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1 3 (R) (G) (B) 3 RGB PCCS 3 CIE XYZ xy CIE LUV CIE LAB srgbhsvyiqycbcr

2 nm 780 nm 650 nm 400 nm

3 LMS L M L 3.2 PCCS CIE XYZCIE LUVCIE

4 26 3 LABsRGB A. H. (Hue) (Value) (Chroma) 3 3 (R) (Y) (G) (B) (P) 5 (YR) (GY) (BG) (PB) (RP) Y 5PB G H V C H V/C 5R

5 R 3/ PCCS (Practical Color Co-ordinate System; PCCS) PCCS LMS

6 PCCS CIE XYZ 3 (Commission Internationale de l Éclairage; CIE) 1931

7 CIE RGB 700 nm (R)546.1 nm (G)435.8 nm (B) nm546.1 nm nm r(λ)ḡ(λ) b(λ) CIE RGB 580 nm R 0.24 G 0.13B nm550 nm r(λ) 700 nm nm435.8 nm R G B RGB R X Y Z RGB X Y Z x(λ) = r(λ) ḡ(λ) b(λ) ȳ(λ) = r(λ) ḡ(λ) b(λ) z(λ) = r(λ) ḡ(λ) b(λ) 3.10 x(λ)ȳ(λ) z(λ) P(λ) X Y Z X = Y = P(λ) x(λ) dλ P(λ)ȳ(λ)dλ

8 main : 2014/9/5(16:29) CIE XYZ Z = P(λ) z(λ) dλ X Y Z CIE XYZ X Y Z X x = X + Y + Z Y y = X + Y + Z Z z = X + Y + Z X Y Z x+y +z = 1 x y z x y xy xy xy 380 nm 780 nm 380 nm 780 nm x = 0.33 y = CIE LUV CIE XYZ 3.11 xy CIE

9 xy u v xy u v X Y Z u 4x = 2x + 12y + 3 v 9y = 2x + 12y + 3 u 4X = X + 15Y + 3Z v 9Y = X + 15Y + 3Z u v u v 3.12 u v ( ) Y L = 116f 16 Y n u = 13L (u u n) v = 13L (v v n) L u v CIE LUV { t 1/3, t > f(t) = 7.787t + 16/116, t L psychometric lightness Y n u n v n X Y Z

10 u v CIE A X n = Y n = Z n = D 65 X n = 95.04Y n = Z n = u = v = 0 (u, v ) C uv u h uv C uv = (u ) 2 + (v ) 2 1 v h uv = tan u s uv = C uv L CIE LUV CIE LUV (L 1, u 1, v 1)(L 2, u 2, v 2) 2 E uv = (L 1 L 2 )2 + (u 1 u 2 )2 + (v 1 v 2 )2 CIE LUV CIE LAB CIE LAB CIE LUV X Y Z ( ) Y L = 116f 16 Y n { ( ) ( )} X Y a = 500 f f X n Y n

11 { ( ) ( )} Y Z b = 200 f f Y n Z n f(t) X n Y n Z n X Y Z CIE LUV C ab h ab C ab = (a ) 2 + (b ) 2 1 b h ab = tan a CIE LAB (L 1, a 1, b 1)(L 2, a 2, b 2) 2 E ab = (L 1 L 2 )2 + (a 1 a 2 )2 + (b 1 b 2 ) srgb CIE XYZ CIE XYZ (International Electrotechnical Commission; IEC) srgb (standard RGB) CIE XYZ srgb R srgb X G srgb = Y Z B srgb R srgb = { (1.0/2.4) 1.055R srgb 0.055, R srgb > R srgb, R srgb G srgb = { 1.055G (1.0/2.4) srgb 0.055, G srgb > G srgb, G srgb B srgb = { 1.055B (1.0/2.4) srgb 0.055, B srgb > B srgb, B srgb

12 (R) (G) (B) RGB (1) HSV/HSL HSV (Hue) (Saturation) (Value), G B 60 Max Min, H = B R 60 Max Min + 120, R G 60 Max Min + 240, 0, Max = 0 S = Max Min, Max 0 Max V = Max Max = max(r, G, B) Min = min(r, G, B) Max = Min Max = R Max = G Max = B H Max = Min H S RGB 0 1 V RGB 3.13 HSV RGB RGB HSV H HSV V RGB V L = 1 (Max + Min) 2

13 HSV RGB HSL L Lightness (2) YIQ/YCbCr YIQ NTSC NTSC Y I Q RGB YIQ Y R I = G Q B I Q NTSC Y I Q Y : I : Q = 4 : 1 : 0.5 YCbCr YIQ DVD YIQ Y YIQ Cb Y B B 0.5 Cr Y R R 0.5 RGB YCbCr Y = 0.299R G B Cb = (B Y )/1.772 = 0.169R 0.331G B Cr = (R Y )/1.402 = 0.500R 0.419G 0.081B

14 36 3 Y = R G B Cb = (B Y )/ = R G B Cr = (R Y )/ = R G B YCbCr Y CbCr (3) RGB CIE XYZ xy RGB rg b RGB R r = R + G + B G g = R + G + B B b = R + G + B r +g + b = 1 r g b rg b PCCS 4 (X, Y, Z) = (20, 30, 50) xy u v 5 CIE LAB (X n, Y n, Z n ) = (95.04, , ) (X 1, Y 1, Z 1 ) = (30, 50, 60) L a b (X 1, Y 1, Z 1 ) (X 2, Y 2, Z 2 ) = (60, 100, 90) CIE LAB [1] (2004) [2] (2004)

15 37 [3] (2007) [4] (2007) [5] (2013) [6] Stockman, A. and Sharpe, L. T.: The spectral sensitivities of the middle- and long-wavelength-sensitive cones derived from measurements in observers of known genotype, Vision Research, Vol.40, No.3, pp (2000)

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