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40 &&$%) 95,&$%) 95 9$%) 95 3 HUFHQWW FKDQJHH LQ SHULSKHUDOO UHVLVWDQFHH 3(0, (;(5&,6( 0&$ 95 5HVW 7,0( ( VHF Fig. III Percent changes in vascular resistance in common carotid artery (CCABF-VR), internal carotid artery (ICABF-VR), middle cerebral artery (MCA-VR) and vertebral artery (VABF-VR) during rest, static handgrip exercise, and postexercise muscles ischemia (PEMI). For the calculation of MCA-VR, mean flow velocity was used instead of volume blood flow. Resting vascular resistance was defined as 100%, and shadow area indicates exercise period in the figure. 後筋虚血 PEMI を行った平均動脈血圧 MAP 脈経路と椎骨動脈経路の血流動態が異なることを示 Finapress 指動脈圧波形計測および心拍数 HR していた頸動脈経路では血圧上昇に対して血管 ECG 法により測定した総頸動脈 CCA 内頸動収縮作用により血流を制限するが椎骨動脈では血脈 ICA および椎骨動脈 VA における血流量管収縮作用が少なく血流の流入を許す経路という特 BF をまた中大脳動脈 MCA では平均血流速度徴がみられたこのような経路の相違をもたらす仕を超音波ドップラー法 Logic 3 Vivid 7 により計組みは運動時に活性化する脳細胞代謝に起因する測した各動脈の血管抵抗を平均血圧と BF MCA はのか両経路の脳血管の自動調節能の相違なのか平均血流速度の比として算出したあるいは圧反射などの神経調節活動の関与の相違なのかは明らかではない Querido and Sheel 2007 結果および考察 HR および MAP は運動後半にかけて著しく上昇文献 Helleström G, Fischer-Colbrie W, Wahlgren NG, Jogestrand T : Carotid artery blood flow and middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity during physical exercise. J Appl Physiol, 81: , Jørgensen LG, Nowak M, Ide K, Secher NH : Cerebral blood flow and metabolism. In : Eercise and Circulation in Health and Disease. Edited by Saltin B, Bouchel R, Secher NH, Mitchell JH, pp , Pott F, Ray CA, Olesen HL, Ide K, Secher NH : Middle cerebral artery blood velocity,arterial diameter and muscle sympathetic nerve activity during post-exercise muscle ischeamia. Acta Physiol Scand, 160: 43-47, Querido JS, Sheel AW : Regulation of cerebral blood flow during exercise. Sports Med, 37: , したそして PEMI 時には HR は安静値に戻るが MAP は安静値より高い値を示した頸動脈経路における BF は運動開始早期に増加するがその後は一定値で維持されたそして PEMI 時には安静値まで戻った一方椎骨動脈経路における BF は静的運動開始から終了まで漸増したまた PEMI 時においても安静値よりも高い値を維持したこのため血管抵抗が Fig. III 頸動脈経路では静的運動時の値が安静値から約 50 も上昇したが椎骨動脈経路では約 10 程度の上昇にすぎなかった PEMI 時では頸動脈経路の値は安静値に比べ有意に高いが椎骨動脈経路ではほぼ安静値またはそれ以下の値を示したこのような結果は運動負荷に対する頸動 59

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66 Fig. III Eight measurement points (channels, Ch) over the frontal lobe. S: source; D: detector. 5.3 Test of a 8-channel time-resolved imager (Politecnico, Milan, Italy) The key limitation of NIRS-CW is the coupling resolution (200 ms) and a fast image reconstruc- between the absorption and the scattering coeffi- tion/data analysis. The instrument was used for cient causing the lack of quantitative assessment. monitoring spatial changes in calf oxygen satura- The simultaneous estimation of both absorption tion (SO2) during dynamic plantar flexion exercise and scattering can be achieved by NIRS-time (Torricelli et al. 2004). The same system was uti- resolved (NIRS-TR) systems, which deliver ultra- lized to investigate the bilateral PFC oxygenation short laser pulses into tissue and record the time responses to a letter-fluency task (Quaresima et al. distribution of diffusive photons. In the past, for 2005). The cross-subject mean values of PFC SO2 both technological and financial constraints, were 68.8 ± 3.2% (right) and 71.0 ± 3.6% (left), NIRS-TR systems have grown on a complex labo- and of thb were 69.6 ± 9.6 μ M (right) and 69.5 ± ratory scale, yet, in recent times, they have 9.9 μ M (left). The typical cortical activation evolved towards compact and portable instru- response to the cognitive task was observed at ments. Up to now, such systems have not been each measurement point. O2Hb is the most sensi- commercially available either on the market or at tive indicator of increases in cerebral blood flow the research and laboratory stage. (neurovascular coupling) and the direction of the In collaboration with Politecnico of Milan changes in HHb is determined by the oxygenation (Italy), a compact eight-channel NIRS-TR system and volume of the venous blood. was developed for the non-invasive measurement The same system was used to monitor the optical of tissue oxygen saturation and total hemoglobin response following a motor task (finger opposition, volume (thb). The system has a high temporal 3 Hz) (Contini et al. 2006). The Fig. III (left 85

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技術研究報告第２６号

技術研究報告第２６号 1) 2) 3) 250Hz 500Hz RESEARCH ON THE PHYSICAL VOLUME OF THE DYNAMIC VIBRATION RESPONSE AND THE REDUCTION OF THE FLOOR IMPACT SOUND LEVEL IN FLOORS OF RESIDENTIAL HOUSING Hideo WATANABE *1 This study was