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1 Okada Kazuhiko

2 J Millar, J, What s Wrong with the Maffia Anyway?, in G.Kaminsk (ed.), Economic Transition in Russia and the New States of Eurasia, Bartlomiej, M. E. Shape. Millar, J, p Aoki, M., Toward a Comparative Institutional Analysis, MIT Press, 2001 NTT 2001

3 GDP GDP GDP Kornai,J., Transformational Recession : The Main Causes, Journal of Comparative Economics, Vol. 19, No.1, PCE2001, c.279 PCE 2002 c. 279 PCE 2001, c. 38. PCE 2003, c. 281; PCE 2004, c PCE 2004, c. 175, 359, 418, 611.

4 GDP IMF 11 PCE 2004, c , p.89

5 ,290 3,972 3, ,285 4,916 3, ,582 3,388 1, ,223 7,628 1, ,583 4, ,600 4, ,224 2, , , , ,360.31, , , , , ,876.22, , , , , , , , , , , , , PCE 2004, c. 175, PCE 2004, c PCE 2004, c. 180.

6 , , , , , , , PCE 2004, c PCE 2004, c PCE 2003, c. 185 ; PCE 2004, c. 193.

7 Transition report 2004, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, p PCE 2004, c pp Stephenson,S., The Russian homeless : old problem-new agenda, in Hutton, S. & G. Redmond(eds.), Poverty in Transition Economies, Routledge, p. 19, p. 29

8 , , , ,190 5, ,141 2, , ,456 1, PCE 2001, c. 546; PCE 2004, c. 588.

9 GDP , , , , ,061 GDP PCE 2001, c. 547 ; PCE 2004, c Pinto, B., Drebentsov, V., & A.Morozov, Dismantling Russia s Nonpayments System : Creating Conditions for Growth, World Bank Technical Paper, No. 471, 2000, p. 2. PCE 2000, c. 538 ; PCE 2001, c. 558 ; PCE 2002, c. 566 ; PCE 2003, c. 582; PCE 2004, c Gaddy, C. G. & Ickes, B, W., Russia s Virtual Economy, Foreign Affairs, Vol.77, No.5, 1998, p. 54, 60.

10 OECD 28 OECD Economic Survey 2000, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, p The Russian Economic Barometer 2003, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of World Economy and Institutional Relations, vol. No. 2, p

11 K Gaddy, C. G. & Ickes, B. W., Russia s Virtual Economy, Brooklings Institution Press, 2002, p. 130.

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