3 月 31 日 の 間 に 限 って 記 載 した ただし 地 震 / 余 震 の 発 生 自 衛 隊 の 活 動 福 島 第 1 原 子 力 発 電 所 事 故 にかかわる 出 来 事 基 礎 的 インフラの 復 旧 等 にかかわる 出 来 事 については 4 月 1 日 ~ 5 月 11 日 の 期 間 についても 発 生 時 刻 を 記 載 した また 日 本 国 外 における 出 来 事 の 発 生 時 刻 は 日 本 時 間 に 準 拠 して 記 載 した 発 生 時 刻 を 特 定 できない 出 来 事 および 発 生 時 刻 を 記 載 しないものとした 出 来 事 については 冒 頭 に を 付 した 冒 頭 を 付 して 記 載 した 出 来 事 は 必 ずしもその 発 生 時 刻 の 順 に 配 列 されているとは 限 らない 発 生 日 を 特 定 できない 出 来 事 については その 日 付 を 推 定 のうえ 記 載 し 冒 頭 に を 付 した 各 出 来 事 に 関 する 出 典 は それぞれの 末 尾 に [ ] で 括 って 示 した 出 典 のうち 特 に 頻 出 するものについては 略 号 を 用 いた 用 いた 資 料 の 詳 細 および 略 号 との 対 照 については 東 日 本 大 震 災 クロニクル 資 料 一 覧 (List of References for the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle) を 参 照 また Web Site を 参 照 した 場 合 当 該 団 体 組 織 機 関 イベントなどの 名 称 を [W:( 団 体 組 織 機 関 イベント 等 の 名 称 )] として 示 した Web Site を 参 照 した 団 体 組 織 機 関 イベントなどの 詳 細 については 東 日 本 大 震 災 クロニクル 資 料 一 覧 (List of References for the Great East Japan Earthquake Chronicle) を 参 照 ただし 防 衛 省 自 衛 隊 の Web Site を 参 照 した 場 合 は ただ [SDF] とのみ 表 記 した 自 衛 隊 の 列 に 記 載 した 出 来 事 の 冒 頭 にある 陸 自 海 自 空 自 原 子 力 は 以 下 を 意 味 する 陸 自 : 大 規 模 地 震 災 害 派 遣 による 自 衛 隊 の 活 動 のうち 陸 上 自 衛 隊 によるもの 海 自 : 大 規 模 地 震 災 害 派 遣 による 自 衛 隊 の 活 動 のうち 海 上 自 衛 隊 によるもの 空 自 : 大 規 模 地 震 災 害 派 遣 による 自 衛 隊 の 活 動 のうち 航 空 自 衛 隊 によるもの 原 子 力 : 原 子 力 災 害 派 遣 による 自 衛 隊 の 活 動 Disaster, Infrastructure and Society: Learning from the 2011 Earthquake in Japan No (3)

16 Fri. 11 Mar / / / / / 14:46 ( 38.1, Mw9.0, 7,,, 6,,,,,, 6 [ 14:49 [ ] 15:06, M7.0, 5 [Y] 15: :15, M7.4, 6 [Y] 15:21, :26, M7.2, 4 [Y] 15:41, M5.7, 4 [Y] 15:46, M5.7, 4 [Y] 15:49, M5.8, 3 [Y] 15:50, :55 10, [Y] 15:57, M6.1, 4 [Y] 16:00 [Y] 16:00, 6M [Y] 16:04, M5.8, 4 [Y] 16:15, M6.8, 4 [Y] 16:20, [Y] 14:46 14:50, 14:53, 14:56, 15:00, 15:03 15:14, [ 30 ] 15:14, 15:20, 15:25, 15: :45, 16:00, 16:00, 16:11 2, 16:15, 16:20, 23 (2011 ) 16:55, [ 30 ] 17:25, 17:39,, 18:11 14: , [NK] 14: : : :36, 1 [A] 16:36, 1 1 2, 15 [ 16:54, [ 17: : [A] 19:03 ( 1 ) 20: :23, 1 3, 3 10 [A] 22: , 24 50, [NK] 2 IAEA(), IAEA, IAEA, 24 14:50 ( : ) [SDF] 14:50 14:52 15:02 16:20 16:47, 16:50 2 ( -, - ) [I] 16:54 18:00 [SDF] 18:10 : 11 18:25 :( )27, 18:45 : 2( ) :48 : 11 18:50 19:30 ( ) [SDF] 20:45 : :20 ( ) 7 ( ) 21:50 : 3000 ( 500, 500, 500, 500, 1000 ), :17 :20 23:48 : 260, 8 3,,, [M],, 2 150, 4, [W:, 2, [W: [ ] NTT, (171) (web171) [W: NTT NTT, 6 [W: NTT 14:57 NTT, [W: NTT 15:00 NEXCO, ( IC IC, IC- IC ) 870km [W: NEXCO] 15:00 JR ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), [W: JR 15:04 [K] 15: [ :47 ( ) [W: 16:00, ( : ) [W: 16:00, - [ 16:02 [Y] 16:04, [W: 16:15, [Y] 16:20, (77 ) [W: 16:30 NTT, :37, - [ 17:20, (40 ) [W: 18:20 JR, [ ] 16 (4) DMAT( ), [W: DMAT] 20:00, ATM 2100 (20 ) [NK] 20:30, 8 JFE, [A],,,,, 4,,,, [NK],, (, ), [NK],, [NK], [NK],, 1,,,, [NK],,,, 6, 3, 15:00, [W: 17:10, [W: 18:36, [ ; 6, 23 (2011 ) [W:, Wiki 23 (2011 ) [ ; No.1622],, [W:, [W:, [W: ], [W: ], [W: UR], [W:, [W:, [W:, [W: ], [W:, [W:, [W:, [W: ], ( : ) [W:, [W:, PDF [W:, 23 [W:

