紀要52巻1号 人文編 川田 進

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1 1 Discussion of the Policies of the Chinese Communist Party on Tibet and its United Front Activities through the Role of the 5th Geda by KAWATA Susumu Department of Intellectual Property, Faculty of Intellectual Property Manuscript received May 31, 2007 Abstract The 5th Geda is one of the highest priests of Tibetan Buddhism. He is considered to be a heroic religious leader who supported the Chinese Communist Party in the Red Army s Long March and the Tibetan Revolution. The 5th Geda is associated with the Chinese Communist Party in the following two ways: his support for the Red Army and Zhu De in 1936; and his role as a messenger of the party during the liberation of Tibet by the party in The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the united front activities of the Chinese Communist Party centered on its policies on Tibet through analyzing the political figure of the 5th Geda. ; Keyword; 5th Geda, 6th Geda, Zhu De, Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Baili Temple, Robert Ford, Captured in Tibet, Chinese Communist Party, United Front Work Department of CCPCC

2 ( ) 1950 ( )5 ( ) ( ) 5 (1936 ) (1950 ) 5 5 (2003 ) 6 (2005 ) ( ) 4) 5 ( ) 1) ( ) 2) ( ) 3)

3 5 3 = ( 2006 ) ( 1977 ) ( 1978 ) 5 A THE MAKING OF MODERN TIBET( ) 5) ( ) 5(Geda huofo) (Geda renboqie) (Geda lama) (huofo) 10 (1995 ) ( ) ( ) ( )

4 4 8 5 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ) ( ) 28 ( ) 7)

5 5 5 8) ( ) 9) ( ) ( ) ( ) 10) 11).! 12) 13) 14) ( ) 15)

6 () ( ) 18 16) ( 1) ( ) () ) 17) 1 Fig.1 The mutual aid treaty concluded by the Red Army with Ganzi Temple and Baili Temple 134 (1 100 ) ) 9 20) 4 22 ( )

7 5 7 21) 22) ) ( ) Bot 70 24) 25) 嘎 26) 27) ( ) ( ) 4 28) 5 1 ( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) 29) 1 ( 2 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 )

8 8 ( 6 )( 7 ) ( 8 ) ( 9 ) 30) ( ) ( ) 31) ( ) 32) ( ) 33) 碉 碉 ( ) 34) 120 (600 ) )

9 ) ( ) 37) ( ) ) ( ) ( ) 1945 ( ) ( ) 39) ( ( ) 40) ) (1985 ) 1936

10 10 41) ) ) ( ) 44) ) 18 46) ) ( ) ( ) 48) ) ) ( )( )

11 ) Fig.2 The 5th Geda, talking with the 18th troops ( ) 52) ( ) ( 1917 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 53) 18 ( 2001 ) 3 (43 44 ) ( )

12 ) 5 11 ( ( ) ) 55) ( ) ( ) ( ( ) 56) (44 ) (44 )6 (44 45 ) 57) 6 1 ( ) 58) (6 2 ) 10 ( ) 59)

13 ) ()

14 14 (46 ) 61) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 14 ) 7 ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 8 ( ) ( ) ( ) 郝 2000 Robert Ford, Captured in Tibet, GEORGE G. HARRAP CO. LTD,

15 5 15 ( ) 50 郝 ) 63) 2 64) 卡 ( ) ) 8 66) ( ) 67) 68) 69) 1 70) 1 69 ( ) ( 嘎 ) 71) ( )

16 16 72) ( ) 73) ( ) ) ( 1999 ) (775 ) ( ) 75) 76) ( ) 77)

17 ) 78). 79) ) 1950 ( ) ) ( ) 8 22 (Robert Ford) ( ) Captured in Tibet( ) ( 1959 ) ( ) 嘎 82)

18 ) 84) () ) 2 ( ) 86) (8 22 )

19 ) 嘎 噶 ( 145 Captured in Tibet 138 ) ) ( ) ) 3 Fig.3 Ford, detained by the Liberation Army in Changdu 3 50 ( 2001 ) 4 90) ( )

20 20 ( 145 Captured in Tibet ) 4 Fig.4 Ford, receiving an explanation from the Liberation Army on its policy toward captives ) (154 ) () 92) ( ) 12 93) ) 6 15 ( 7 24 )

21 ( ) 嘎 7 7 ( ) 8 ( ) 7 12 ( 8 22 ) ) 7 24 ( 6 15 ) 8 13 ( 7 2 ) ( 卡 ) ( ) 8 21 ( 7 10 ) 22 嘎 96) 12 3

22 22 97) 98) ( ) ( ) ( ) 99) ) 裁 判 官 は10 年 の 禁 固 刑 を 言 い 渡 したが 最 終 的 には 中 国 政 府 の 判 断 で 国 外 追 放 処 分 となった フォードは 後 に 回 顧 録 の 中 で ゲダの 死 についてこう 記 している. ( 91 Captured in Tibet 83 ). ( ) ( )

23 郝 ( ) 101) () ティエンパオ( 天 宝, 川 田 注 )さんの 声 が 曇 ります Geda huofo 1959

24 24 102) A THE MAKING OF MODERN TIBET( ) 103) ( ) ( ) Fig.5 Statues of the 5th Geda(left)and Zhu De(right) ( ) 104) 1999 (1987 ) ( 6) ( 7)

25 Fig.6 Exhibition panels of the Boba Government ) 7 5 Fig.7 Exhibition panels of the 5th Geda 6 5

26 ( 8) Fig.8 The 6th Geda

27 ) ( 9) Fig.9 The opening ceremony of the 5th Geda Memorial Hall 5 ( ) ( ) 1950 ( ) ( ) 107) )

28 28 ( ) ( ) ( 73) 109) ) 5 ( ) ( 1999 )

29 (2005 ) 70 (2006 ) 5 ( ) 111) 5 DVD 112) ) ( ) 114) (

30 ) ( ) 5 ( ) 115) ( 10) ( ) 10 ( ) 5 ( ) Fig.10 Ford(left) and the 5th Geda(right) in the Changdu radio station ( 4 ) ( ) 116) 56 ( 4 ) () 5 117) 6 6

31 ) ) (1988 ) ) ( 25 ) 5 121) 1999 翟 ) (2003 )(2005 ) ) ( ) 124) ( ) 5 5

32 ( ) 30 ( ) (2006 ) ) ) ) ) 61 ( ) 68 ( ) 5) ( 2000 ) 50 ( 2004 ) 6) ) ) ) ) ( ) ) ( ) ) ) ( ) )

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35 ) ) ( ) ) ) ) 郝 ( ) 69) ) ) ) ) ) ( ) ) ) ) ( ) ) ( ) ) ) ( ) ) ( ) ( ) ) ) ) ) ) ( ) ( ) )16

36 ) ) )Robert Ford, Captured in Tibet, GEORGE G. HARRAP CO. LTD, ) ) ) ) ) ) )Robert Ford, Captured in Tibet, GEORGE G. HARRAP CO. LTD, ) ) )Robert Ford, Captured in Tibet, GEORGE G. HARRAP CO. LTD, ) ) ) ) ) htm ) ) ) eng/ htm ) ) ) ( ) )DVD ) ( ) )

37 5 37 挖 ( ) 82.htm ) ( ) 116) ) 20 ( ) ) ) ( ) ) 挖 ( ) 82.htm )VCD ) " htm ) htm ) ) ( ) ( ) 2) ( ) 3) ) ) ( ) 6) ( ) 7) ( ) 8) 6 ( ) ( ) 9) )DVD

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