カテゴリ変数と独立性の検定

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1 II L04( Fri) : Time-stamp: Fri 22:28 JST hig 2, Excel 2, χ 2,. () L04 II(2015) 1 / 20

2 : L03-S1 Quiz : (x = 2) 12 (y = 3) P (X = x) = 5 12 (x = 3), P (Y = y) = 9 12 (y = 7) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) 2 3 (x = 2) P (X = x Y = 3) = 1 3 (x = 3) 0 ( ) 1 5 (y = 3) P (Y = y X = 3) = 4 5 (y = 7) 0 ( ) () L04 II(2015) 2 / 20

3 : L03-S2 Quiz : 1 2 y\x /40 4/ /40 6/ (x = 1) P (X = x Y = 10) = 4 25 (x = 2) 0 ( ) () L04 II(2015) 3 / 20

4 1 : 2 2 () L04 II(2015) 4 / 20

5 II = 2,,, x, χ 2,, x =, = ( ). :,, A, B 2, 0,1 I(2014)L11 3,. () L04 II(2015) 5 / 20

6 2 1 : 2 2 () L04 II(2015) 6 / 20

7 2 2 A A P( =A, = ) P( =A, = ) P( =A, = ) P( =A, = ) 1 A 2 A A, A A f 11 = 1 f 12 = 2 f 21 = 4 f 22 = 5 f ij, 1 i c, 1 j r. r, c2. Excel () L04 II(2015) 7 / 20

8 2?, P( =A, = )=P( = ) P( =A ) = p i q j. () L04 II(2015) 8 / 20

9 2, A A P ( = ) p 1 = 3 12 P ( =A ) q 1 = 5 12, (= ). A = n p 1 q 1 = = 1.25 () L04 II(2015) 9 / 20

10 2 : χ 2 A A = = = = A A (1 1.25) 2 (2 1.75) 2 ( ) 2 = ( ) 2 (4 3.75) 2 (5 5.25) 2 : χ 2 ( 2 ) p i (i = 1,..., c), q j (j = 1,..., r),, χ 2 = ( )2 = 1 i c,1 j r () L04 II(2015) 10 / 20 (f ij np i q j ) 2 np i q j

11 2. χ 2 = (1 1.25) (2 1.75) (4 3.75) (5 5.25) = χ 2 ( 2 ) 0 χ 2., (r 1)(c 1) χ 2. Example Excel χ 2 Excel RaMMoodle >. () L04 II(2015) 11 / 20

12 1 : 2 2 () L04 II(2015) 12 / 20

13 Yes/No, I(2014)L12 (test)= (statistical hypothesis test) 55g,., 54g,,.. 55g.,,,, (, α = 0.05 ).. α:.. / or () L04 II(2015) 13 / 20

14 H 0 : (null hypothesis) = = µ 1 µ 0 = 55g H 1 : (alternative hypothesis) = = µ 1 µ 0 = 55g () L04 II(2015) 14 / 20

15 H 0, H 0 (reject) (H 1 (accept) ) (significant). H 1. H 0 H 0 (accept) µ 0 µ 1 (not significant)., H 1 =.. () L04 II(2015) 15 / 20

16 1 2 ( ), 3 4 Y, ( ) 5 y 1. 6 Y y 1 (=p). α /, / (= / ).,,,.,. () L04 II(2015) 16 / 20

17 1 α =..., 2 3, X,Y. 4, χ 2 (c 1)(r 1) χ 2. 5, χ 2 = χ 2 α(k 1),..., /., X Y /. () L04 II(2015) 17 / 20

18 L04-Q1 Quiz( χ 2 ), 6,,, ( ) χ α = 0.05, χ 2. () L04 II(2015) 18 / 20

19 χ 2 α = P (χ 2 > χ 2 α(k)). k\α I(2014)L14 () L04 II(2015) 19 / 20

20 Math =, 1-614! or , manaba () L04 II(2015) 20 / 20

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