17 / / / 16:45 ADRA Japan, [B: ADRA Japan] 18:00 (JPF), [W: JPF] 19:58 ADRA Japan, SDA [B: ADRA Japan] 20:49 ADRA Japan, SDA [B: ADRA Japan] 21:55 sinsai.info, [W: NTT, [W: PWJ] JEN, [B: ], [W:, [W: NPO, [W: NPO NPO, [W: ], NPO, [B: ] [B:, 16, AC 2010 ( ), ( ) [W: AC 15:03, - 15:15, - 21:33 NHK, [, QVC, 12 J, J1 J2 19, ,, JR,, 3 12, NHK, NHK, [W:, 6 14:46 14:46, [I] 14:46,, 42, [I] 14:46, [I] 14:46 [I] 14:50, [I] 15:00,, 15 [KS] 15:10, 15:10, [I] 15: [I] 15:42 [Y] 15: [I] 15:45, 16:00, 16:15, [Y] 16:15, [I] 16:23 1 [K] 16:36 [I] 16:40 [K] 16:40, [I] 16:46, [K] 16: [I] 17:10 [I] 17:33 9, 3 [I] 17:39,, 17:50 3 6, [I] 18:00, [NK] 18:00 1 [I] 18: : ( ), [W: 19:05 [I] 19:30 34, 20 19:50 [I] 20:00, 2, 20 20:00, 13, 13, 7 [Y] FM FM, [NK] 16:47, 18:00, [FP] 19:00, 19 6 ( ), 4 ( ), 20 30cm [ ; 4/11], [; 4/11],, [] (1, 1 ), (13, 10 ) [W: [W: 399 [W:,, 8 [FP], JR, [FP], [FP], 20 [FP] 15:02 15:15, 2 [K] 16:52, 110 [K] 16:53, [K] 18:28, 20:00, 500 [K], JR 500 [K],, 1 2 [K],, 35, [NK], [; 4/11],, [ ; 4/11], [ ; 4/11] (), [ ; 4/11] [ 2, 3 12 [K], 3 12,, 14:52 15:16,, [ 15:18 2 [ 15: [ ] 15:21 4, 20 [ ] 15:22, [ ] 15:24 [ 15:29, [ ] 15:29 10 [ 15:30, [ 15:32 [ 15:33, [ 15:34 5 [ ] 15:36, [ ] 15:38,, [ 15:41, [ ] 15:45, 3 4 [ ] 15:45, 45 [ ] 16:30 :, ( 15 ) [NK] 16:35 :,, ( ) [NK] 21:00 ( ), :00, 25 21:30 : [CI], :, :, : : [A] :, [A] : 500 ( 1350 ) :,,,, [LT] :, 17:32, [LT] : 3 11, [LT] Fri. 11 Mar (5)

