Fig. 1 The factors affecting on the strength of lump coke ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) Tablel The coefficient of the equation(4) (at K=1.0) Fig. 2 Estimation of

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1 Fig. 1 Coking time as a function of the oven width and the flue temperature Fig. 2 Influence of the wall properties on index and coking time Fig. 3 Influence of the coal properties on index and coking time (1)

2 Fig. 1 The factors affecting on the strength of lump coke ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) Tablel The coefficient of the equation(4) (at K=1.0) Fig. 2 Estimation of JIS drum index.

3 Fig. 1. Distribution of Coke Properties Along the Lump of Coke.

4 Fig. 1. Re lat ion between 'NCT and Coke Fig. 2. Effect of ivif on DI in Various Properties. NCT Fig. 3. Effects of MF and Ro in constant DI 105

5 Fig. 1 Relation beween Din, coke fine and drum rotation. Fig. 2 Variation of coke proper -ties across the oven width. Fig. 3 Increase of DIN by the CDQ. Fig. 4 Estimation of DIN and coke fine at the BF. Table I. Effects of DO

6 Fig. 1. Relation between Head's RSI and heating rate at Head Fig. 2. Effect of heating rate at Tail on Head's RSI Figures represent heating rate at Head Fig. 3. Relation between Tail's PSI and heating rate at Tail Fig. 4. Effect of heating rate at Head on Tail's RSI Figures represent heating rate at Tail

7 Fig. 1 Schematic Diagram of Apparatus TABLE 1. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF COKES

8 Fig1.EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS Fig 2. Fig 3.

9 Fig. 1 Scheme of automatic equipment for microscopy Fig. 2 (a) Corelation of Fig. 2 (b) Corelation of vitrinite exinite (a) (b) Fig. 3 Anisotropy index for coke texture

10 Fig. 1 Effect factors of burnt lime on granulation Fig. 2 Size distribution of coke breeze Fig. 3 Relation between CY (27WB) and Return Consumption

11 Table.) Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of pulverized fuel burner Cherrical properties of pulverized coke and coal Fig. 2 Flame temperature profile in the axial direction of combustion zone (heavy oil, pulverized coal, coke ) Table 2 Comparison of total calorific value and sinter quality (upper layer ) amona various kinds of fuel Fig. 3 Flame temperature profile in the axial direction of combustion. zone (pulverized coke, coal coke. coal )

12 Fig. 1 The outline drawing of the line burner Fig. 2 distribution of the burner flame ternperature Fig. 3 relation between f lame temperature and time

13 Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of E.P. Fig. 2 Relation between charging ratio and dust density of outlet Fig. 3 Relation between operation days and dust density of outlet

14 Fig. 1 Flow of cooler heat recovery system Table 1. Specifications of equpment Fig. 2 Operational results

15 Fig. 1 Outline of equipment Table 1 Specification of equipment Fig. 2 Relation between generation and gas temp.

16 Fig. 1. Outline of hor air circulation system. Fig. 2. Relation between production rate and waste gas temperature. Fig. 3. Relation between production rate and generating power.

17 Fig. 1 Outline of equipment Fig. 2 Operating. data

18 Fig. 1 Change of CSiO2, ofree E by repetition of stacking Fig. 2 Adjustment of tilting angle of blending stacker Fig. 3 Change of raw material MSS by hopper level Fig. 4 Change pattern and MSS bet ore improvement Fig. 5 Charge pattern arrl before irrprovement Table 1 asi02 and amss before and ofter improvement Fig. 6 Change of standard deviation of Si02 (GS102 ) in Sintered Ore

19 Fig. 1 General system of signal transmitter Fig. 2 Outline of rotation accumulator Fig. 3 Structure of tape optical-fiber Table 1 Transition of optical power level (dbm) Table 2 S/N of ITV signal (db)

21 Table 1. Composition of Cr are ( /0) Fig 1. Difference in reduction rate between Cr are and pure Cr203 (1) Fig 2. Increase in reduction rate of Cr are by some halides and oxides

22 Fig- 1 Schematic Diagram of 154/ch Rotary Converter Fig - 2 Relation between Reduction Degree of Chromium Table- 1 Composition of Chrome Ore PelletS and Excess Coke Weight

