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1 p.9 28 R2P R2P R2P NATO NATO NATO R2P
2 10 R2P R2P 2 R2P 2 R2P 3 R2P NATO NATO R2P 4 R2P R2P R2P from promise to practice R2P 1 R2P R2P 2 R2P 2 Lloyd Axworthy and Allan Rock, A victory for the Responsibility to Protect, Ottawa Citizen (25 October 2011), Responsibility Protect/ /story.htm. 3 Gareth Evans, The Responsibility to Protect Comes of Age, evans11/english 4 David Rieff, R2P, R. I. P., New York Times (7 November 2011),
3 R2P 2.1 R2P responsibility to protect ICISS R2P R2P 6 R2P R2P R2P 7 5 R2P ICISS 19 3 R2P The International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, Responsibility to Protect (Ottawa: International Development Research Center, 2001); Gareth Evans, The Responsibility to Protect: Ending Mass Atrocity Crimes Once and for All (Washington, D. C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2008). 7 ICISS ICISS, op. cit., pp ,
4 12 R2P R2P R2P R2P R2P R2P 8 R2P 2.2 R2P R2P R2P R2P NO UN Doc. A/59/565 (2 December 2004), paras UN Doc. A/59/2005 (21 March 2005), para. 132.
5 R2P ICISS R2P 7 R2P 7 R2P R2P R2P R2P R2P R2P R2P R2P R2P UN Doc. A/60/L. 1 (20 September 2005), para UN. Doc. A/63/677 (12 January 2009).
6 14 R2P R2P 4 R2P R2P R2P R2P R2P R2P 17 R2P R2P R2P Janjaweed R2P 19 ICISS 2001 R2P 14 UN. Doc. A/64/864 (14 July 2010); UN. Doc. A/65/877 S/2011/393 (27 June 2011). 15 Alex J. Bellamy, The Responsibility to Protect-Five Years On, Ethics & International Affairs, 24(2) (2010), p UN. Doc. A/RES/63/308 (9 October 2009). 17 Gareth Evans, Russia, Georgia and the Responsibility to Protect, Amsterdam Law Forum, 1(2) (2009), ubvu.vu.nl/alf/article/viewarticle/58/115evans Cristina G. Badescu and Linnea Bergholm, The Responsibility to Protect and the Conflict in Darfur: The Big Let- Down, Security Dialogue, 40(3) (2009). pp R2P Bellamy (2010), op. cit.
7 NGO R2P ICRtoP R2P R2P R2P James L. Gelvin, The Arab Uprisings : What Everyone Needs to Know (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), pp ; Lin Noueihed and Alex Warren, The Battle for the Arab Spring: Revolution, Counter-revolution and the Making of a New Era (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2012), p. 179.
8 16 R2P LAS R2P 26 EU UNHRC Marc Lynch, The Arab Uprising: The Unfinished Revolutions of the New Middle East (New York: Public Affairs, 2012), p Gelvin, op. cit., p UN. Doc. A/HRC/19/68 (2 March 2012), para Emily O Brien and Andrew Sinclair, The Libyan War : A Diplomatic History/ February-August 2011, Center on International Cooperation, New York University, libya_diplomatic_history.pdf. 26 SC/10180 AFR/2120 (22 February 2011), 27 U. N. Doc. A/HRC/S 15/1, Situation of human rights in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, (25 February 2011).
9 Navy Pillay step in 28 R2P Abdurrahman Shalgham 28 Situation of Human Rights in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya: Statement by Navy Pillay, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (Human Rights Council - 15th Special Session-Geneva, 25 February 2011), NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=10760&LangID=E. 29 UN. Doc. S/PV (25 February 2011), p. 3.
10 18 R2P R2P ICC Mustafa Abdel Jalil TNC 3 5 TNC TNC R2P Ibid., p UN. Doc. S/RES/1970 (26 February 2011). 32 Founding Statement of the Interim Transitional National Council (TNC), Benghazi, Libya (5 March 2011), Rebels in Libya Win Battle but Fail to Loosen Qaddafi s Grip, africa/03libya.html.