18 / / / / / Fri. 11 Mar :29, M6.6, 5 [Y] 16:32 19 [K] 16:38, M5.9, 4 [Y] 16:52, :54, M5.5, 3 [Y] 17:05, M5.8, 3 [Y] 17:12, M6.4, 4 [Y] 17:19, M6.7, 4 [Y] 17:31, M5.8, 4 [Y] 17:35, M5.5, 3 [Y] 17:41, M5.8, 5 [Y] 17:47, M6.0, 3 [Y] 17:54, M4.8, 3 [Y] 17:58, M4.1, 3 [Y] 18:04, M5.1, 3 [Y] 18:10, [Y] 18:34, M4.8, 3 [Y] 18:42, M5.6, 3 [Y] 18:52, M4.8, 3 [Y] 18:55, M5.3, 3 [Y] 19:30 35, [Y] 22:00, 18:20, 18:42 19: :10,, 22:05,, 12 14, [NK], 1 = = , 1 = [Y] , [Y] % [Y] 18:26, [ ] 18:50 ( ) JR ( ) ( ) 6 54 [Y] 19:00 NTT, 12.2 [W: NTT 19:00, 19:30 [W: 20:00, 13, 13, 7 [Y] 20:00 JX ( ) [W: JX 20:30 NEXCO, ( - ), ( -, - ), 20:40 ( - ), ( - ) [ 21:00, 42 21:00, HP [W: 21:00 ( - ) [ 21:11 ( - ) [ 21:15 ( ) [ 21:20 ( - ) [ 21:30, :30 ( - ) [ 21:41 ( - ), ( - ) [ 21:55 ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ) [ 21:58 ( - ) [ 22: ,000,, 83,000, 230, 88, ,000 [W:,, 3,,, [W:,,, 10,, [W:, 46 [W:,, [W:, [W:, [W:, [W:, [W:, [W:, [W:, [W:,, 23 [W:, [W:, [W:,, [W: 18 (6)

19 / / /,,,,, [W:,, 20:00, 9000, 3000, 1500, :10,, [A] 22:00, :05, 23:00 2 [I] JR,, [T], [T], 2,, 1 3, (6 13 ), 260, 600 [W: ], 244, [T], , ,,,, [T], 24, 28, 50 [T], 20 [T] [T] 4, 2 [T] 2, [T],, 5 8 [T] [KS], 19 (7), :48 [ ] 15:53, [ ] 15:58 [ ] 16:05 [ ] 16:06, 2 [ 16:08, 2, 1 [ 16: [ ] 16:14 45, [ ] 16:17, 2 [ ] 16:22, [ 16:26 [ 16:27, 300 [ ] 16:29 [ ] 16:31, [ 16:32, [ 16:38, 6 [ 16:39, 250 [ ] 16: [ ] 16:51, 23 [ ] 17:04, 5 [ ] 17:13 [ ] :, 5 :, [RJ] : ( ), [RJ] :, 3 12 [RJ] : :, : :, 3 :, :, : :, 24 [A] :, ASEAN:, 3 12 EU:,,, Fri. 11 Mar. 3 11

20 / / / / / Fri. 11 Mar :30 88, 349, 330 ( )130, 24 (GPS), 70 66, 56, 30 40, GPS, ( ) 4m [W: 22:10 ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ) [ 22:16 ( - ) [ 22:36, (471 ) [W: 22:37 ( - ), ( - ) [ 22:43 ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ) [ 22:50 21 ( - ) [ 23:00 JX, :00 ( - ), ( - ) [ 23:10 ( - ) [ 23:13 ( - ) [ 23:15 ( - - ), ( - ) [ 23:40 ( - ) [ 23:50 ( - ) [, 3, 4, 1,200 [W: JR,, [; 4/11] (), [; 4/11], [ ; 4/11],, [, (, ), [ ; 4/11] ( ), [; 4/11], [; 4/11] 20 (8)

21 / / /, [KS], JR 5,, JFE, [T],, 11,, [T], 50, 600 [S] 2, 1, 2 [W: ( ), (43),, 3, 3,, [J], 60, [J] JR 2 [J] 100 [J],, 23 4 [J], [J], ( ), ( ), ( ) 3 17:16 [ ] 17:18,,, [ ] 17:20, [ ] 17:30 [ ] 17: [ ] 18:02 [ ] 18:17,, [ ] 18:50 [ ] 18: [ 19:15 [ 19:30 [ 20: [ ] 20:19, [ ] 20: [ ] 21:22, 100 [ ] 21:30 343, [ ] 21:50, 3 [ 23:58 [ ],,,, 40 [IN] OCHA( ), 35,, 30 Fri. 11 Mar (9)

22 / / / / / Fri. 11 Mar. 3 11,, [W:,,, 1, [; 4/11], 2 [; 4/11] ( ), 11 [NK], [; 4/11],, [ ; 4/11], [ ; 4/11], [ ; 4/11], [ ; 4/11], [; 4/11], 30cm [ ; 4/11], [], 46 [W:, 4, [W: ], [W:,,,, (30,008 ), (471 ), (77 ), (40 ) [W:, ( 150 ) [W: ( ), (258 ) [W:, ( 2,920 ) [W:, (380 ) [W:, ( 8,631 ) [W: 22 (10)

23 / / /, 77, [IN], 12 [IN], , [IN] JR IGR, 12 [IN], [ ; 4/11],,, 1, [ ; 4/11], 1 [ ; 4/11], [ 2 Fri. 11 Mar (11)

