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20 112! Beebe, Leslie M., Tomoko Takahashi, and Robin Uliss-Weltz 1990 Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. In Scarcella, Robin C., Elaine S. Anderson, and Stephen D. Krashen eds. Developing communicative competence in a second language. Boston, Mass.: Heinle & Heinle Publishers Brown, Penelope and Stephen C. Levinson 1987 Politeness: Some universal in language usage. New York: Cambridge University Press. Gass, Susan M. and Noel Houck 1999 Interlanguage refusals. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Goffman, Erving 1971 Relations in public. London: Allen Lane The Penguin Press. Gudykunst, William B. and Tsukasa Nishida 1983 Social penetration in Japanese and American close friendships, Communication yearbook vol. 7. New Brunswick, N.J.: International communication Association, Kawate-Mierzejewska, Megumi 2002 The interface of initiations/re-initiations on refusal sequences in conversational discourse, AILA 2002 Abstracts, 135. Mackey, Alison and Susan M. Gass 2005 Second language research: Methodology and design. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Nelson, Gayle L., Joan Carson, Mahmoud Al Batak, and Waguida El Bakary 2002 Cross-cultural pragmatics: Strategies use in Egyptian Arabic and American English refusal. Applied linguistics vol. 2, no. 2, Schiffrin, Deborah 1994 Approaches to discourse. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell. Tannen, Deborah 1984 The pragmatics of cross-cultural communication, Applied linguistics vol. 5, no. 2, Thomas, Jenny 1983 Cross-cultural pragmatics failure, Applied linguistics vol. 4, no. 2, Watanabe, Suwako 1993 Cultural differences in framing: American and Japanese group discussions. In Tannen, Deborah ed. Framing in discourse. NewYork: Oxford University Press
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