社会階層と食生活

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1 % 15.4% 27.5% 50.0% 81.2% 91.1% % % 20% 2 (Sociological Theory and Methods) , Vol.25, No.1: 81 93

2 ) Bourdieu and Passeron 1970 Bourdieu : I Mennell et al : 94 エンゲル係数 80.0% 40.0% 0.0% 66.4% 57.4% 46.9% 41.6% 38.1% 34.1% 32.0% 29.0% 27.0% 25.4% 23.7% 23.3% 22.9% 23.3% 1946 年 1950 年 1955 年 1960 年 1965 年 1970 年 1975 年 1980 年 1985 年 1990 年 1995 年 2000 年 2005 年 2008 年

3 A % ) 2001: :

4 Kawachi and Kennedy % ,402 97,

5 (2008) % 20.9% % 80.7% 11.1% 68.3% 20.5% 37.2% 48.6% 11.3% 3.0% 85.7%

6 % % % % 86.0% 91.3% 15.4% 27.5% % % % % 4.5% 4 6.9% 81.2% 91.1% 9.9% 該当者の比率 100.0% 50.0% 0.0% 88.5% 20.9% 42.1% 80.7% 11.1% 68.3% 20.5% 85.7% 野菜を毎日 (818) 海藻を毎日 (818) みそ汁を毎日 (818) 朝食を毎日 (818) 野菜も海藻もなし (818) 野菜か海藻あり (818) 野菜と海藻両方 (818) 健康に幸福 (807) 2 野菜を毎日健康に幸福海藻を毎日 該当者の比率 100.0% 50.0% 0.0% 84.5% 88.8% 92.3% 86.0% 92.2% 91.3% 85.7% 90.2% 88.2% 92.2% 92.8% 81.9% 64.7% 91.9% 83.3% 86.1% 85.1% 85.1% 88.0% 92.9% 81.5% 87.9% 78.6% 88.1% 88.8% 69.2% 16.1% 18.3% 26.6% 11.8% 15.4% 22.1% 27.5% 50.0% 21.5% 20.7% 17.7% 19.9% 32.0% 30 代 (161) 40 代 (338) 50 代 (286) 中学卒 (17) 高校卒 (351) 短大卒 (217) 大学卒 (218) 大学院卒 (14) 現在仕事なし (275) 現在有職 (536) 世帯年収 0~599 万 (237) 600~1199 万 (408) 1200 万以上 (125) 3 健康に幸せ やや幸せの合計の比率 100.0% 90.0% 80.0% 81.8% 毎日ではない (88) 86.3% 野菜を毎日 (715) 84.3% 毎日ではない (632) 91.2% 海藻を毎日 (171) 81.2% 84.9% 野菜も海藻もなし (85) 野菜か海藻あり (550) 91.1% 野菜と海藻両方 (168) 4 86

7 *** ***.287*** ***.092**.191*** **.112**.082*.075* * p<0.05 **0.01 ***

8 ** ** * * *** *** *** *.154*** * p<0.1 *0.05 **0.01 *** *.126***.126***.163***.163***.076* **.099** * **.083* ** p<0.1 *0.05 **0.01 ***

9 3 4 (2008) (1) 1 5) 15.4% 27.5% 50.0% (2) % 91.1% (3) (4)

10 5 Brillat-Savarin 1825: (2008) (2008) (2008) (2008) 2008 Peterson and Simkus 1992 Peterson and Kern

11 (2010) 2 1) Veblen (1899) 1991: ii Bourdieu : 27 2) 2007 : : ) SF-8 36 SF ) 2000: 6-2 5) : Bourdieu, P La Distinction: Critique Social du Jugement. Minuit I II The Forms of Capital. Pp in Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, edited by J. G. Richardson. Greenwood. and J. Passeron La Reproduction: Éléments pour une théorie du systéme d'enseignement. Minuit Brillat-Savarin, J. A Physiologie du Goût

12 QOL SF-8 SF : SSM Kawachi, I. and B. P. Kennedy The Health of Nations: Why Inequality Is Harmful to Your Health. New Press : Mennell, S., A. Murcott, and A. H. Van Otterloo The Sociology of Food: Eating, Diet and Culture. Sage SSM Peterson, R. A. and R. M. Kern Changing Highbrow Taste: From Snob to Omnivore. American Sociological Review 61: Peterson, R. A. and A. Simkus How Musical Tastes Mark Occupational Status Groups. Pp in Cultivating Differences, edited by M. Lamont and M. Fournier. University of Chicago Press : Q A. Veblen, T The Theory of the Leisure Class: An Economic Study in the Evolution of Institutions

13 Social Stratification and Food: Analyses of Effects on Health Jun Kobayashi Department of Contemporary Societies Seikei University 3-3-1, Kichijoji-Kitamachi, Musasino-shi, Tokyo , Japan This paper examined how social stratification affected food. I treated vegetables and seaweed as cases. I showed that social stratification lead to inequality of eating vegetables and seaweed, and this resulted in inequality of health. This may be because eating them represented balanced eating life. Data were collected by a mail survey on years old females in Nishitokyo city in Tokyo, Japan (822 respondents, 68.7% response rate). First, I found that as social stratification rose, people ate more vegetables and seaweed. Second, eating them everyday boosted subjective health. Third, vegetables and seaweed bridged effects of education on health as intervening variables. Fourth, I found no effects of traditional Japanese food and regular eating life on health. Keywords and Phrases: Social stratification, food, health, vegetables, seaweed (Received February 22, 2010/ Accepted April 21, 2010) 93

14 94

Microsoft Word - 4725 小林論文

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