δδ 1 2 δ δ δ δ μ H 2.1 C 2.5 N 3.0 O 3.5 Cl 3.0 S μ

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そよわたぬき
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1 1961. (Received January 15, 2013) 1) ph 2) 3) 2) 2) ) 7) ph ph ph 1961

2 δδ 1 2 δ δ δ δ μ H 2.1 C 2.5 N 3.0 O 3.5 Cl 3.0 S μ

3 1963 1,4- δ δ δ δ δ δ Gutmann 8) (DN) (AN) DN AN DN AN [Ni tmen acac]clo 4 DN 4 6), 8 9) Ni[tmen acac]clo 4 Cu[tmen acac] ClO 4 Ni[tmen acac] Ni[tmen acac] 9) 1, ) 2 ml [Ni tmen acac]clo 4 ([Cu tmen acac]clo 4 ) 1 7

4 1964 1,2-4 1,2-4 4 DN DN ,2- DN 1 5. [Ni tmen acac] S 1 6. [Cu tmen acac]

5 DN, AN, μ ε DN AN μ ε , , [Ni tmen acac] 1 51,2- DN 1 6 DN AN 1 2 DN AN AN DN 1,4-

6 1966 0DN ( 14.8) AN ( 10.8) 1 DN DN 2. ph 7) e) 2 3 d) 3 ABC

7 Ni[tmen acac]clo 4 (A) Cu[tmen acac]clo 4 (B) A 1,2- B 1, ph 2 2. ph

8 B B B 11, 12) ph 2 5 ph ) ph

9 ph ph (ph 1 ph 13) a) ph 1 HCl (0.1 mol/l) b) ph 1.68 ph KH 3 (C 2 O 4 ) 2H 2 O c) ph 4.01 ph C 6 H 4 (COOK)(COOH) d) ph 6.86 ph KH 2 PO4 Na 2 HPO 4 e) ph 9.18 ph Na 2 B 4 O 7 H 2 O f) ph ph NaHCO 3 Na 2 CO 3 g) ph 13 NaOH (0.1 mol/l) (99.5, 50 ) ph

10 ) 5 a) g) 5 ml ph 2) ml 3)pH 4) ph 2 2 ph 1) ph 4 ph4 5 ml 2) 1) 0.1 mol/l ph ph ph 3) ph 10 ph 10 5 ml 0.1 mol/l 2)

11 1971 ph [H ] H 2 O H 2 O H OH 25 α α [H 2 O] [H ] [OH ] [H ][OH ] K [H 2 O] K w K w 25 K w (mol 2 /l 2 ) [H ] [OH ] (mol/l) [H ] ph phlog [H ] log (1/[H ]) [H ], [OH ] ph 2 1 [H ] [OH ] (mol/l), ph 7[H ] [OH ], [H ] (mol/l), ph 7[H ] [OH ], [H ] (mol/l), ph 7 [H ] [OH ] (mol/l) (CO 2 ) 380 ppm ph ph [H ](mol/l) ph [OH ] (mol/l) ph 14 ph

12 1972 ph (CH 3 COOH) (CH 3 COONa) CH 3 COONa CH 3 COO Na CH 3 COOH CH 3 COO H H H CH 3 COO OH H OH H 2 O H H (H 2 CO 3, NaHCO 3 ) ph ) ph 2 1 a) ph 1 ph 13 ph1 0.1 mol/l HCl, ph 4.0, ph 6.86, ph 9.18, ph ph ph mol/l NaOH ph 2 ph 1 10pH 3 ph 2 10 ph 12 ph ph ph 2 1 b) e) ph 1, ph 1.68, ph 4.01, ph 6.86, ph 9.18, ph 10.01, ph 13b) (99.5 ) c) (50 ) d) 50 e) (99.5 ) c) d) 2 5

13 1973 ph 13 ph ) 2 1 f 3-11) 2-1 g 12d) 2-1 h ) 2 1 i ph 10 ph j, k j) k) j) k) 3-11) j) k) ph ph 2 2 (1) (5)pH mol/l 2 3 (6) (10) ph 10

14 mol/l ph ph(1) (10) (1) (5) ph 4.0 (ph 4.0) (ph 7.1) (ph 7.6) (ph 9.6) (ph 10.8)(6) (10) (ph 10.0) (ph 10) (ph 8.1) (ph 7.0) (ph 5.5) (ph 3.5) ph ph ph ph ph ph 2 5 ph 11, 12) 1) M. Sato, M. Atsumi, and N. Yamaguchi, Sci. Rep. Tokyo Woman s Christian Univ., 51, 1669 (2000); M. Sato and N. Yamaguchi, Sci. Rep. Tokyo Woman s Christian Univ., 56, 1837 (2006); M. Atsumi, M. Sato, and Y. Yamaguchi, Sci. Rep. Tokyo Woman s Christian Univ., 57, 1873 (2007); M. Sato and M. Atsumi, Sci. Rep. Tokyo Woman s Christian Univ., 61, 1915 (2011). 2) ) 1992; ) p ) R. W. Soukup and R. Schmid, J. Chem. Ed., 62, 459 (1985). 6) Y. Fukuda Ed., Inorganic Chromotropism. Basic Concepts and Applications of Colored Materials, Springer, ) 8) V ) Y. Fukuda and K. Sone, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn, 36, 465 (1972); Y. Fukuda, A. Shimura, M. Mukaida, E. Fujita, and K. Sone, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 36, 1265 (1974); (1999) 10) J. Riddick and W. B. Bunger, Organic solvents: physical properties and methods of purification, Third

15 1975 Edition, Wilwy-Interscience. 11) a) b) c) 12) a) 46, , (1991), b) 326, 25 32, (1998), c) 376, (2002), d) 403, (2004). 13) 5 14) ph Key words Color indicator/metal complex/donor ability/polarity/organic solvent/anthocyanin/anthocyanidin/ plant pigment/buffer solution/ph 1 Ni[tmen acac]clo 4 Cu[tmen acac]clo 4 2 ph ph ph ph Abstract This report describes following chemical experiments by using synthetic and natural color indicators; 1. Solvatochromism The polarity of organic solvents was checked by the metal complex, Ni[tmen acac]clo 4 and Cu[tmen acac] ClO 4 as the color indicator. The metal complex was dissolved in organic solvents, and the color of the solutions followed the donor ability of the solvents. 2. Plant pigments as ph indicators Anthocyanin pigments were extracted from red cabbage and various flowers. Aqueous solution of the pigment showed color change with different ph of the solution. Property of buffer solution, that resists ph change when acids and bases were added to it, was observed by using these pigments as ph indicator. These experiments are useful for students to understand polarity of organic solvents and property of buffer solution.

物理化学I-第11回(13).ppt

物理化学I-第11回(13).ppt I- 11-1 10 10.5 H 3 O + (aq) + OH (aq) + Na + (aq) + Cl (aq) Na + (aq) + Cl (aq) + 2H 2 O(l) - or - [A] V A = [B] V B 22 mol dm 3 equiv dm 3 - H 2 SO 4 (aq) + 2NaOH(aq) 2Na + (aq) + SO 4 2 (aq) + 2H 2