PowerPoint プレゼンテーション

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はすなさかど
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2 7 OSI7 Application protocol 6 Presentation protocol 5 Session protocol 4 Transport protocol : Network Layer Host-Router Protocol (e.g., ES-IS),,: (e.g., IS-IS,NNI,) : Data link Layer Host-Router Protocol (e.g, UNI) : Physical Layer Host-Router Protocol (e.g., UNI)

3 TCP/IP5 Application protocol TCP, UDP IP IP IP

4 ping telnet ftp X traceroute tftp bootp smtp NFS/RPC OS_Kernel TCP UDP ICMP IP IGMP Driver Interface Ethernet FDDI SDH FR ATM

5 IP / MAC(Media Access Control)

8 bit/s 100M 10M 1M 100m 1km 10km

9 Optical Networking at Double Moore s Law Moore s Law says that computer speed=2x every 18 months, and the cost = 50% John Roth, president and chief executive officer, says that Nortel Networks is moving at twice the speed of Moore's Law, doubling the capacity of its fiber-optic systems and halving the cost every nine months. Networks: 3 years=16x capacity, 6%cost Computers: 3 years=4x speed, 25% cost Networks: 6 years=256x capacity, >1/2% cost Computers: 6 years=16x speed, 6% cost Source: HPCwire hpcwire@tgc.com>

12 (1) (2) ( ) ( ) ( ) - ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) - PSK (Phase Shift Keying) - PSKASK QAM(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation)

13 fn Frequency f2 f1 f0 Time

14 DS-SS PSK FSK (1) (2) PN FR FR PN BPF (3) (4) (5) f f f (1) (2) (3) (4) f (5) f PSK Phase Shift Keying FSK Frequency Shift Keying

15 OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) f f FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing) OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) f

16 (1) (2) (a) Synchronous ( ) (b) Asynchronous

19 /

20 /

21 CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Contention Detection

22 P2P Link (Point-to-Point Link) NBMA(Non Broadcast Multiple Access) BMA(Broadcast Multiple Access) FDDI

23 ARQ (Automatic Repeat request CRC(Cyclic Redundancy Check) FEC (Forward Error Correction) ( )

25 DSU ; Digital Subscriber/Service Unit ONU ; Optical Network Unit TA ; Terminal Adapter

26 IEEE802 IP TCP ;

27 (1) LAN Ethernet / IEEE802.3 (IEEE802.4) (IEEE802.5 by IBM) FDDI (by ANSI) (by ANSI) HSSI (by Cisco) IEEE1394 (i.e., i-link Firewire) USB BlueTooth

28 (2) MAN/WAN ISDN Ethernet xdsl DOCSIS(Data over Cable Service Interface Specification) SDH/SONET Frame Relay ATM

29 / 1 ADSL Asymmetric [G.dmt (G.992.1) ] : 8M : 640k ADSL Lite ADSL Lite [G.lite (G.992.2)] DSL ADSL : 1.5M : 512k 1 HDSL High-Bit- Rate DSL : 1.5/2M : 1.5/2M 2 IDSL ISDN ISDN DSL : 128k : 128k 1 VDSL Very High- Bit-Rate DSL DSL A: S: < > : 52M : 6.4M < > 13M/26Mbps 1 SDSL Symmetric : 2M : 2M 1

32 LAN b c

36 DSL

37 Broadband & Always-On) DSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 512Kbps1.5Mbps, 128Kbps256Kbps ( ) ADSL NTT ADSL

38 : : Digital over Analogue over Digital.. xdsl

39 ADSL ISP NTT DSLAM ATM NTT ATM ATM Node VC VP POI IP ATM ISP-B ISP-A ISP-C

41 khz

43 O/E E/O CMTS HUB Servers STB STBSet Top Box CMTSCable Modem Termination System

44 , 60 ch FM 54MHz 450MHz 260 ch 450MHz650MHz 650MHz775MHz 875MHz1GHz

45 from MCNS(Multimedia Cable Network System Partners) DOCSIS ; 19973(Ver.1.0) - Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specification - 10Mbps42Mbps - Approved by SCTE(Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers, CATV ) - J.112 by ITU-T DOCSIS Ver IP Multicast - QoS MGCP ; Multimedia Gateway Control Protocol -

51 (

52 14

MPLS-Japan_Esaki_2001.PDF

MPLS-Japan_Esaki_2001.PDF 1 2 1 (IETF/ITU/OIF) 3 ( ) 4 2 Where the Internet Goes? Internet for Everything Everything over IP IP Internet for Everyone Everyone with IP IP Internet Everywhere/Anytime/Anyhow Everywhere and Anyhow