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- かねろう よしなが
- 7 years ago
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7 1.1(1)(2)(5)(6)(7) 1.1(3)(4) (1) 2.2(2)
8 ( ) ( ) ( ) 2
9 1.1 3
10 4
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24 Flexcar Zipcar City CarShare D.C. D.C. 18
25 19
26 20
27 21
28 22
29 23
30 4 24
31 2003 2,
32 ICVS( ) Crayon( : ) ITS/EV (02/4CEV ) ITS/EV ( ) / ITS/CEV 21 NPO (05/10 ) ITS OUR CAR( ) mobi-system Windcar( ) UPR 24( ) ITS/CEV ( )
33 2 27
34 28
35 Carplus Liftshare Mibility-JOURNAL, Mobility CarSharing Schweiz Hauptsitz Gutschstrasse 2 Postfach 6000 Luzern 7 Energie2000 CarSharing - the key to combined mobility1998 Mobility 29
36 16,000km 13,300km Energie Mobility 511 Mobility Potential Customer Mobility 2 9,300km 2,600km 1,000km 1,600km
37 2 37% 63% 25% 75% 1,000 1,000 1, , ,000 =3,080 3, ,500km 13,000km % 31
38 2 3 5% 55% (Muheim) CO24,200 32
39 CO210, CO2 combined mobility 6,400 CO2 426kg 60 9% 60 3,900 CO combined mobility 1999 CO2 CO2 CO CO2 8 CO2 33% % 1 km 33
40 in Mio.t CO2 ) Swiss Greenhouse Gas Inventory BUWAL, jährlich 1999 CO2 3 INFRAS 3 34
41 GAP NGO,, ), GAPGlobal Action Plan NGO GAP Thun 1 2 Energie NGO 1995 INFRAS
42 GAP, 40% 8% 11% 75% 6% 41% 10% 73% 11% 6% 51% 29% 54% 11% 6% 0% 8% 60% 17% 14% 2% 16 46% 24% 14% 6% 19% 40% 29% 13% 25% 10% 16% 68% 6% GAP 63 Zwischen Effizienz und Suffizienz: Die optimale Kombinationvon Instrumenten im Mobilitätssektor in Richtungnachhaltiger EntwicklungUrsula Mauch, Nicole North und Raffael Pulli 6,400MJ 64 J km 2.3% ( ) 17% 3.9PJ 3,900 J 3% GAP 1, GAP 18% 14% 8% 36
43 CO2 13% GAP GAP 7,000km 100km 8.5L PJ INFRAS 1997 NGO Energie2000 eco-drive 1015% 20.PJPeta= exp kmg 0.2PJ PJ CO Mio.PJ 12% CO2 3 t 13%
44 PJ peta=1000 Zwischen Effizienz und Suffizienz: Die optimale Kombinationvon Instrumenten im Mobilitätssektor in Richtungnachhaltiger Entwicklung Ursula Mauch, Nicole North und Raffael Pulli City CarShare City CarShare IT ,
45 Second-Year Travel Demand and Car Ownership Impacts : Robert Cervero(2004) City CarShare VolksWagen,Beatle 17 CarShare CO % 8.0% (2-4) City CarShare % 39.2% 73.3% 42.9%
46 Second-Year Travel Demand and Car Ownership Impacts : Robert Cervero(2004) 40
47 City CarShare Second-Year Travel Demand and Car Ownership Impacts : Robert Cervero(2004) VMT VMT 47% 73% VMT 10.1 City CarShare City CarShare
48 City CarShare Second-Year Travel Demand and Car Ownership Impacts : Robert Cervero(2004) Second-Year Travel Demand and Car Ownership Impacts: Robert Cervero(2004) 1 42
49 CO2 CO ,600 City CarShare 13,000 20,800km 720 2,725 43
50 m 200m 400m 3 2 IC km IC 1,000 EV 44
51 NEDO 45
52 EV 8 EV ()
53 () CO2 NO X CO kg NO X 719.8g CO kg NO X g kmh () 329.1kWh A 215km10 15 B 27,360Wh 95Ah12V24 () CO kg NO X 26.3g 47
