Neutron yield M.R. Hawkesworth, Neutron Radiography: Equipment and Methods, Atomic Energy Review 15, No. 2, , n µc -1 = n/(µa s) ~10 12 n

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1 Cross Section 7MeV Proton Linac AFRD, LBL (courtesy of Jani Reionen) LINAC SYSTEMS Applied Pulsed Power Plasma Target D+D reaction driven by LASER

2 Neutron yield M.R. Hawkesworth, Neutron Radiography: Equipment and Methods, Atomic Energy Review 15, No. 2, , n µc -1 = n/(µa s) ~ mA ave D + T 4 He+ n(14mev) D + D T + p 3 He+ n(2.5mev) p + 7 Li 7 Be + n [237keV]!"#$%&'()'*&$+%,-'."&/01'2,%'/,3'&-&%#.'45%+"6/&'7&58'%&56+",-1) 9'!

4 n µc -1 = n/(µa s) ~ mA ave :25Hz :1ms duty= mA 2.5MeV Good for RFQ :25Hz = 1µs duty=2.5x A peak???? May be for Induction Accelerator

6 ICR 7MeV Proton Linac RFQ-2MeV DTL-7MeV design value: 50mApk <180pps, 50µs duty <~1% Klystron: L5773 duty<6%, t w <1ms <1.25MWpk

7 PAC05

High Voltage Shielded Axial Neutron Generator D-D neutron yield of 10 8 n/s 1-2 ma of beam current and 80 kv of acceleration voltage Designed and fabricated for Nuclear Engineering Department, U.C.

8 High Voltage Shielded Axial Neutron Generator D-D neutron yield of 10 8 n/s 1-2 ma of beam current and 80 kv of acceleration voltage Designed and fabricated for Nuclear Engineering Department, U.C. Berkeley Replaces the 252 Cf radioactive source RF-induction ion source with external antenna Secondary electron filter shroud Titanium coated water-cooled target High voltage insulator Voltage feed-through with coiled water cooling line Accelerator and Fusion Research Division LBNL 10 8 n/s 1-2mA, 80kV Courtsy of Jani Reijonen Ion Beam Technology Program PAC 05, 5/20/05 Slide 1

High Yield Coaxial D-D Neutron Generator for NCT (Neutron Capture Therapy) Application High Voltage Shield Target Water Manifold Al 2 O 3 High Voltage Insulator Target Cylinder Secondary Electron

9 High Yield Coaxial D-D Neutron Generator for NCT (Neutron Capture Therapy) Application High Voltage Shield Target Water Manifold Al 2 O 3 High Voltage Insulator Target Cylinder Secondary Electron Filter Electrode Ion Source n/s 350mA 120kV Vacuum Chamber RF-Antenna Guide RF-Induction Antenna Vacuum Pump Accelerator and Fusion Research Division LBNL Ion Beam Technology Program Courtsy of Jani Reijonen PAC 05, 5/20/05 Slide 2

Coaxial D-D Neutron Generator for EUROSIA in Turin, Italy D-D neutron output 10 11 n/s 120 kv of acceleration voltage 350 ma of extracted D + current Coaxial design with multi extraction slits

10 Coaxial D-D Neutron Generator for EUROSIA in Turin, Italy D-D neutron output n/s 120 kv of acceleration voltage 350 ma of extracted D + current Coaxial design with multi extraction slits Delivered to the University of Turin, Italy in November 2004 for NCT studies Courtsy of Jani Reijonen Accelerator and Fusion Research Division LBNL Ion Beam Technology Program PAC 05, 5/20/05 Slide 3

Linac Systems 200 MHz, 0.75 MeV, 2.5 MeV, 20 ma (operating value, not current limit), and 100%. RFQ has a space charge limit of 60 ma. Common practice says not to exceed half of that.

11 Linac Systems 200 MHz, 0.75 MeV, 2.5 MeV, 20 ma (operating value, not current limit), and 100%. RFQ has a space charge limit of 60 ma. Common practice says not to exceed half of that. Date: Sat, 12 Nov :14: The RFQ conditioned up very nicely, and continues to do that after each exposure to air. When putting 10 ma of current into the RFQ, we accelerate about 6 ma of protons. Some unknown fraction of the input beam is H2+. We are tuning the resonant coupler today in preparation for exciting the combined structures with rf power. Soon thereafter, we will be looking for accelerated beam through the entire system.

anode) 200 A/cm2 Pulse width 100 ns Repetition rate 5 pulses/s Energy

13 Typical MAP I System Specifications for Ion Beam Surface Treatment Accelerating voltage 400 kv Beam current 40 ka Beam current density (at anode) 200 A/cm2 Pulse width 100 ns Repetition rate 5 pulses/s Energy density at target > 5 J/cm2 Target area >100 cm2 Design lifetime (excluding consumables) >10 7

14 Pulselac

15 MAP Ion diode (Magnetically Accelerated Plasma)

16 Ion Source 1MV? Acceleration +1MV? Target -0.5MV beam dump (<2MeV) Gas or plasma target 1MV GND -0.5MV

17 Laser Vacuum Pump proton beam Li Plasma Li -0.5MV?

23 Front Rear

27 7 Li(p,n) 7 Be, 9 Be(p,n) 9 B ICR 7MeV Proton Linac D+D netron ready Linac system underway APP MAP ion diode? Laser Accelerated Protons?

XFEL/SPring-8

DEVELOPMENT STATUS OF RF SYSTEM OF INJECTOR SECTION FOR XFEL/SPRING-8 Takao Asaka 1,A), Takahiro Inagaki B), Hiroyasu Ego A), Toshiaki Kobayashi A), Kazuaki Togawa B), Shinsuke Suzuki A), Yuji Otake B),