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1

2 1980 Type of BusinessKind of Business Type of Operation Type of Management

3 (1992) RIRI Operation Type Operation

4 Types of Retailers Types of Establishments (1) Type of Retailor RetailingEstablishments P.KotlerMarketing ManagementTypes of Retailers (2) M.LevyB.A.Weitz Retailing ManagementTypes of Retailers (3) the type of merchandise sold, the variety and assortment of merchandise sold, the level of customer service, the price of the merchandise Type of Operation 1985 (1995)pp P.Kotler (1999)Marketing ManagementPrentice-Hall the Millennium ed.p.520. M.Levy,B.A.Weitz (2009)Retailing ManagementMcGraw Hill 7th ed.p.34.

5 (4) 1980 (5) 1 (6) (7) (1995)pp pp (1981)p.83.

6 () (8) (9) 3 (10) 1982,p p (1985)() 3323p.127,(1986) ()334pp.17-45

7 (11) , pp.1-17.(1967) 22,pp (1978) 21,pp

8 1980 (12) 4 (13)

9 1980 S.Brown (14) (15) European Journal of Marketing

10 1) M.P.McNair (16) Competitive Distribution in a Free High-Level Economy and its Implications for the University

11 D.M.Lewison(1991),Retailing,4th ed.macmillan Publishing,p.73. O.Nielsen

12 (17) A B C ()O.Nielsen(1966)Developments in Retailing,in M.KjaerHansen ed.reading in Danish Theory of MarketingNorth-Holland,p.113. figure ()(2008)19 17 O.Nielsen(1966)"Developments in Retailing" in M.Kjaer-Hansen(ed.), Reading in Danish Theory of Marketing, pp

13 R.M.Hower S.C.Hollander (18) ()J.B.Mason,M.L.Mayer and J.B.Wilkinson(1993)Modern Retailing Theory and Practice,6th ed.,richard.irwin, p C(1979) pp

14 D.Izraeli (19) 19 D.Izraeli(1963) The Three Wheel of Retailing," European Journal of Marketing, Vol.,No.,pp

15 A B B 2 CD AB 2 B D 3 C D 3 C 1 A A 1 EF 2 B D 3 C A 1 C F 2 B 3 A 1 E D D.Izraeli(1963)The Three Wheels of RetailingA Theoretical Note,European Journal of Marketing,Vol.7,No.1,pp W.R.Davidson Product Life Cycle

16 (20) ()Davidson, Bates and Bass(1976)The Retail Life CycleHarvard Business Review,Vol.54,November-December,p.91. (2) 20 W.R.Davidson, A.D.Bates and S.J.Bass 1976 The Retail Life Cycle, Harvard Business Review, Vol.54,November-December,pp

17 G.H.Wadinambiaratchi L.P.Bucklin A.C.R.Dressman C.Darwin. (3)

18 R.R.Gist ()------() () (21) ()Lewison and Delozier(1989),Retailing,Merril Publishing Company,p R.R.Gist(1968) Retailing Concepts and Decisions John Wiley Sons, pp

19 L.W.Stern and A.L.El-Ansary (22) (4) S.Brown S.Brown (2001) (23) (2000) R.K.Merton 22L.W.Stern and A.I El-Ansary(1977)Merketing Channels,Prentice-Hall,pp S.Brown(1987)Institutional Change in Retailing: a Review and Synthesis European Journal of Marketing, Vol.21,No.,pp.15.(2001),pp.229

20 (24) 24(2000)pp

21 (J.A.Schumpeter) (25) (P.F.Drucker) 25J.A.(1977) (), p.180

22 ()() (26) (27) (1) 26P.F.(1987), pp (1996) (2004)

23 (28) (2000) 29 (2) ( ) ( Vol.45 No.,pp (2000)

24 ) 30 () 30(2000),pp (1994),pp

25 (2007) p.34 (1996) (31)

26 () () () () 1997) (32) (1998) 31(1996)43, pp (1997),pp.-23.

27 (33) (34) (2007)8 33(1998) ,pp (1999) (2007)

28 (2001) (35) 35(2001)

29 (36) to () to 36(2001) Sears (2002) 48

30 10 10

31

32 (1999) 1997 Vol.45 No. (1999) (2000) (2003)No.16 (1999) (2001) Sears (2002) 48 (1995)

33 (1993) XXX (2000) (1998) (1993) (1998) (2001) (1994) (1997) J.A.(1977) () (1977) (1967) (1985)31 (2000) (2001) (2001) (2001) 33 P.F.(1987) (1996)43 (1997) (1996) (2004)

34 C(1979) (1982) (1985)() (1986)() (1981) (2000) (1994) S.Brown(1987) Institutional Change in Retailing: a Review and Synthesis European Journal of Marketing, Vol.21,No.. S.Brown(2003) Institutional Change in Retailing: a Review and Synthesis European Journal of Marketing, Vol.21,No..1987,pp.-36. W.R.Davidson, A.D.Bates and S.J.Bass 1976 The Retail Life Cycle, Harvard Business Review, Vol.54,November-December,pp R.R.Gist(1968) Retailing Concepts and Decisions John Wiley Sons, pp D.Izraeli(1973) The Three Wheel of Retailing," European Journal of Marketing, Vol.,No.,pp.70-. P.Kotler (1999) Marketing Management Prentice-Hall the Millennium ed.p.520. M.Levy,B.A.Weitz (2009) Retailing Management McGraw Hill th ed.p.34. M.P.McNair(1958)Significant Trends and Developments in the Postwar Period "in A.B. Smith (ed.) Competitive Distribution in a Free High-Level Economy and its Implications for the University, p.17. O.Nielsen(1966)"Developments in Retailing" in M.Kjaer-Hansen(ed.), Reading in Danish Theory of Marketing, pp L.W.Stern and A.I El-Ansary(1977)Merketing Channels,Prentice-Hall

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