54 2000 CO2 403gkWhNO X0.08gkWh () CO kg NO X 693.5g CO2kg NO Xg () () ()() CO2 NO X EV EV 1, , ,561.2 EV km 7 48
55 49
56 CO2 CO2 CO2 km g- CO2 % g- CO2 3 5, , , ,140 3,450,480 3,450, ,904 3,629,675 1,124, ,088 3,786,765 1,556, ,547 2,579,545 1,229, ,227 4,973, ,831 19,052,583 7,994,
57 cc 1300cc
58 km km ( ) ( ) 260km 32km 228km km 43km 43km 6% 52
59 98km A BC 1 1,277km 1 15% 10% 15% 5 53
60 43 54
61
62 図 2-15 電気貨物自動車共同利用システムモデル実験の駐車場 ①から⑧が充電設備有り ⑨から(21)が充電設備無し 出所 都市交通問題調査会ホームページ (ⅱ) 環境負荷低減効果の試算 業務交通を対象としたカーシェアリング実証実験 竹内新一 谷口栄一 土木 学会論文集 No.786/Ⅳ-67,21-29, の中で本実験による環境負荷低減効果の 試算が行われている そこでは 排ガス量の削減は 電気自動車への転換による排ガス削減効果 自動車交通の削減による排ガス削減効果 走行経路の短縮による排ガス削減効果 カーナビによる経路誘導効果 の３つに分けられるとし このうちの前２者について効果を算定している (a)自動車交通の削減量 56
63 () 21.7km 11, km 11, km km () km km () ()() km km 28% km km 20kmh CO267g kmno X0.29g km 57
64 CO267g km km 23,618g NO X0.29g km km 102g CO
65 CEV 59
66
67 % 61
68 km/ 2004km/ 7362km/ t-CO/ 6.09t-CO2/ 1.19t-CO2/ 4.90t-CO2/ 1 N= 62
69 9.01kml 16 km 2.34kgl 63
70 N= 9.01kml 16 km 2.34kg-CO2l 64
71 2 N= 9.01kml 16 km 2.34kg-CO2l 65
72 N= 9.01kml 16 km 2.34kg-CO2l 66
73 N= 23,625 / 10,000 /, 42,000 / 67
74 38,091 / 1 38,091 / 100,000 / 3,000 / 6,243 / 20,000 / 2,000 / 68
75 10, ,600 / 5000 / 26,000 / ,420 / 5000 / 26,000 / 69
76
77 71
78 5 N= 72
79 N= 73
80 % ,000km 10% km/ 49,727 49,727 43,682 1,130 44,812 74
81 75
82 6 1 5,000 76
83 77
84 78
85 2.3 km Mobility City Carshare ---- SmartMoves CO Carsharing- the key to combined mobility,energie2000,1998 Second-Yrar Travel Demand and Car Ownership Impacts,Robert Cerevero,2004 Using cars to reduce car use in local transport planning,carplus Carplus TheStudio 32 The Calls, Leeds LS2 7EW, November 2004, 14 No.786/-67,21-29,
86
87 ,000 IC A 1 1,575 B 15,750 4, ,500 IC A 1 1,575 B 5,250 2, A
88 km RFX 30, km
89
90 km RFX 15, km
91 A 9,000km B 5,500km 85
92 B 5 A
93 B 87
94 km m 10km/h 88
95 B 5km A 4km 89
96 90
97 4-1 S 3 15 (1988 ) Zipcar2000 CEV
98 92
99 93
100 %
101 4.3 TCRP(Transit cooperative research program) REPORT 108(Car-Sharing: Where and How It Succeeds) 95
102 % 96
103 97
104 98
105 2 () 2 ()()() 4 99
106
107 european car CS CS CS sharing CarSharing.net CS CS CS The World CS CS CS CarShare Consortium () CS Transportation Research Board of the National Academies Australian Greenhouse Office Car-Sharing--Where and How It Succeeds Car sharing: An Overview
108 Swedish National Make space for 2003 Road Administration Swiss Federal Office of Energy, Energie 2000 Car-Sharing! CarSharing the key to combined mobility 1998 Car-Sharing UITP 2005 CS Platform World CarShare / CS 1998 CS 379 Carsharing.US CS CS 200 () CS 102
109
110 ( ) (2) 52 1/ /5 1/
111 /5 30% 1 2,
