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- ゆき みやくぼ
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1 1/17 ` <kumazawa@biwako.shiga-u.ac.jp> I II III OR R OR I II III 1.1 I II III I II I 1/17
2 2/17 II III 1.2 R III 1.3 R 2 descriptive statistics inferential statistics ( ) X 1,X 2,,X n : n estimation testing prediction significance interval A B 2/17
3 3/17 ( )/ = n i=1 x i n = x, = n i=1 (x i x) 2 n n x i 5 Statistical Quality Control 7? Mauna Loa is the largest volcano on Earth with an estimated volume of 9,600 cubic miles (40,000 cubic kilometers). It makes half of the area of the Island of Hawaii. Mauna Loa began to form nearly a million years ago. There is a caldera, Mokuaweoweo, at the summit and rift zones extend to the northeast and southwest. Mauna Loa is in the shieldbuilding stage and is one of the most active volcanoes on Earth, erupting 15 times since The last eruption was in 1984 and sent lavas within 4 miles (6.5 km) of Hilo. ( ) FreeWare R plot(co2) R MacOS Windows Unix Linux OS Australia New Zealand 3 data sample 3/17
4 4/ qualitative data nominal scale ordinal scale CD 3.2 quantitative data continuous data discrete data 1 interval scale ratio scale 4 1. simple random sampling 2. systematic sampling 3. stratified sampling 4. two stage sampling stratified tow stage sampling parameter 4/17
5 5/ T.Bayes x y r = s xy sxx s yy (x 1,y 1 ),(x 2,y 2 ),,(x n,y n ) 2 n s xy = n i=1 (x i x)(y i y) n 1 s yy = n i=1 (y i y) 2 n 1, s xx = n i=1 (x i x) 2, n 1 n, x = 1 i, y = n i=1x 1 n s xy,s xx,s yy,x,y x y r xy Pearson x y m R n y i i=1 50m running income age /17
6 6/17 50m m R cor(d) d 50m 3 r xy r zx r zy (1 rzx)(1 2 rzy) m Mammal species f f d d f d e c d d c c c e e d d d e e b b c e a a b b e c c e a a a a a b a b b b c f f f f f Productivity 6 a f /17
7 7/ d e f Mammal species a b c Productivity 9 7 t X Y t X Y Numbers Index X Y 7/17
8 8/17 t X Y Numbers Index X Y, 120 X Y X Y Y X X Y (x i,y i ) n i=1 { yi (β 0 + β 1 x i ) } 2 X Y 8/17
9 9/17 X Y logy logx mercury venus earth 1 1 mars jupiter saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto = m : 2 : 3 : /17
10 10/17 EXPLORATORY DATA ANALYSIS Histogram of x Density of x Boxplot of x Q Q Plot of x Sturges 7 Gaussian Shapiro-Wilk SQC Statistical Quality Control QC7 (i) Graph, Control Chart (ii) Pareto Diagram (iii) Histogram (iv) Cause and Effect Diagram (v) Scatter Diagram (vi) Stratification (vii) CheckSheet 7 5 R qcc (i) 10/17
11 11/17 (ii) (iii) 100% (iv) median 25% 1 first quartile 25% 3 third quartile boxplot (v) qqnorm qqline /17
12 12/ Shewhart control chart CL Center Line UCL Upper Control Limit LCL Lower Control Limit (i) x x (ii) R R (iii) x x (iv) p p (v) pn pn (vi) c (vii) u Pareto Pareto chart 12/17
13 13/ Fishbone Diagram Cause and Effect diagram Communication SKills ambiguity lack of knowledge Knowledge Literacy Incorrect Deliver Procedures Manual automated Transport carriers Information R airquality Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day R help airqualtiy 13/17
14 14/ Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day airq airq Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp /17
15 15/17 Temp < 82.5 Wind < 7.15 Wind < 10.6 Temp < 88.5 Solar.R < 205 Solar.R < Temp < Temp< Wind>=7.15 Call: lm(formula = Ozone Temp * Wind * Solar.R + I(Solar.Rˆ2) + I(Tempˆ2) + I(Windˆ2)) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(> t ) (Intercept) 5.670e e ** Temp e e * Wind e e ** Solar.R e e I(Solar.Rˆ2) e e I(Tempˆ2) 5.815e e * I(Windˆ2) 6.095e e e-05 *** Temp:Wind 2.373e e Temp:Solar.R 8.433e e Wind:Solar.R 2.063e e Temp:Wind:Solar.R e e Signif. codes: 0 *** ** 0.01 * Residual standard error: on 100 degrees of freedom 15/17
16 16/17 (42 observations deleted due to missingness) Multiple R-squared: , Adjusted R-squared: F-statistic: on 10 and 100 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16 3 Call: lm(formula = log(ozone) Temp + Wind + Solar.R + I(Windˆ2), subset = (1:length(Ozone)!= 17)) Residuals: Min 1Q Median 3Q Max Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(> t ) (Intercept) Temp e-12 *** Wind *** Solar.R e-05 *** I(Windˆ2) ** --- Signif. codes: 0 *** ** 0.01 * Residual standard error: on 105 degrees of freedom (42 observations deleted due to missingness) Multiple R-squared: , Adjusted R-squared: F-statistic: on 4 and 105 DF, p-value: < 2.2e (i) Web Wikipedia : (ii) google goo yahoo AND 1 AND 2 AND AND OR 2 ( OR ) AND 16/17
17 17/17 NOT black and white black and white site: filetype:ppt filetype PowerPoint Web IT ppt Word Excel PowerPoint Acrobat Reader doc xls ppt pdf (iii) Windows Ctrl +C Ctrl +V Ctrl +A Ctrl +Z Ctrl +S Ctrl +Shift+S Ctrl +F Ctrl + Ctrl C V A Z S F Windows WebBrowser InternetExplorer FoxFire Ctrl+L URL 17/17
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