23 Fig - 1 Schematic Drawing of Smelting Pattern

24 (1) (2) (3) Fig. 1 Effect of temperature on reduction degree Fig. 2 Effect of E value on reduction degree Fig. 3 Effect of E value on gas utilization

25 '83 - S 837 (125) バッチ式小型コークス充填層による溶融還元実験 (溶融還元法によるフェロクロム製造プロセスの開発一5) 川崎製鉄(株)技 1. 緒言高田至康片山英司角戸三男稲谷稔宏浜田尚夫槌谷暢男電気を使わないフェロクロムの製造法としてコークス充填層による溶融還元法の開発を行なっているクロム鉱石の溶融還元の最適操業条件(フ度,向術研究所o 流ガス量等)を決定し,又ラックス組成,コークス粒径,二その条件を実現する手段の開発を目的として,フ段羽口間距離,鉱石供給速ラックスを添加した鉱石のコークス充填層内での溶融還元フォーミング滴下挙動と生成メタル組成について検討した 2. 実験方法実験装置をFig.1に黒鉛ルツボ(内径40mmφ,高示す底に目皿状に穴のあいたさ110mmH)内に所定粒径(3 5,5 8,8 10,10 12mmφ)の高炉用コークスを詰め, その上に最終スラグの液相温度粘度が所定の値となる様に石灰石,ケイ石を添加した鉱石ペレットを置き,24/minのAr気 45 まで等速加熱(295 /H)し線透視装置によって直接観察すると共に,発外線分析計で,滴流中で16 た溶融還元滴下状況はX一生するCOの濃度変化は赤下状況は試料ルツボ下部に置いた滴下物受けルツボ内の温度変化で検出した 3.実験結果昇温過程におけるCOの発生状況,充スラグの滴下挙動を記録した結果の1例をFig での溶融鉱石の激しいフォーミング状況のX一 1.に填層の圧力損失, 2に,又1645 Fig. 1 Experimental 線透視観察をphoto apparatus 示した鉱石ペレットは添加したフラックスの溶融温度に近い温度で溶解後,コークス充填層上で,ある時間保持され,そ昇と共に激しいフォーミングを伴って還元が進行し,フの間,温度土ォーミングが乖さまった時点で滴下した滴下開始時期は滴下スラグの液相温度,粘表面張力で決定された滴下スラグ中のFe,Cr量依存し,その値が2%以,Crで1520 壌は滴下開始時期に下となるコークス充填層温度はFeで1400 であった (Fig.3) 生成したメタル中のC の平衡計算値と一 Fig. 2 Typical 濃度は1600 experimental result 致した (Fig.4) Photo Fig. 3 Relation degree and between slag dropping reduction temperature Fig. 4 Composition of metal in coke packed bed 125 produced. 1. Foaming during smelting reduction of chromite

26 Fig. 1 Experimental apparatus Fig. 2 Typical experimental result Fig. 3 Effect of flux amount on dropping Fig. 4 Relation between averaged residence time of slag and mean coke size Fig. 5 Relation-between reduction degree and averaged residence time of slag

27 Fig. 1 Schetnatic diagram of test plant Fig. 2 Cooling curve (Slag thicknees : 5/01) Fig. 3 Effect of slag thickness on the slag cooling rate

28 Fig. 1 Experimental Apparatus Fig. 2 Collection between granulated slag D ia and Coefficient of granulation (2) Fig. 3 Floating capacity of granular slag on Perforated Plate