11 GCC OIC Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu AU GCC OIC LAS AU R2P EU war-unrest/ / Alex J. Bellamy and Paul D. Williams, The New Politics of Protection? Côte d Ivoire, Libya and the Responsibility to Protect, International Affairs, 87(4) (2011), p Statement of Professor Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu OIC Secretary General to the Meeting of the Permanent Representatives on the Situation in the Libyan Jamahiriya, (8 March 2011), id=5023&x_key= 36 Final Communique Issued by the Emergency Meeting of the Committee of Permanent Representatives to the Organization of the Islamic Conference on the Alarming Developments in Libyan Jamahiriya, (8 March 2011), Communique of the 265th Meeting of the Peace and Security Council, PSC/PR/COMM. 2 (CCLXV), (10 March 2011),
12 20 R2P EU EU EU27 39 EU The outcome of the Council of the League of Arab States meeting at the Ministerial level in its extraordinary session on The implications of the current events in Libya and the Arab position Cairo, March 12, 2011, Res. No.: 7360 (12 March 2011), para. 1, reprinted in International Legal Materials, 50(5) (2011), pp Libya no-fly zone plan rejected by EU leaders, (11 March 2011), libya-no-fly-zone-plan-rejected 40 EUCO 7/1/11 REV 1 (11 March 2011), para Simon Chesterman, Leading from Behind : The Responsibility to Protect, the Obama Doctrine, and Humanitarian Intervention After Libya, Ethics & International Affairs, 25(3) (2011), p
13 R2P R2P R2P UN. Doc. S/RES/1973 (17 March 2011). 45 Secretary-General Says Security Council Action on Libya Affirms International Community s Determination to Protect Civilians from Own Government s Violence, SG/SM/13454 (18 March 2011), docs/2011/sgsm13454.doc.htm 46 R2P R2P ICRtoP R2P Global Center for RtoP R2P
14 22 R2P 3 NATO 47 R2P R2P 48 R2P 49 ICISS R2P R2P R2P Open Letters to the Security Coucil on the Situation in Libya, at globalr2p.org/media/pdf/open_letter_to_the_security_council_on_the_situation_in_libya.pdf 47 Statement by NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen on Libya, Press Release (2011) 036 (27 March 2011), 48 Jennifer Welsh, Civilian Protection in Libya: Putting Coercion and Controversy Back into RtoP, Ethics & International Affairs, 25(3) (2011), p Chesterman, op. cit., p. 280.
15 R2P Gerard Araud R2P 2 R2P R2P Interview with Mohamed Sahnoun, Global Responsibility to Protect, 3(4) (2011), p S/PV. 6491, p UN. Doc. S/PV (17 March 2011). 53 Ibid., p Ibid. p. 7.
16 24 R2P R2P R2P R2P R2P 4.2 R2P Ibid., pp S/PV. 6491, p. 7.
17 EU TNC 3 12 TNC Ibid., p S/PV. 6498, p S/PV. 6498, p S/PV. 6491, p. 4 (Lebanon), p. 5 (Columbia), p. 6 (Gabon); S/PV. 6498, p. 9 (Portugal), p. 6 (India), p. 6 (Brazil). 61 EUCO 7/1/11 REV 1, para LAS, Res. No.: 7360, para James Pattison, The Ethics of Humanitarian Intervention in Libya, Ethics & International Affairs, 25(3) (2011), p. 272.
18 26 R2P R2P R2P R2P R2P NATO NATO R2P R2P R2P R2P 64 U. N. Doc. S/PV (4 October 2011), p Ibid., p. 11.
19 NATO R2P R2P 1973 R2P R2P R2P R2P 67 R2P R2P R2P 66 Bellamy and Williams, op. cit., p Thomas Weiss, RtoP Alive and Well after Libya, Ethics & International Affairs, 25(3);
20 28 R2P R2P R2P B
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