Figley 1983cost of caring secondary traumatic stress Figley, 1983 PTSD compassion fatigue Figley, 1995 Stamm 2002 compassion sat

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1 Compassion Fatigue and Empathy among Victim Support Workers With Use of Questionnaire Study Madoka FUKUSHIMA 30 In recent days, practices of the victim support have spread. Compassion fatigue is one of the construct describing the cost of caring trauma workers suffer. This study explored compassion fatigue among victim support workers, in light of features of their activities. Besides, the relation between compassion fatigue and empathy was also considered. The sample consisted of 30 care workers of organizations, affiliated with the National Network for Victim Support. The results showed that the average score of compassion fatigue didn t reach the level of high risk. As reasons, it was considered amount of activities among workers was limited, and workers didn t experience much trauma in childhood. Additionally, it was suggested that low compassion fatigue didn t necessarily directly connect in high compassion satisfaction. Finally, compassion satisfaction was found to be positively correlated with personal distress, as were compassion fatigue and burnout with emotional coldness

2 Figley 1983cost of caring secondary traumatic stress Figley, 1983 PTSD compassion fatigue Figley, 1995 Stamm 2002 compassion satisfaction Figley 1999 Stamm & Figley Compassion Satisfaciton and Fatigue Test Stamm , 2006,

3 % % 56.2 SD:11.9 range: % % Stamm & Figley 1996 The Compassion Satisfaction/Fatigue Test; CSFT & Stamm & Figley Maslach 1996 Maslach Bournout Inventory

4 16 Davis 1983 Interpersonal Reactivity Index Mehrabian & Epstein 1972 Questionnaire Measure of Emotional Empathy SD:11.9 range: % % % % % % SD:.4 range: % % % % % % % 2 6.7% % % % CAP ( )

5 2 6.7% 1,2 33.3% % % % 33.3% 1 3.0% % % SD:1.7 range: SD:5.2 range: SD:1.6 range: % 33.3% % % % % SD:13.27 range: SD:3.2 range: SD:2.4 range: SD:26.3 range: ( )

6 16 ( ) SD:9.8 range: SD: SD: SD:0.4 1 Stamm & Figley 1996 CSFT % % % % % % 1 4.2% 1 4.2% % 1 3.7% % %

7 ( ) ( ) 24 ( ) ( ) 24 ( ) ( ) 91

8 16 CSFT Spearman ,

9 Pearlman & MacIan, 1995; Kassam- Adams, 1999; Chrestman, 1999; Iliffe & Steed, 2000 Price, CSFT a =.92 =.73 =.73 Stamm 2002 =.87 =.90 =

10 16 CSFT , 2004 PTSD 2008 CSFT CSFT CSFT Chrestman, 1999; Elliot & Guy, 1993; Pearlman & MacIan, %

11 Ortlepp & Freidman, 2002 Pearlman & MacIan 1995, 2003 Kassam-Adams, DV CP Figley Figley,

12 16 CSFT Stamm 2002 Figley 1995 Stamm & Figley 1996 Rudolph 1997 Ortlepp 1998 Higson- Smith CSFT Collins & Long CSFT Stamm 2002,

13 CSFT 1 Davis, Davis, 1983 CSFT CSFT 97

14 16 Chrestman, K. R. (1999) Secondary exposure to trauma and self reported distress among therapists. In Secondary Traumatic Stress Self-care Issues for Clinicians, Reseachers, & Educators (Ed. Stamm,B.H.), 29-36:Lutherville: Sidaran Press 2003) 2, Collins S. & Long A. (2003) Too tired to care? The psychological effects of working with trauma. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing,, Davis, M. H. (1983) Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimentional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, Elliot, D. M., & Guy, J. D. (1993) Mental health professionals versus non-mental professionals childhood trauma and adult functioning. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 24(1), Figley, C. R. (1983) Catastrophes: An overview of family reactions: In Stress and the family: Volume : Coping with catastrophe (Eds. C. R. Figley & H. I. McCubbin), New York: Brunner/ Mazel. Figley, C. R. (Ed.). (1995) Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress and disorder in those who treat the traumatized. New York: Brunner/ Mazel psychological stress series, No. 23. Figley,C.R. (1999) Compassion fatigue; Toward a New Understanding of the Cost of Caring. In Secondary Traumatic Stress Self-care Issues for Clinicians, Reseachers, & Educators (Ed. Stamm,B.H.), 3-26: Lutherville: Sidaran Press , 2-21 Figley, C. R., & Stamm, B. H. (1996) Psychometric review of the Compassion Fatigue Self Test. In B. H. Stamm (Ed.). Measurement of stress, trauma & adaptation, Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press , 41, , 54, Higson-Smith, C. (1997) Monitoring of the psychosocial health of trauma workers in KwaZulu-Natal. Unpublished manuscript. Iliffe, G., & Steed, L. G. (2000) Exploring the counselor s experience of working with perpetrators and survivors of domestic violence. Journal of International Violence, 15(4), Kassam-Adams, N. (1999) The Risks of Treating Sexual Trauma: Stress and Secondary in Psychotherapists, In Secondary Traumatic Stress Self-care Issues for Clinicians, Reseachers, & Educators (Ed. Stamm, B.H.), 37-48: Lutherville: Sidaran Press , Vol.4, , , 12,

15 2004 Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E., & Leiter, M. P. (1996) The Maslach Bournout Inventory (3rd ed.). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press. Mehrabian, A., & Epstein, N. (1972) A measure of emotional empathy. Journal of Personality, 40, Ortlepp, K. (1998) Non-professional trauma debriefers in the workplace: Individual and organizational antecedents and consequences of their experiences. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Univercity of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Ortlepp, K., & Friedman, M. (2002) Prevalence and Correlates of Secondary Traumatic Stress in Workplace Lay Trauma Counselors. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15(3), Pearlman, L. A., & MacIan, P. S. (1995) Vicarious Trauma: An Empirical Study of the Effect of Trauma Work on Trauma Therapists. Professional Psychology: Reseach and Practice, 26(6), Price, M. (1998) Vulnerability factor for secondary traumatic stress in psychologists who treat traumatized clients. AAD Rudolph, J. M. Stamm, B. H., & Stamm, H. E. (1997) Compassion fatigue: A concern for mental health policy, providers and administration, Poster presented at the 13th Annual conference of the Intarenational Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Montreal, Ontario, Canada , 37, DV, 3, Stamm,B.H. (2002) Measuring Compassion Satisfaction as well as Fatigue: Developmental History of the Compassion Satisfaction and Fatigue Test: In: Treating Compassion Fatigue (ed. Figley, C. R.), Taylor & Francis, London

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