29 '83 - S 841 (129) 非晶質スラグの付着温度 (高炉スラグ熱回収法新日本製鐵(株) 緒第2報) 第三技研藤本政美.長尾由一, 榊原路語, 村中正信言高炉スラグのエァアトマイズ法の受粒部においてスラグ粒が付着し塊になると,流動化搬送できなくなり, 巨続運転が困難となるこの受粒部付着防止の設計指針とするため,スラグ粒間の付着温度と受粒部衝突板へ )スラグの付着温度を調査したので報告する実験方法 Hot-thermocouple法1)で調査したこれはThermocouple ゴ単に温度検出のために用いるのではなく,ヒータと試料保持の役 Uりを兼ねて使用するものである微粉砕した高炉スラグをThemlo}oupleの先端湾曲内部に付け加熱電流でスラグを溶融し,付己を観察しようとする所定温度まで /secの調し,非着状速度で冷晶質熱粒スラグとしたこの非晶質熱粒スラグに冷えた非晶質スラグを接触させスラグ間 Photo.1 )付着温度を調査したまた衝突板と同じ材質の試料を接触させ相 Adhesion slag(950 Ž)on and cold between Adhesion between heating thermocouple slag. 王の付着温度を調査した衝突板の表面粗度の影響については,3T/Hのエアアトマイズ蔓置を用い調査した実験結果 1) 非晶質スラグ間の付着温度の下限は950 であるそれ以上の温度では付着する (Photq1) 2) 890 までは.やわらかいゼリー状を示しスラグ片で突き刺す二とができるしたがって変形の状態によっては付着する可能性がある 3) 非晶質スラグの衝突板への付着下限温度は Photo.2 slag(1070 Ž and であ material heating ) on the of rmocouple plate. 5 (Photo.2,Fig 1) 4) 衝突板の表面粗度が大きくなると付着し易くなるこれは表面の凹部に埋め込まれるように付着するためと考えられるま 1) とめ非晶質スラグ間の付着下限温度は950 と低く,付着し易いが, 斬突板への付着はスラグ相互間より付着しにくい 2) 衝突板の表面粗度が大きくなると付着し易いこのため,衝建板は表面荒れを生じないような材質を選択すべきである Fig. 1 献 1) 日本金属学会報第16巻 4 号 (1980) p Adhesive temperature between heating slag on thermocouple a piece of collision plate. and

30 Fig. 1 Relation between 0, concentration in the granulation atmosphere and bulk specific gravity of the granulated slog Fig. 2 Relation between moisture concentration in the granulation atmosphere and bulk specific gravity of the granulated slag Table 1. Granulated slag quality test results (HMS-25)

31 Fig. 1 Relation between rapid cooling temperature and glass content Fig. 2 Mean temperature of slag bath Fig. 3 Method by slag flowing

32 Fig. 1 Out line of the test plant Fig. 2 Relation between rapid cooling temperature and glass content Fig. 3 Heat balance

33 Fig. 1 Measurement of displacement Fig. 2 Test conditions Fig. 3 Projection of brick

34 Fig. 1 The area gunned refractories on2lst, 22nd May at Kamaishi 1 BF Fig. 2 Vaporizing frequency of mantel sprayed water on 21st,22nd May, before gunning refractories ( total of 6th May to 20th May) Fig. 3 Vaporizing frequency on mantel gunned on 21st, 22nd May, after gunning refractories (total of 23rd May to 7 th June)

35 Table 1. Properties of Tap Hole Mix Fig. 1 Relation between distance trom tap hole and temperature in tap hole Fig. 2 Relation between tap hole length and Temperature atter 45minutes at 2000 mm from tap hole

36 ' (136) Fig I Schematic of apparatus Fig 2 Stress --strain curve for carbon block with grain at 1500 C Fig 4 Creep behaviour of carbon block (j --- unloading ) Fig 3 Apparent elastic modulus of carbon block 136

