戦争指導

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3 1949 Der totale Krieg Der totale Krieg Richard Holmes, ed., The Oxford Companion to Military History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), pp

4 l i Allan R. Millett and Williamson Murray, eds., Military Effectiveness (Vo ume The F rst World War) (Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1988) 11 83

5 Ludendorffs Selbstportrat Me ine Kriegserinnnerungen R 1992 [Mark Peattie, Ishiwara Kanji and the Confrontation with the West (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1975)] Christopher Coker, War and the 20th Century : The Impact of War on the Modern Consciousness (London: Brassey s, 1994), pp

6 Azar Gat, Fascist and Liberal Vi sions of War : Fuller, Lidde ll Hart, Douhet, and other Modernists (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998), pp

7 19 20 RMA Tomoyuki Ishizu, The Japanese General Fuller?: Ishiwara Kanji and his Concept of War, of Strategy, and of Armored Warfare, paper presented at the Military History Seminar, Institute of Historical Research, London University (12 November 2002)

9 26 niederwer ungstra egiewar of annihilation ermattungsstrateg ewar of attrition decisive war protracted war f t i

10 Azar Gat, The Development of Mili tary Thought : The Nineteenth Century (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992); Hans Delbrück, edited and translated by Arden Bucholz, Delbrück s Modern Military History (Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 1997), pp ; Arden Bucholz, Hans Delbrück and the German Military Establ ishment : War Images in Conflict (Iowa: University of Iowa Press, 1985); idem, Hans Delbrück and Modern Military History, The Historian, 55 (Spring 1993)

12 i i liti l 37 Gesch chte der Kr egskunst im Rahmen der po shen Geschichte Fa kenhayn und Ludendorff 38 91

13 Ishizu, The Japanese General Fuller?

14 Racial harmony was to become a weapon in the arsenal of the Final War..Put more concretely, the objective of the Kwantung Army s administrative policy in Manchuria should be to institute the nation s strategic advantage on the Asian continent, in order to prepare for the coming Armageddon..., while there is no doubt that Ishiwara gave priority to the principles of harmony and cooperation among Asian nations, he did so not for moral reasons but because he perceived the force of Asian union to be an asset that Japan must harness as an essential part of her preparations for world conflict. Yet one must remember that Ishiwara came to the idea of Asian union by way of the Final War, the ultimate goal against which he measured all other concepts. Thus, for Ishiwara, Asian cooperation, racial freedom, and political independence were not ends in themselves, but only means by which Japan could gain the essential support of other Asian nations in preparation for the final collision with the West. Victory in the Final War was the ultimate objective. To that goal all means might be used, all other ends sacrificed Peattie, Ishiwara Kanji and the Conf rontation with the West, p. 166, 284,

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21 l Tomoyuki Ishizu, The Japanese Way in Warfare: Japan s Grand Strategy for the 21st Century, Korean Journa of Defense Analysis 100

22 RMA RMA RMA (Summer, 2000)

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8 2011. 3 199 213 D. H. D. H. 1877-1953 The Evolution of Industry 1911 1904 1908 1919 1922 45 1906 Industrial Combination 2009 20 4 8 6 1 1 4 8 2001, 3 2 Marshall [1890]1920, 240 19 1 2001 2008 1990 1997