24 / / / / / Fri. 11 Mar. 3 11, (6,834 ) (207 ) [W:, ( 514 ) [W:, ( 14,572 ) [W:, ( 649 ) [W:, (,,,,, 311,144 ) [W:, (,,, 9,665 ) [W:, ( 6,324 ) [W: ( ), ( 1,140 ) [W:, ( 6,738 ) [W:, [W: NTT, 90, 18 23, 6.5, 6,300km [W: NTT NTT, 1,000, [W: NTT NTT,,,,, NTT, NTT, 3070, 33,000 [W: BB, 145,000 [W: BB], 11 1 Twitter, [, ( ) [ NHK, Skype, [ ] WILLCOM, PHS 14,000 [W: WILLCOM] 24 (12)

25 / / / Fri. 11 Mar (13)

26 / / / / / Fri. 11 Mar., [ 4, [W: (14)

27 / / / Fri. 11 Mar (15)

28 Sat. 12 Mar / / / / / 00:13, M6.6, 4 [Y] 00:24, 4 [Y] 01:00, , :44, 4 [Y] 03:59 6 [Y] 04:03, M6.2, 4 [Y] 04:08, 4 [Y] 04:09, 4 [Y] 04:12, 4 [Y] 04:24, 4 [Y] 04:32, 6 [Y] 04:44, 4 [Y] 04:45, 4 [Y] 04:47, 4 [Y] 05:08, [Y] 05:42, 6 [Y] 06:11, 4 [Y] 06:34, 4, [Y] 10:00, , :00, , 784 [Y] 00:11, 5 [Y] 00:15, 03:12, 6 [Y] 06:19, [ 30 ] 07:00, 1, 08:12 4 [W: 11:30 5 [W: 13:50, [Y] 15:00, 2 [Y] 18:00, 20:30, [W: 21:00, 21:40 6 [W:, [FP] 23 (2011 ), [W:,,, [ ; 50] 01: :30 1 1, 03: :44, :50, :11, 1 8:04 07:45 2 3, : :20, 1 1 [ 11: ( ) 15:00?,, INES ), JCO 4 15: :39, :00, 1 18:25, : :30, 1, [, 1 1 NRC( ) IAEA(), 05:15 : 1 ( ) 40, 6 ( 4 ), 06:30 : 3 06:35 : 73 UH-60J 10 08:41 : 1 ( ) C DMAT 65 08:51 : 3 ( ) C-1 1 DMAT 40 09:20 09:30 : 1 ( ) C DMAT 65 09:32 : 73 UH-60J 1 09:40 : CH , 30 09:43 : 3 09:53 : 9 10:36 : CH :55 : 5 11:26 : 5 12:40 : :40 : 3 ( ) C-1 1 DMAT 30 13:04 : 111 MCH [SDF] 13:38 : , :44 : 12 14:05 : 2 14:11 : 1 14:28 : 2 14:30 : 111 ( ) MCH :34 : 5 15:05 : 4 15:07 : 4 15:23 : 2 UH64 80, 16:10 : 6 16:30 : 16:35 : 5 09:00,,, 10 [M] KC13 CH46,,, [M], 1 1 2, 2 72, 75 00:00 ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ) [ 00:00, , 38 01:00, IC IC [Y] 01:09 ( - ) [ 03:59 JR ( - ), 6 [ 04:51 JR, 3 4 [ 04:58 ( 2 - ) [ 05:00 ( - ) [ 05:02 ( - - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ) [ 05:07 ( - ) [ 05:19 ( - ) [ 05:27 ( - ) [ 05:31 ( - ) [ 06:00 NTT 126 [W: NTT 06:03 ( - ), ( - ) [ 06:10 ( - ), ( - ), ( - ) [ 06:20 ( - ) [ 06:30 1 ( - ), 2 ( - ) [ 06:54 ( - ) [ 07:00, 8, 26 07:00 JR ( - ), ( - ), ( - ), ( - ) [ 07:00 [KS] 07:03 ( - ) [ 28 (16), , 13 14, 3 14, 3 13 FDK,,, 90 ( &,,, ),,, [A] ( ),, [, 13 UFJ, , 9 15,, 3 12 ( ), , 12 13,, :00, ( ) 1 [W: ],, ( ) [W:,,, [ ; No.1622],, [ ; No.1622], (3 13 ), [W:,, [W: ], ( ) [W:, [W: ], [W: ], [W:, [W:, [W:, 1 [W: UR],,,, [W:,,, [W:, [W:,, [W:, [W: ]