37 '83 - S 849 (137) 高炉炉底耐火物の構造強度に関する検討住友金属工業中央技術研究所品川白煉瓦技術研究所 1. 森田喜保,高道印藤正和,寺崎博,荒堀忠久守緒言高炉炉底耐火物の初期損傷には鉄皮の拘束による圧壊と浮き上り損傷が考えられるこれらを防止するたあの築炉基準を設けるたあ,モデルによる加熱実験を行ない,炉床耐火物の損傷形態とその発生限界を明らかにした 2. 実験方法図1のモデル(中型実炉の1/10)を作製し,パネルヒータで炉床面を加熱した試験はレンガ寸法とスタンプ材の変形能を種々に変化させ,緩昇温,降温により行なったすなわち,こでは構造に起因する熱応力に重点をおき,急こ熱によるスポーリング割れの生じない条件を選定したレンガの寸法としては築炉上の平積と縦積の有意差を調べるため,5,10,50 のレンガ厚を選んだまたスタンプ材の剛性の影響をみるため,通 Fig. 1 Model Furnace 常のスタンプ材のほかにキャスタブルとカオウールも用いた 3. 実験結果及び考察 a. 炉床耐火物の圧壊とスタンプ材の変形能スタンプ材としてキャスタブルを用い,レした場合,図2にンガ厚を50 と示すような放射状亀裂が炉の側壁部に発生することがわかったそこで,円筒の解析モデル(1)を用いて耐火物および鉄皮の応力を求め,測定結果と比較したその結果を図3に示す同図から明らかなごとく,両結果はほゞよい一致を示し,炉床レンガの損傷は半径方向の約2.0 f/m面 Fig. 2 Damage of Chamotte の圧縮応力と円周方向の引張応力のもとで発生することがわかったこのことは既報の結果ともほぼ対応している b. 浮上り現象とレンガ厚さ炉床上部のレンガ厚さが薄くなると,上層部のレンガが凸状に反り,破壊に至ることは容易に推定される図4はの結果の一例を示しているが,スを用いた場合,レンガ厚を5 10 では750 この場合タンプ材としてキャスタブルとした時は炉床面温度が170 C, Fig. 3 Influence of Stamp で破損が生じた円板の圧縮座屈の式を用いて評価すると,浮上り損傷はレンガ厚の2乗に比例することがわかった 4. 結言 a. 高炉の大きさに応じてスタンプ材の厚さを決ある必要があるが,可縮性を変更することも有効である b. 築炉上,炉 5. 文献床上部は縦積が望ましい略 Fig Fracture of Chamotte

38 Fig. 1 Coefficient of thermal expansion of carbon block contains K20 Fig. 2 Model for analysis Fig. 3 Stress O'e distribution on gap surface Fig. 4 Stress Or distribution on gap surface

39 (a) Model I (b) Model II Fig. 1 Partial compressive loading test (1) (a) Model I (b) Model II Fig. 2 Analysis of crack (Contour of P/15 max and direction of crack)

40 Fig. 1 Outline of model furnace Fig. 2 Variations of Temperatures in carbon block, Displacements of carbon blocks, displacement of steel ring and circumferential strain of ring. Fig. 3 Residual strain of carbon block. Fig. 4 Locations of cracks formed

41 Fig. 1 Outline of eccentric load test machine. Fig. 2 Comparison between FEM results and measured results.

42 Fig. 1 Young's modulus of carbon block. (Loadcompressive, parallel to extruded direction Sample size : 3Q x 45mm) Fig. 2 Boundary conditions for FEM analysis Fig. 3 Radial stress distribution of carbon block (Two dimensional FEM analysis results) Fig. 4 Relations between restriction ratio of thermal expansion and maximum radial tensile stress.

43 Table 1 Properties of BF refractories Fig 1 CMOR of each refractories after heating * * Cold modulus of rupture

44 Fig. 1 Effect of mixer on flow value Fig. 2 Effect of mixer on CMOR Fig. 3 Effect of vibration on bulk density

45 Fig. 1 Result of measurement of properties on Cool ing plate Fig. 2 Result of measurement of properties on Round box

46 Table 2 Test condition of high temperature properties Table 1 Chemical composition of samples (%) Fig. 1 Effect of added H2 gas and heating pattern on high temperature properties Fig. 2 Temperature at starting of pressure drop and maximum pressure drop VS degree of reduction at 1300 C (Refer Symbols in Table 1)

47 (a ) (b ) Fig.1 Pressure distribution in Fun shape model Fig.2. Pressure distribution at wall of cylinder shape model

48 Fig. I A-B section of element division Fig. 2 Gas flow distiribution Fig. 3 Pressure distribution at wall 148

49 Fig. 1 Circumferential position for heat flux measurement Fig. 2 Longitudinal distribution of temperature in the reactor and averaged heat transfer coefficient of wall 149

50 Fig. 1 Flow diagram for the Blast Furnace Total Model. (3) (4) (1 ) (2 ) (5 ) Fig. 2 An example of numerical solutions 150

(a) -4furne.ce Fig. I Schematic drawing of cooling chamber Fig. 2 Priventive gas velocity at nozzle 405

Fig. 1 Experimental Apparatus Fig. 2 Typical Ion Distribution in COG-Air Flame Fig. 3 Relation between Steel Temperature and Reduction Time (a) -4furne.ce Fig. I Schematic drawing of cooling chamber Fig.