Table 1 Air cleaning system of air cleaners tested *1: Eelectrostatic precipitation system without air filtration. I-3 and I-4 air cleaners are same w

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1 Studies on Removal Performance of Odorants with Air Cleaners Masahiro FUSAYA1),2), Takashi AMAGAI1), Hidetsuru MATSUSHITA2) and Mitsuyuki SOMA1) 1) Graduate School of Nutritional & Environ. Sciences,University of Shizuoka (52-1 Yada, Shizuoka )2) Shizuoka Institute of Environment and Hygiene ( Kitaando, Shizuoka ) [Received December 24, 1998] Summary Various air cleaners are available on the market to improve indoor air quality. In some cases, it was described in the catalog that they could remove not only particulate matter but also odorants. Then, to evaluate the performance of the air cleaner and to find more effective system for improving indoor air quality, 14 air cleaners on the market in Japan were tested of their performances in removing 21 typical indoor odorants. The test was carried out in the chamber that was made of stainless steel. Some electrostatic precipitation system or filtration system fitted with effective deodorant filter could remove odorants significantly, but the others could not. Removal rate of odorant depended on the odor substance, for example, dimethyl sulfide and acetaldehyde could not be removed readily by the all air cleaners. In some cases, odorous by-product was generated from some air cleaners because the oxidizer on the filter oxidized some odorants. After the air cleaner was used in the chamber of high odorants concentration, some odorant could be desorbed into relatively clean environment. Key words: odor substance, air cleaner, deodorization, indoor environment

2 Table 1 Air cleaning system of air cleaners tested *1: Eelectrostatic precipitation system without air filtration. I-3 and I-4 air cleaners are same with E-1 and E-2 cleaners, respectively. Then these cleaners were used as ionization system cleaner, fan of the cleaner was stopped. *2: Air does not pass through the filters.

3 Table 2 Sampling and measurement method

4 Fig. 1 Residual rates of odorants in chamber using air cleaner E-1 (a) and F-1 (b) Ÿ : Hydrogen sulfide : Methyl mercaptan : Ammonia œ : Toluene

5 Table 3(1) Removal effect of odor substances by air cleaners (E-1 `E-3)

6 Table 3 (2) Removal effect of odor substances by air cleaners (E-4 `E-6) 44

7 Table 3 (3) Removal effect of odor substances by air cleaners (E-7 `I-2) 45

8 Table 3 (4) Removal effect of odor substances by air cleaners (I-3 `F-1) 46

9 Table 3 (5) Removal effect of odor substances by air cleaners (F-2-vF-3) 47

10 Fig. 2 Residual rates of odorants after using air cleaners for 20 minutes S1: Hydrogen sulfide S2: Methyl mercaptan S3: Dimethyl sulfide S4: Dimethyl disulfide 01: Benzene 02: Toluene 03: m-xylene 04: Styrene 05: Ethyl acetate 06: iso-buthyl alcohol 07: Methyl isobutyl ketone N1: Ammonia N2: Trimethylamine A1: Formaldehyde A2: Acetaldehyde A3: Propionaldehyde A4: n-butyraldehyde A5: n-valeraldehyde Ll: Propionic acid L2: n-butyric acid L3: n-valerie acid 48

11 Table 4 Relationship between attached filters and average of residual rates of 21 odorants obtained by air cleaners *1: W is width(cm), H is hight(cm) and T is thickness(cm). *2: These values are average of residual rates of 21 odorants. *3: Air does not pass through the filters.

12 Fig. 3 Residual rates of odorants using 7 effective air cleaners (E-1, E-2, E-3, E-7, F-1, F-2 and F-3) S1: Hydrogen sulfide S2: Methyl mercaptan S3: Dimethyl sulfide S4: Dimethyl disulfide O1: Benzene O2: Toluene O3: m-xylene O4: Styrene O5: Ethyl acetate O6: iso-buthyl alcohol O7: Methyl isobutyl ketone N1: Ammonia N2: Trimethylamine A1: Formaldehyde A2: Acetaldehyde A3: Propionaldehyde A4: n Butyraldehyde A5: n Valeraldehyde Ll: Propionic acid L2: n-butyric acid L3: n-valerie acid

13 Fig. 5 A breakaway of odorants from deodorant filter using air cleaner E-2, after deodoriaation in high concentration of odors A : Odorant infuse B : Air cleaner on C : Air cleaner off and chamber's door open D : Chamber's door closed and air cleaner on Fig. 4 Relationship between the vapor pressure and the residual rates of odorant in chamber after using air cleaners for 20 minutes Ÿ : Sulfur compounds : Organic solvents Z : Trimethylamine (TMA) and Ammonia (NH3) œ : Aldehydes : Lower fatty acids H2S : Hydrogen sulfide MM : Methyl mercaptan Fig. 6 Dimethyl disulfide generation from methyl mercaptan using cleaner air E-1 Z : Decay of methyl mercaptan : Decay of dimethyl disulfide : Generation curve of dimethyl disulfide from FA : Formaldehyde methyl mercaptan 51

14 3) Niu, J., Tung, C. W. and Burnett, J.: The Functions of Air-Cleaners in Indoor Air Quality Control, Indoor and built environment problems in Asia, (1997)

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