29 / / / 08:40, 4 [W: ], NGO5 (, ADRA Japan,,, ) [W: NGO AMDA, 11 3, [W: ], [W: ], [W: PWJ] BHN, 1 [W: BHN, [W: NGO JANIC, [W: JANIC] NPO, [W: ] ADRA Japan, 2, 5, 1 [W:, WP, [B: 18: , 15 1, 21:00, (RE- MAT), [NK] ( ), 25,, 1 [W: 09:00, :00, 4, 1 7 (,,, ), [Y], 3 13 [Y],, ,, FM 1 3,, CM AC(3 28 ) [ ; No.815] NHK, 1 - [W: NHK], IT :! 02:15 20 ( ), [W: 04:00, [W: 04:18 20 ( ), [W: 07:00, [I] 07:00 [KS] 08:00 51 ( ), [W: 08: [KS] 09:00 3 [I] 09:00 [KS] 09:10 MM 7 8 [KS] 11:00 [I] 11:30 [I] 12:14, :20 ( ) 4 [I] 12: (), [W: ] 13:00 16 ( ), [W: 14:15 16 ( ), [W: 15:30 1(), [W: ] 15: (), [W: 16:00 6 ( ), [W: 17:00, 5, 13, 64 17:12 4 ( ), [W: 17:30 50 (), [W: ] 17:40 4 [I] 18: , 15 1, 18:05 6 ( ), [W: 18:08 - [I] 19:30 6 ( ), [W:, , 3 14,, [NS] 16:31, : , 15 1, 19:30, , 20 20:00, 123,216 [FP] 21:00, [NK] (REMAT), 2 50,, ( ),, [FP] 6, [FP] JR [FP], 14 [FP], 3, [FP], ,698 [FP] 4,,, [FP] 1,600 [FP] 1,000,, 1,500, 400 [FP],, 2,000 [FP], ( ), 25, (17) 04:51 JR, 3 4 [ 09:00, 2 300, [K] 32,, [K],, [K],,, [K],,, 34, [K], ,, [K],,,, [K], , [A], 2 A4, :19 [ 01: [ ] 02:09, [ ] 03:02,, 150 [ 04:51 JR, 3 4 [ 07:08, [ ] 07:31 [ ] 09:15, [ 09:25 16 [ ] 09:40, [ 10:45 [ 15:50, [ ] DMAT,, [K], 12 [IN], [IN],, [NK], [W: 45 (), 2, 283 ( ), 2 [W: ] 00:00 ( ), :00, 38 07:00 : ( ),, [RJ] 07:20 :, ( ) [NK] 16:00 ( ), :00, 56 : [A], :, 5 :5 2 : 5 5,, :, 330 : 1,,, 4, 1 BWR [LT] :,, [LT] :, [NK] :,, 100 ( 1250 ) (1 ) [RJ] Sat. 12 Mar. 3 12

30 / / / / / Sat. 12 Mar :02, M5.8, 3 [Y] 13:06, M5.2, 3 [Y] 13:40,,, [Y] 13:43, M3.7, 3 [Y] 14:14, M4.9, 3 [Y] 15:44, M4.7, 3 [Y] 22:15, M6.0, 5 [Y] 23:35, M4.4, 5 [Y], :45 : 12, 17:28 : 2 17:56 : 33, 18:58 : 1 20:00 : 6 ( 5 ) 20:34 :CRF( ) UH-3 CH :33 : 2 ( ) DMAT8 : 5 9 1, 10, 2 07:30 ( - ) [ 07:32 JR ( - ) [ 07:35 JR ( - ), JR ( - ) [ 07:54 JR ( - ) [ 07:59 JR ( - ) [ 08:25 JR ( - ) [ 08:30 (- ) [ 08:49 JR ( - ) [ 08:56 JR [ 09:00 NTT, :00 [KS] 09:01 ( - ) [ 09:06 JR ( - ) [ 09:10 MM 7 8 [KS] 09:18 ( - ) [ 09:36 JR ( - ), JR( - ) [ 09:45 ( - ), [ 10:00, :00 JR ( - ), ( - ) [ 10:05 JR ( - ) [ 10:33 JR ( - ) [ 10:36 JR ( - - ), ( - ) [ 11:00 ( - ), ( JCT- ), ( JCT- ), ( JCT- ), ( JCT- ), ( - JCT) [W: NEXCO] 11:05 ( - ) [ 11:15 ( - ) [ 47, 3 2, 1,, 3 11 [W:, ( ) [W:,,,, 56, 63, (7:00 ) [A],, [W:,, [W:, 1126, 20, 34, 141, 127 [W:, [K], [Y] savelibrary [W: artscape] savemuseum [W: artscape], [W: ], [W: 30 (18)

31 / / /, 10 [B: ] [B:, [W:,,,, [W: , (30 ), (37 ), (20 ) 3, [KS] 3 1, 15, 2 [KS], [KS] 15 [KS], [KS] , 12 [KS] 18, [KS],, [KS],,, [KS], 4 45 [KS] , [S],, [S], ( ), [S], [I], 90, 1, 34, , 330 (3 12 ) [J] 45 ( ), [W: ], -, -, -, -, - [W: ( ), 3 12, A [A] (174 ),,, 3 ( ) :, [A] :, :, , :, :, 1 1, :, 2 EU: 17,, [W:, ( 11 ) Sat. 12 Mar (19)