112 106
113 /5 1/ ,000 5,000/300=16.6 = , =15 =15 80%( 100)
114 , , % 80% , = = = = ,900 17,700-11,900 5, = = = = ,860 17,700-7,860 9,840 /
115 とができ 緑地等にすることができる (ⅳ)その他 タワーパーキングが 2 連式でも 隣地境界線から約 6m セットバックすることがで きるため 圧迫感の抑制につながる また タワーパーキングの容積が減少するため 周辺への圧迫感の抑制等につながる 表 5-6 通常の計画とカーシェアリング導入の場合の比較 通常の計画 5 台導入 した場合 10 台導入 した場合 工事費 万円 17,700 万円 11,900 万円 7,860 万円 収容台数 設置率 144 台 80% 54 台 30% タワーパーキングの形状 3 連式 99 台 55% 2 連式 必要面積 タワーパーキングの高さ 約 50m 約 50m 約 50m 1 連式 カーシェアリング 1 台=マイカー10 台分として試算 カ ー シ ェアリ ン グ 導 入によ り 生 み 出せる 緑地 図 5-1 共同住宅モデル計画 階平面図
116 110
117 1 =
118 Town and Country Planning Act Planning Gain 2 1/5 /5 /10 112
119 1/
120 , Supporting car share clubs: A worldwide review, Integration into Urban Planning Work Package,MOSES (Mobility Services for Urban Sustainability) Project European Commission, DG TREN
121 NPO 115
122 Moving onsustainable Transport(MOST) $= NPOVictoria Car Share Co-op (VCSC) IC» CARSHARING AND MOBILITY SERVICES An updated overview 2001,D.sperling,S,Shaheen,C Wagner) 116
123 117 (1)
124 118
125 WEB () 3 ( ) 2km ITS 119
126 CO2 120
127 121
128 122
129 17 12 CEV :0018:00 QUO 1
130 2 CC CC CC
131 CEV CEV CEV CEV CC CC CC
132 4 1 A) CEV B) CEV C CEV D CEV
133 CEV E km F CEV km G CEV
134 CEV 10 ~ 10 6
135
136 8
137 9
138 10
139 11
140 12
141 17 12 CEV :0018:00 1,000 QUO 1
142 2.. CC CC CC..
143 CC CC CC 10 ~ 10 3
144
145 ( ) 5
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147 7
148 8
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着脱式EV報告書
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平成１７年度 マスターセンター補助事業
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総説.indd
(km) (kn) 25 20 15 10 5 400 10 0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 (km/h) 370 7.4 km 1,250 1,000 750 500 250 (sec) 70% 1500 V600 V P 600 V 300600 kw 1500 V 600 V 1500 V LRV30 ton40 km/h 12 km 24 6 13.2 MJ 3.75 MJ30
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1 1 15 52.3 17 53 17 1 1 1552.3 1 1 46.5H10 53 H17 15 52.3H15 1 69 70 2 2 2 11 16.3 2 15 2 15 1 2 2.7 16 3.4%H15 2 2 2,000 2 H14 4 H19 16 3 H15 2 2 2 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 (%) H10 H11 H12 H13 H14 H15 H16 H17
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1 2 3 4 5 KIOSK KIOSK 6 7 8 9 Account Ca rd 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ITS : 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 : 28 29 30 80kWh 214kWh 16.6kWh 156kWh 1033kWh 527kWh 41.2kWh 816kWh 06/25 2.5 2.5 5.2 31 2.2 2.3
1 509 12kg 1 ( ) L 9/19 6 00 SA8 20---8 30 PA10 30 IC12 30 12 40 13 12 14 00 15 40 9/20 4 00--- 5 30--- 6 20 7 00-8 00---8 15 9 20 7 9 45---10 00 10 40--- 11 00 11 45---11 55 12 20---12 35 13 20 14 40
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