32 / / / / / Sat. 12 Mar :20 JX, 2km [W: JX 11:25 ( - ) [ 11:30 ( - ) [ 11:55 JR ( - ) [ 12:00, ( 1,236 ) [W: 12:00 JR ( - ), ( - ) [ 12:10, 1 [ ] 12:14, :20 ( - ) [ 12:21 ( - ) [ 13:00 JR, ( - ), ( - ) [ 13:48 JR ( - ) [ 13:58 JR, 3 [ 14:00 JR ( - - ) [ 14:30 JR ( - ) [ 15:15 ( - ) [ 15:30 ( - ) [ 15:55 [BZ] 16:00 KDDI, 16:00 16:30, 1,300 ( ), 1 ( ), (,,, ), 36 (,,,,, ), 2,726 ( ), 1 5 ( ), 50 ( ), 350 ( ), 7,830 ( ), 3 ( ), 5,446 ( ), 258 ( ), 330 ( ) (20)

33 / / / Sat. 12 Mar (21)

34 / / / / / Sat. 12 Mar :00, 47 2, 74 8, 46 6, 135 6, 31 3, 16, 1 2, 1 8, 534, :30, ( ) 8, 25 18:00 45 ( - ), 395 ( - ), 281 ( - ), 106 ( - : ), 283 ( - ), 107 ( - ), 284 ( - ), 108 ( - ), 115 ( - ), 459, 114 ( - ), 49 ( - ) [W: 18:20 ( - ) [ 19:00 NTT, 6,160 19:15 JR ( - ) [ 19:51 JR ( - ) [ 20:00 NTT, 87 9,500, IP :50 ( - ), ( JCT-, - ), ( JCT- ) ( -, ), ( JCT- ), ( - ), 3 12,, 12 ( - ) [,,, [A] 4 2 1, 1 [W: 45, [W:, - [W:, ( ),, [W: 34 (22)

35 / / / Sat. 12 Mar (23)

36 / / / / / Sat. 12 Mar.,, 4,, 2 2 [W:, 12,, [W:, [W: NTT, NTT, [W: NTT NTT, 6,680 [M] NTT, KDDI,, 1 3, iphone [W:, LAN Wi-Fi 4 6 [W: KDDI, KDDI NHK, 1 NHK, TBS,,,, ( ) (24)

37 / / / Sat. 12 Mar (25)

38 Sun. 13 Mar / / / / / 00:44, M4.0, 3 [Y] 01:59, M4.4, 3 [Y] 03:09, M4.5, 4 [Y] 03:47, M3.6, 3 [Y] 05:41, M4.7, 3 [Y] 06:48, M5.5, 3 [Y] 06:58, M5.4, 3 [Y] 07:13, M6.0, 3 [Y] 07:30, [Y] 07:31, M5.7, 3 [Y] 07:59, M4.4, 3 [Y] 08:25, M6.2, 5 [Y] 08:41, M5.2, 3 [Y] 09:32, M4.8, 3 [Y] 09:41, M4.5, 3 [Y] 10:26, M6.4, 4 [Y] 12:09, M4.1, 3 [Y] 12:31, M4.2, 4 [Y] 12:34, M4.0, 3 [Y] 12:55, [Y] 15:00, M4.7, 3 [Y] 09:32 7 [W: 14:00, [Y] 14:00, [Y] 14:45, [Y] 16:29, [Y] 19:59, 14 [ 30 ] 21:01 8 [W: [T],,,, [T], 10 [ 30 ],,, : ( ) 05:10, 1 3, 15 [ 08: : : : [W: 11: : [T] 13: [T] 13: ( ) 15:28, 1 3 [ 20:20 [T], 00:20 : 6 ( ) DMAT64 [SDF] 06:45 : 10 06:46 : :50 : :32 : 20 07:39 : 84 07:51 : :00 : 6 08:05 :, 9 08:20 :69 08:57 : :18 : 66 10:50 : :51 : 18 13:40 : 12 14:20 : 36 18:30 : :20 : 9 ( ) [SDF], 3,, :00 KDDI, :44 JR [ 06:00 NTT, IP :18 [ ] 06:40 ( - ) [ 08:00 NTT, :00, :00, :05, [ ] 09:55 [ ] 10:50 ( ) [ ] 12:34 [ ] 13:00 NTT, 898,100, ISDN108,100, 512,700 1,518,900 [W: NTT 14:00 ( -) [ 14:00 [ ] 15:41 [ ] 17:00, [NK] 17: :00, [W: ] 21:38, [W: ( - ), JR ( - ), JR( - ), 1 ( - ) [ 4,, [W:, [W:, 38 (26) 15:00, :00, :00, JFE, 14 JFE, IBM, [NK] NEC, 3 14, [NK], 3, 14, 14, 10, , 25, 100,, , , ,,,, [W:, [W:, [W:,, 3 11 [W: 19:52, (10 ) [ ; 6,, JSCEjp( ),, [W:, [ ; No.1622],,, [W:, 3 12 ( 6 ), [ ; No.1622],, [W:, ( ) [W:, [W:, (ALOS) [W:, [W:

39 / / / 19:30, ustream [W: ] 19:43 JEN, 2 [B:, 3 NGO JEN, 3, 3 [W: JANIC], [W: ], [W:, [W: ] RQ NPO [W: RQ ] NPO, NPO, [W: NPO NPO,, [B:, 19:30, ustream [W: ], , 2, , , 160, 3, 1, 1 [W:, 3 13 HP [W: 13 13,, CC T 14,, TEAM JAPAN 10,, 50% 3 14 [NS] savearchives [W: artscape] ( ),, 06:30 - [I] 07:00 6 ( - ), [W: 09:30, [I] 09:30, 1, [I] 11:00, 307, 50% [I] 11:26 5 [I] 14:10 [I] 14:30 51 ( ), [W: 16:50, [I] 17: : [I] 18:00 31 [I] 14 8 JR,,,,,, 14,, , 5 [NK], [NS],, 13, 21 18,, [KS],, 7 4 2,,, 14 [KS], 32 [KS],, [KS], , 31 [I] 11:12 15, : , [FP] 17:00, 80, ,,, [FP], [FP],,, [FP] 22 89, 111 [FP],, [FP],,, [FP],, 1,500 [FP], 13,000 [FP], 3 13, ( 500 ) [FP] , [FP], 3, 1,, :00, :00, [NK], [K], 2, [K], 2000, 800, , 300 [K], 3 13, , [K],, [K], 1137, 1 [K] 3 14, [K], , [K],, [K],, 10:00, [K] 09:00, , 140 (69) [W: 18: , [W: ( ) 4 [K], [K] 08:17 : 15 CCA055, [RJ] 18:11 : 102 [CI] ( ), 3 13, 9 14 :, 3 12 :, 3 13 :, : 10 : :, (2002 ) [LT] :, [RJ] :,, [RJ] :, 3 13, :, [NS] :, 75 Sun. 13 Mar (27)

40 / / / / / Sun. 13 Mar :19, M4.3, 3 [Y] 17:58, [Y] 18:25, M5.5, 3 [Y] 18:52, M5.5, 3 [Y] 19:30, 1217, 1816 [T] 20:37, M6.0, 3 [Y] 20:56, M4.8, 3 [Y] 21:44, M4.7, 3 [Y] 22:43, M5.0, 3 [Y] 23:28, M3.9, 4 [Y] 23:28, M4.4, 3 [Y], 13 10, , 1 34, 16 M7.0, 6, ( ) 4.4m 75cm [W:, 6, ( 570 ) [W:, (2 ) [W:, (150 ) [W: ( ), (258 ) [W:, ( 1,031 ) [W:, (217 ) [W:, (229 ) [W:, [W:, 11,, 2010, [W:, [W:,, [W:, 3, , 3 17, 7 40 (28)

41 / / / 1 [W:, [W:,, [I] ( ), 5, [I],,, 3,,,, 3,, [I],,, (,,, ),,,,,,, (,, ) [I],, [I] 2, [I], [I],, 12 2 [I], 13 14, 14 7 [I], 13, 14, [I],, [I], [I] 10, 55 [A], [A] 3, 7 74, 290, 1, [J], 14 72, [K],, - [W: 1, [K], [K], 3 15,, [K] UNDAC( ) 5, [W: UNICEF( ), OCHA( ) 3, [W: WHO( ), REM- PAN(40 ), WHO, WHO IAEA [W: Sun. 13 Mar (29)

42 Sun. 13 Mar. / / / / /,, 400km, 200km, 20m [W: (30)

43 / / / Sun. 13 Mar (31)

44 Mon. 14 Mar / / / / / 00:10, M5.0, 3 [Y] 02:04, M4.4, 3 [Y] 02:29, M4.8, 3 [Y] 04:16, M4.9, 3 [Y] 04:27, M4.2, 3 [Y] 08:41, M4.7, 3 [Y] 08:47, M3.3, 3 [Y] 08:53, M4.9, 3 [Y] 10:02, M6.2, 5, 4 1, 10 [M] 12:10, M4.2, 3 [Y] 13:45, M4.7, 3 [Y] 15:10, 5 (M7.0 ) % [Y] 15:13, M6.3, 4 [Y] 15:18, M5.3, 4 [Y] 15:38, M4.0, 4 [Y] 15:44, M5.4, 3 [Y] 15:52, M5.2, 4 [Y] 16:25, M4.8, 3 [Y] 18:07, M4.8, 3 [Y] 20:06, M4.8, 3 [Y] 05:15, [Y] 09:04, TOPIX :33 9 [W: 15:00, %, 15:10,, [Y] 16:41,, [Y], 3 15, ( 3 7 ), [M],, (16 ),,, G8 ( ), 02:20 1, 500 [ 11: :25 1 2, [T] 14:00, [ 16: [ ] 18: :55, 1 2, [ ] 21: , 22: ( 9.4 ) [ 22: : : [T] , 1 [, Aa2 01:00 : ( ) :45 : 12 07:03 : 2 07:17 : 8 08:34 : 10 08:45 :41 08:55 : :45 : :03 : 11 ( 7, 4 ) 13:00 : 2 13:13 : ( ) ( 140L, 192, 174 ) [SDF] 13:15 : 46 13:25 : :14 : :40 : ( 170L ) [SDF] 15:43 : 6, 2 17:40 : 2 17:47 : 8 20:34 : 2 ( ) :56 1 2, (CRF 14 ) [SDF], ,,, 10, 8 14, [M],, 8 02:40 ( ) 5 [K] 05:35 JR [ 05:36 JR,,,, [ ] 05:50 [ ] 06:00 NTT, :30 [ ] 11:20, NTT 12:20 JR, 2 14:50 17:00, 1 17: ( - ), 398 ( - : ), 289 ( - ) [W:, 200 JR [ ] ( - JCT), ( JCT- JCT), ( JCT- JCT), ( JCT- IC) [W: NEXCO],,, - [W: JR, - [W:, 24, 4, 24,,,, [W: 44 (32), 2 JFE,, ( ) 1, ( ), 3, 5,, 2,, 3,, 15 16,,, , [NK], ( ), [W:, [NK], () [T] ( ), 14, [J], ( ) [T] ( ), 14, [J], 2 10, 77 HD, [T],, ATM, 9 5, 3 [T],, [W:, [ ; No.1622], 1 [W: ], [W:, [W: ], [W:, [W:, [W:,, 3 14, [W: ], 3 12 ( 6 ), [ ; No.1622],, [W: ],, [W:,, 3 14 [W: ], 1,, [W:, ( ) [W: ]

45 / / / 19:30, ustream [W: ] (JCN), [W: JCN], [W: PWJ] NPO, [W: YMCA, [W: YMCA], [W:, 3 [W:,, [W: JANIC], [W: JPF] (IVY), NGO [W: IVY] NGO, [W: ] NGO, [W:,, [W:, [B: ] 19:30, ustream [W: ], 1 20, , 2,,, 1,, 3 17 V,, 3,,,, 3401, ( ), 9 7, 4 28 [NK] ( ) J, 3 J1 J2 1 6 [NS] J1, 3,,, , , ( ), 30 (7 ), 10 09:40 - [I] 10:00, 50, ,, [I] 10:00, 170, 30 [I] 10:30, 4 [I] 10:35 [I] 11:20, NTT 11:30, 100, [I] 11:30, , , 40 56, 2 90, 1 4, 5 61, 3 71, , , , , 2 19, 6 22, , , , 4 645, 7 672, 4 260, 5 22, 5 20, 1 60, 4 215, , 5 388, , , 7 398, 1 100, , , 4 86, 1 30, [I] 14:30,, [I] 14:50 17:00, 1, 1 23,, 5, 7, ATM, 1 260,,,, [T], [T], [T],, (74), 3,, 1 20,, 1 3, [FP], 3 14 [FP], () [FP], [FP], [FP] 3 14, ,700 [FP],, 10,0001 2, [FP], [FP], 1,000 7,000 1 [FP] 146 2, 19 [FP] [FP],, 3, [FP], [FP], , 2 [NK] 45 (33) 11:00,, [K] 102,, 50 3,, [K], ( ),, [K],, 1 90 [K],,, [K],, , 6, [K],, , [K], 45, [K], 3 16 [K] 11:00 5,, [IN], 228, [IN], [IN], 50, [IN],, 500 [W:, 10, [K], 10 [A],, 1 03:34 :, [CI] 06:00 ( ), :00, :15 : 23, [LT] 11:43 :, 2 [CI] 12:00 :, 11 ( ) 127 ( 3235 ), [RJ] 15:00, (50 ) [RJ] :, :, 4 ( 33 ) :, 1 :, ,, :, [BZ] :, LNG ( 14 ) [NK] :, 30, [NK] :, 1 Mon. 14 Mar. 3 14